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AcOcom6moOdate (#), a. [L. accommodatus, p.p. of

accommodare.] Suitable; fit; adapted; as, means accommodate

to end. [Archaic]

Tillotson.

AcOcom6moOdateOly, adv. Suitably; fitly. [R.]

AcOcom6moOdateOness, n. Fitness. [R.]

AcOcom6moOda7ting (#), a. Affording, or disposed to afford,

accommodation; obliging; as an accommodating man, spirit,

arrangement.

AcOcom7moOda6tion (#), n. [L. accommodatio, fr. accommodare:

cf. F. accommodation.]

1. The act of fitting or adapting, or the state of being

fitted or adapted; adaptation; adjustment; P followed by to.

=The organization of the body with accommodation to its

functions.8

Sir M. Hale.

2. Willingness to accommodate; obligingness.

3. Whatever supplies a want or affords ease, refreshment, or

convenience; anything furnished which is desired or needful;

P often in the plural; as, the accomodations P that is,

lodgings and food P at an inn.

A volume of Shakespeare in each pocket, a small bundle with

a change of linen slung across his shoulders, an oaken

cudgel in his hand, complete our pedestrian's

accommodations.

Sir W. Scott.

4. An adjustment of differences; state of agreement;

reconciliation; settlement. =To come to terms of

accommodation.8

Macaulay.

5. The application of a writer's language, on the ground of

analogy, to something not originally referred to or

intended.

Many of those quotations from the Old Testament were

probably intended as nothing more than accommodations.

Paley.

6. (Com.) (a) A loan of money. (b) An accommodation bill or

note.

Accommodation bill, or note (Com.), a bill of exchange which

a person accepts, or a note which a person makes and

delivers to another, not upon a consideration received, but

for the purpose of raising money on credit. P Accommodation

coach, or train, one running at moderate speed and stopping

at all or nearly all stations. P Accommodation ladder

(Naut.), a light ladder hung over the side of a ship at the

gangway, useful in ascending from, or descending to, small

boats.

AcOcom6moOda7tor (#), n. He who, or that which,

accommodates.

Warburton.

AcOcom6paOnaOble (#), a. Sociable. [Obs.]

Sir P. Sidney.

AcOcom6paOniOer (#), n. He who, or that which, accompanies.

Lamb.

AcOcom6paOniOment (#), n. [F. accompagnement.] That which

accompanies; something that attends as a circumstance, or

which is added to give greater completeness to the principal

thing, or by way of ornament, or for the sake of symmetry.

Specifically: (Mus.) A part performed by instruments,

accompanying another part or parts performed by voices; the

subordinate part, or parts, accompanying the voice or a

principal instrument; also, the harmony of a figured bass.

P. Cyc.

AcOcom6paOnist (#), n. The performer in music who takes the

accompanying part.

Busby.

AcOcom6paOny (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accompanied (#); p.

pr. & vb. n. Accompanying (#)] [OF. aacompaignier, F.

accompagner, to associate with, fr. OF. compaign, compain,

companion. See Company.] 1. To go with or attend as a

companion or associate; to keep company with; to go along

with; P followed by with or by;as, he accompanied his speech

with a bow.

The Persian dames,...

In sumptuous cars, accompanied his march.

Glover.

The are never alone that are accompanied with noble

thoughts.

Sir P. Sidney.

He was accompanied by two carts filled wounded rebels.

Macaulay.

2. To cohabit with. [Obs.]

Sir T. Herbert.

Syn. P To attend; escort; go with. P To Accompany, Attend,

Escort. We accompany those with whom we go as companions.

The word imports an equality of station. We attend those

whom we wait upon or follow. The word conveys an idea of

subornation. We escort those whom we attend with a view to

guard and protect. A gentleman accompanies a friend to some

public place; he attends or escorts a lady.

AcOcom6paOny, v. i. 1. To associate in a company; to keep

company. [Obs.]

Bacon.

Men say that they will drive away one another,... and not

accompany together.

Holland.

2. To cohabit (with). [Obs.]

Milton.

3. (Mus.) To perform an accompanying part or parts in a

composition.

AcOcom6pleOtive (#), a. [L. ad + complere, completum, to

fill up.] Tending to accomplish. [R.]

AcOcom6plice (#), n. [AcO (perh. for the article a or for L.

ad) + E. complice. See Complice.]

1. A cooperator. [R.]

Success unto our valiant general,

And happiness to his accomplices!

Shak.

2. (Law) An associate in the commission of a crime; a

participator in an offense, whether a principal or an

accessory. =And thou, the cursed accomplice of his

treason.8 Johnson. It is followed by with or of before a

person and by in (or sometimes of) before the crime; as, A

was an accomplice with B in the murder of C. Dryden uses it

with to before a thing. =Suspected for accomplice to the

fire.8

Dryden.

Syn. P Abettor; accessory; assistant; associate;

confederate; coadjutor; ally; promoter. See Abettor.

AcOcom6pliceOship (#), n. The state of being an accomplice.

[R.]

Sir H. Taylor.

Ac7comOplic6iOty (#), n. The act or state of being an

accomplice. [R.]

AcOcom6plish (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accomplished (#), p.

pr. & vb. n. Accomplishing.] [OE. acomplissen, OF.

accomplir, F. accomplir; L. ad + complere to fill up,

complete. See Complete, Finish.] 1. To complete, as time or

distance.

That He would accomplish seventy years in the desolations of

Jerusalem.

Dan. ix. 2.

He had accomplished half a league or more.

Prescott.

2. To bring to an issue of full success; to effect; to

perform; to execute fully; to fulfill; as, to accomplish a

design, an object, a promise.

This that is written must yet be accomplished in me.

Luke xxii. 37.

3. To equip or furnish thoroughly; hence, to complete in

acquirements; to render accomplished; to polish.

The armorers accomplishing the knights.

Shak.

It [the moon] is fully accomplished for all those ends to

which Providence did appoint it.

Wilkins.

These qualities... go to accomplish a perfect woman.

Cowden Clarke.

4. To gain; to obtain. [Obs.]

Shak.

Syn. P To do; perform; fulfill; realize; effect; effectuate;

complete; consummate; execute; achieve; perfect; equip;

furnish. P To Accomplish, Effect, Execute, Achieve, Perform.

These words agree in the general idea of carrying out to

some end proposed. To accomplish (to fill up to the measure

of the intention) generally implies perseverance and skill;

as, to accomplish a plan proposed by one's self, an object,

a design, an undertaking. =Thou shalt accomplish my desire.8

1 Kings v. 9.

He... expressed his desire to see a union accomplished

between England and Scotland.

Macaulay.

To effect (to work out) is much like accomplish. It usually

implies some degree of difficulty contended with; as, he

effected or accomplished what he intended, his purpose, but

little. =What he decreed, he effected.8

Milton.

To work in close design by fraud or guile

What force effected not.

Milton.

To execute (to follow out to the end, to carry out, or into

effect) implies a set mode of operation; as, to execute the

laws or the orders of another; to execute a work, a purpose,

design, plan, project. To perform is much like to do, though

less generally applied. It conveys a notion of protracted

and methodical effort; as, to perform a mission, a part, a

task, a work. =Thou canst best perform that office.8

Milton.

The Saints, like stars, around his seat

Perform their courses still.

Keble.

To achieve (to come to the end or arrive at one's purpose)

usually implies some enterprise or undertaking of

importance, difficulty, and excellence.

AcOcom6plishOaOble (#), a. Capable of being accomplished;

practicable.

Carlyle.

AcOcom6plished (#), a. 1. Completed; effected; established;

as, an accomplished fact.

2. Complete in acquirements as the result usually of

training; P commonly in a good sense; as, an accomplished

scholar, an accomplished scholar, an accomplished villain.

They... show themselves accomplished bees.

Holland.

Daughter of God and man, accomplished Eve.

Milton.

AcOcom6plishOer (#), n. One who accomplishes.

AcOcom6plishOment (#), n. [F. accomplissement, fr.

accomplir.] 1. The act of accomplishing; entire performance;

completion; fulfillment; as, the accomplishment of an

enterprise, of a prophecy, etc.

2. That which completes, perfects, or equips thoroughly;

acquirement; attainment; that which constitutes excellence

of mind, or elegance of manners, acquired by education or

training. =My new accomplishment of dancing.8 Churchill.

=Accomplishments befitting a station.8 Thackeray.

Accomplishments have taken virtue's place,

And wisdom falls before exterior grace.

Cowper.

AcOcompt6 (#; formerly #), n. See Account.

5 Accompt, accomptant, etc., are archaic forms.

AcOcomp6aOble (#), a. See Accountable.

AcOcompt6ant (#), n. See Accountant.

AcOcord6 (#), n. [OE. acord, accord, OF. acort, acorde, F.

accord, fr. OF. acorder, F. accorder. See Accord, v. t.] 1.

Agreement or concurrence of opinion, will, or action;

harmony of mind; consent; assent.

A mediator of an accord and peace between them.

Bacon.

These all continued with one accord in prayer.

Acts i. 14.

2. Harmony of sounds; agreement in pitch and tone; concord;

as, the accord of tones.

Those sweet accords are even the angels' lays.

Sir J. Davies.

3. Agreement, harmony, or just correspondence of things; as,

the accord of light and shade in painting.

4. Voluntary or spontaneous motion or impulse to act; P

preceded by own; as, of one's own accord.

That which groweth of its own accord of thy harvest thou

shalt not reap.

Lev. xxv. 5.

Of his own accord he went unto you.

2 Cor. vii. 17.

5. (Law) An agreement between parties in controversy, by

which satisfaction for an injury is stipulated, and which,

when executed, bars a suit.

Blackstone.

With one accord, with unanimity.

They rushed one accord into the theater.

Acts xix. 29.

AcOcord6, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accorded; p. pr. & vb. n.

According.] [OE. acorden, accorden, OF. acorder, F.

accorder, fr. LL. accordare; L. ad + cor, cordis, heart. Cf.

Concord, Discord, and see Heart.] 1. To make to agree or

correspond; to suit one thing to another; to adjust; P

followed by to. [R.]

Her hands accorded the lute's music to the voice.

Sidney.

2. To bring to an agreement, as persons; to reconcile; to

settle, adjust, harmonize, or compose, as things; as, to

accord suits or controversies.

When they were accorded from the fray.

Spenser.

All which particulars, being confessedly knotty and

difficult can never be accorded but by a competent stock of

critica learning.

South.

3. To grant as suitable or proper; to concede; to award; as,

to accord to one due praise. =According his desire.8

Spenser.

AcOcord6, v. i. 1. To agree; to correspond; to be in

harmony; P followed by with, formerly also by to; as, his

disposition accords with his looks.

My heart accordeth with my tongue.

Shak.

Thy actions to thy words accord.

Milton.

2. To agree in pitch and tone.

AcOcord6aOble (#), a. [OF. acordable, F. accordable.] 1.

Agreeing. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

2. Reconcilable; in accordance.

AcOcord6ance (#), n. [OF. acordance.] Agreement; harmony;

conformity. =In strict accordance with the law.8

Macaulay.

Syn. P Harmony; unison; coincidence.

AcOcord6anOcy (#), n. Accordance. [R.]

Paley.

AcOcord6ant (#), a. [OF. acordant, F. accordant.] Agreeing;

consonant; harmonious; corresponding; conformable; P

followed by with or to.

Strictly accordant with true morality.

Darwin.

And now his voice accordant to the string.

Coldsmith.

AcOcord6antOly, adv. In accordance or agreement; agreeably;

conformably; P followed by with or to.

AcOcord6er (#), n. One who accords, assents, or concedes.

[R.]

AcOcord6ing, p. a. Agreeing; in agreement or harmony;

harmonious. =This according voice of national wisdom.8

Burke. =Mind and soul according well.8

Tennyson.

According to, agreeably to; in accordance or conformity

with; consistent with.

According to him, every person was to be bought.

Macaulay.

Our zeal should be according to knowledge.

Sprat.

5 According to has been called a prepositional phrase, but

strictly speaking, according is a participle in the sense of

agreeing, acceding, and to alone is the preposition.

According as, precisely as; the same as; corresponding to

the way in which. According as is an adverbial phrase, of

which the propriety has been doubted; but good usage

sanctions it. See According, adv.

Is all things well,

According as I gave directions?

Shak.

The land which the Lord will give you according as he hath

promised.

Ex. xii. 25.

p. 13

AcOcord6ing (#), adv. Accordingly; correspondingly. [Obs.]

Shak.

AcOcord6ingOly, adv. 1. Agreeably; correspondingly;

suitably; in a manner conformable.

Behold, and so proceed accordingly.

Shak.

2. In natural sequence; consequently; so.

Syn. P Consequently; therefore; wherefore; hence; so. P

Accordingly, Consequently, indicate a connection between two

things, the latter of which is done on account of the

former. Accordingly marks the connection as one of simple

accordance or congruity, leading naturally to the result

which followed; as, he was absent when I called, and I

accordingly left my card; our preparations were all

finished, and we accordingly set sail. Consequently all

finished, and we accordingly set sail. Consequently marks a

closer connection, that of logical or causal sequence; as,

the papers were not ready, and consequently could not be

signed.

AcOcor6diOon (#), n. [See Accord.] (Mus.) A small, portable,

keyed wind instrument, whose tones are generated by play of

the wind upon free metallic reeds.

AcOcor6diOonOist, n. A player on the accordion.

AcOcord6ment (#), n. [OF. acordement. See Accord, v.]

Agreement; reconcilement. [Obs.]

Gower.

AcOcor6poOrate (#), v. t. [L. accorporare; ad + corpus,

corporis, body.] To unite; to attach; to incorporate. [Obs.]

Milton.

AcOcost6 (#; 115), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accosted; p. pr. &

vb. n. Accosting.] [F. accoster, LL. accostare to bring side

by side; L. ad + costa rib, side. See Coast, and cf.

Accoast.] 1. To join side to side; to border; hence, to sail

along the coast or side of. [Obs.] =So much [of Lapland] as

accosts the sea.8

Fuller.

2. To approach; to make up to. [Archaic]

Shak.

3. To speak to first; to address; to greet. =Him, Satan thus

accosts.8

Milton.

AcOcost6, v. i. To adjoin; to lie alongside. [Obs.] =The

shores which to the sea accost.8

Spenser.

AcOcost6, n. Address; greeting. [R.]

J. Morley.

AcOcost6aOble (#), a. [Cf. F. accostable.] Approachable;

affable. [R.]

Hawthorne.

AcOcost6ed, a. (Her.) Supported on both sides by other

charges; also, side by side.

X AcOcouche6ment (#; 277), n. [F., fr. accoucher to be

delivered of a child, to aid in delivery, OF. acouchier

orig. to lay down, put to bed, go to bed; L. ad + collocare

to lay, put, place. See Collate.] Delivery in childbed

X AcOcouOcheur6 (#), n. [F., fr. accoucher. See

Accouchement.] A man who assists women in childbirth; a man

midwife; an obstetrician.

X AcOcouOcheuse6 (#), n. [F.., fem. of accoucher.] A

midwife. [Recent]

Dunglison.

AcOcount6 (#), n. [OE. acount, account, accompt, OF. acont,

fr. aconter. See Account, v. t., Count, n., 1.] 1. A

reckoning; computation; calculation; enumeration; a record

of some reckoning; as, the Julian account of time.

A beggarly account of empty boxes.

Shak.

2. A registry of pecuniary transactions; a written or

printed statement of business dealings or debts and credits,

and also of other things subjected to a reckoning or review;

as, to keep one's account at the bank.

3. A statement in general of reasons, causes, grounds, etc.,

explanatory of some event; as, no satisfactory account has

been given of these phenomena. Hence, the word is often used

simply for reason, ground, consideration, motive, etc.; as,

on no account, on every account, on all accounts.

4. A statement of facts or occurrences; recital of

transactions; a relation or narrative; a report; a

description; as, an account of a battle. =A laudable account

of the city of London.8

Howell.

5. A statement and explanation or vindication of one's

conduct with reference to judgment thereon.

Give an account of thy stewardship.

Luke xvi. 2.

6. An estimate or estimation; valuation; judgment. =To stand

high in your account.8

Shak.

7. Importance; worth; value; advantage; profit. =Men of

account.8 Pope. =To turn to account.8 Shak.

Account current, a running or continued account between two

or more parties, or a statement of the particulars of such

an account. P In account with, in a relation requiring an

account to be kept. P On account of, for the sake of; by

reason of; because of. P On one's own account, for one's own

interest or behalf. P To make account, to have an opinion or

expectation; to reckon. [Obs.]

s other part... makes account to find no slender arguments

for this assertion out of those very scriptures which are

commonly urged against it.

Milton.

P To make account of, to hold in estimation; to esteem; as,

he makes small account of beauty. P To take account of, or

to take into account, to take into consideration; to notice.

=Of their doings, God takes no account.8 Milton. P A writ of

account (Law), a writ which the plaintiff brings demanding

that the defendant shall render his just account, or show

good cause to the contrary; P called also an action of

account.

Cowell.

Syn. P Narrative; narration; relation; recital; description;

explanation; rehearsal. P Account, Narrative, Narration,

Recital. These words are applied to different modes of

rehearsing a series of events. Account turns attention not

so much to the speaker as to the fact related, and more

properly applies to the report of some single event, or a

group of incidents taken as whole; as, an account of a

battle, of a shipwreck, etc. A narrative is a continuous

story of connected incidents, such as one friend might tell

to another; as, a narrative of the events of a siege, a

narrative of one's life, etc. Narration is usually the same

as narrative, but is sometimes used to describe the mode of

relating events; as, his powers of narration are uncommonly

great. Recital denotes a series of events drawn out into

minute particulars, usually expressing something which

peculiarly interests the feelings of the speaker; as, the

recital of one's wrongs, disappointments, sufferings, etc.

AcOcount6 (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accounted; p. pr. & vb.

n. Accounting.] [OE. acounten, accompten, OF. aconter; . (L.

ad) + conter to tell, compter to count, L. computare. See

Count, v. t.]

1. To reckon; to compute; to count. [Obs.]

The motion of... the sun whereby years are accounted.

Sir T. Browne.

2. To place to one's account; to put to the credit of; to

assign; P with to. [R.]

Clarendon.

3. To value, estimate, or hold in opinion; to judge or

consider; to deem.

Accounting that God was able to raise him up.

Heb. xi. 19.

4. To recount; to relate. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

AcOcount6, v. i. 1. To render or receive an account or

relation of particulars; as, an officer must account with or

to the treasurer for money received.

2. To render an account; to answer in judgment; P with for;

as, we must account for the use of our opportunities.

3. To give a satisfactory reason; to tell the cause of; to

explain; P with for; as, idleness accounts for poverty.

To account of, to esteem; to prize; to value. Now used only

in the passive. =I account of her beauty.8

Shak.

Newer was preaching more accounted of than in the sixteenth

century.

Canon Robinson.

AcOcount6aObil7aObil6iOty (#), n. The state of being

accountable; liability to be called on to render an account;

accountableness. =The awful idea of accountability.8

R. Hall.

AcOcount6aOble (#), a. 1. Liable to be called on to render

an account; answerable; as, every man is accountable to God

for his conduct.

2. Capable of being accounted for; explicable. [R.]

True religion... intelligible, rational, and accountable, P

not a burden but a privilege.

B. Whichcote.

Syn. P Amenable; responsible; liable; answerable.

AcOcount6aOble ness, n. The quality or state of being

accountable; accountability.

AcOcount6aObly, adv. In an accountable manner.

AcOcount6anOcy (#), n. The art or employment of an

accountant.

AcOcount6ant (#), n. [Cf. F. accomptant, OF. acontant, p.

pr.] 1. One who renders account; one accountable.

2. A reckoner.

3. One who is skilled in, keeps, or adjusts, accounts; an

officer in a public office, who has charge of the accounts.

Accountatn general, the head or superintending accountant in

certain public offices. Also, formerly, an officer in the

English court of chancery who received the moneys paid into

the court, and deposited them in the Bank of England.

AcOcount6ant, a. Accountable. [Obs.]

Shak.

AcOcount6antOship (#), n. [Accountant + Oship.] The office

or employment of an accountant.

AcOcount6 book7 (#). A book in which accounts are kept.

Swift.

AcOco6ple (#), v. t. [OF. acopler, F. accoupler. See

Couple.] To join; to couple. [R.]

The Englishmen accoupled themselves with the Frenchmen.

Hall.

AcOcou6pleOment (#), n. [Cf. F. accouplement.] 1. The act of

coupling, or the state of being coupled; union. [R.]

Caxton.

2. That which couples, as a tie or brace. [R.]

AcOcour6age (#), v. t. [OF. acoragier; . (L. ad) + corage.

See Courage.] To encourage. [Obs.]

AcOcourt6 (#), v. t. [AcO, for L. ad. See Court.] To treat

courteously; to court. [Obs.]

Spenser.

AcOcou6ter, AcOcou6tre } (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accoutered

or Accoutred (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Accoutering or

Accoutring.] [F. accouter, OF. accoutrer, accoustrer; . (L.

ad) + perh. LL. custor, for custos guardian, sacristan (cf.

Custody), or perh. akin to E. guilt.] To furnish with dress,

or equipments, esp. those for military service; to equip; to

attire; to array.

Bot accoutered like young men.

Shak.

For this, in rags accoutered are they seen.

Dryden.

Accoutered with his burden and his staff.

Wordsworth.

AcOcou6terOments, AcOcou6treOments } (#), n. pl. [F.

accoutrement, earlier also accoustrement, earlier also

accoustrement. See Accouter.] Dress; trappings; equipment;

specifically, the devices and equipments worn by soldiers.

How gay with all the accouterments of war!

A. Philips.

AcOcoy6 (#), v. t. [OF. acoyer; acO, for L. ad. See Coy.] 1.

To render quiet; to soothe. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

2. To subdue; to tame; to daunt. [Obs.]

Then is your careless courage accoyed.

Spenser.

AcOcred6it (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accredited; p. pr. & vb.

n. Accrediting.] [F. accr.diter; . (L. ad) + cr.dit credit.

See Credit.] 1. To put or bring into credit; to invest with

credit or authority; to sanction.

His censure will... accredit his praises.

Cowper.

These reasons... which accredit and fortify mine opinion.

Shelton.

2. To send with letters credential, as an ambassador, envoy,

or diplomatic agent; to authorize, as a messenger or

delegate.

Beton... was accredited to the Court of France.

Froude.

3. To believe; to credit; to put trust in.

The version of early Roman history which was accredited in

the fifth century.

Sir G. C. Lewis.

He accredited and repeated stories of apparitions and

witchcraft.

Southey.

4. To credit; to vouch for or consider (some one) as doing

something, or (something) as belonging to some one.

To accredit (one) with (something), to attribute something

to him; as, Mr. Clay was accredited with these views; they

accredit him with a wise saying.

AcOcred7iOta6tion (#), n. The act of accrediting; as,

letters of accreditation.

Ac7creOmenOti6tial (#), a. (Physiol.) Pertaining to

accremention.

Ac7creOmenOti6tion (#), n. [See Accresce, Increment.]

(Physiol.) The process of generation by development of

blastema, or fission of cells, in which the new formation is

in all respect like the individual from which it proceeds.

AcOcresce6 (#), v. i. [L. accrescere. See Accrue.] 1. To

accrue. [R.]

2. To increase; to grow. [Obs.]

Gillespie.

AcOcres6cence (#), n. [LL. accrescentia.] Continuous growth;

an accretion. [R.]

The silent accrescence of belief from the unwatched

depositions of a general, never contradicted hearsy.

Coleridge.

AcOcres6cent (#), a. [L. accrescens, Oentis, p. pr. of

accrescere; ad + crescere to grow. See Crescent.]

1. Growing; increasing.

Shuckford.

2. (Bot.) Growing larger after flowering.

Gray.

AcOcrete6 (#), v. i. [From L. accretus, p. p. of accrescere

to increase.] 1. To grow together.

2. To adhere; to grow (to); to be added; P with to.

AcOcrete6, v. t. To make adhere; to add.

Earle.

AcOcrete6, a. 1. Characterized by accretion; made up; as,

accrete matter.

2. (Bot.) Grown together.

Gray.

AcOcre6tion (#), n. [L. accretio, fr. accrescere to

increase. Cf. Crescent, Increase, Accrue.]

1. The act of increasing by natural growth; esp. the

increase of organic bodies by the internal accession of

parts; organic growth.

Arbuthnot.

2. The act of increasing, or the matter added, by an

accession of parts externally; an extraneous addition; as,

an accretion of earth.

A mineral... augments not by grown, but by accretion.

Owen.

To strip off all the subordinate parts of his as a later

accretion.

Sir G. C. Lewis.

3. Concretion; coherence of separate particles; as, the

accretion of particles so as to form a solid mass.

4. A growing together of parts naturally separate, as of the

fingers toes.

Dana.

5. (Law) (a) The adhering of property to something else, by

which the owner of one thing becomes possessed of a right to

another; generally, gain of land by the washing up of sand

or sail from the sea or a river, or by a gradual recession

of the water from the usual watermark. (b) Gain to an heir

or legatee, failure of a coheir to the same succession, or a

coPlegatee of the same thing, to take his share.

Wharton. Kent.

AcOcre6tive (#), a. Relating to accretion; increasing, or

adding to, by growth.

Glanvill.

AcOcrim6iOnate (#), v. t. [L. acO (for ad to) + criminari.]

To accuse of a crime. [Obs.] P AcOcrim7iOna6tion (#), n.

[Obs.]

AcOcroach6 (#), v. t. [OE. acrochen, accrochen, to obtain,

OF. acrochier, F. accrocher; . (L. ad) + croc hook (E.

crook).] 1. To hook, or draw to one's self as with a hook.

[Obs.]

2. To usurp, as jurisdiction or royal prerogatives.

They had attempted to accroach to themselves royal power.

Stubbs.

AcOcroach6ment (#), n. [Cf. F. accrochement.] An

encroachment; usurpation. [Obs.]

Bailey.

AcOcru6al (#), n. Accrument. [R.]

AcOcrue6 (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Accrued (#); p. pr. & vb.

n. Accruing.] [See Accrue, n., and cf. Accresce, Accrete.]

1. To increase; to augment.

And though power failed, her courage did accrue.

Spenser.

2. To come to by way of increase; to arise or spring as a

growth or result; to be added as increase, profit, or

damage, especially as the produce of money lent. =Interest

accrues to principal.8

Abbott.

The great and essential advantages accruing to society from

the freedom of the press.

Junius.

AcOcrue6, n. [F. accr., OF. acr??, p. p. of accro?tre, OF.

acroistre to increase; L. ad + crescere to increase. Cf.

Accretion, Crew. See Crescent.] Something that accrues;

advantage accruing. [Obs.]

AcOcru6er (#), n. (Law) The act of accruing; accretion; as,

title by accruer.

AcOcru6ment (#), n. The process of accruing, or that which

has accrued; increase.

Jer. Taylor.

Ac7cuOba6tion (#), n. [L. accubatio, for accubatio, fr.

accubare to recline; ad + cubare to lie down. See Accumb.]

The act or posture of reclining on a couch, as practiced by

the ancients at meals.

AcOcumb6 (#), v. i. [L. accumbere; ad + cumbere (only in

compounds) to lie down.] To recline, as at table. [Obs.]

Bailey.

AcOcum6benOcy (#), n. The state of being accumbent or

reclining. [R.]

AcOcum6bent (#), a. 1. Leaning or reclining, as the ancient?

did at their meals.

The Roman.. accumbent posture in eating.

Arbuthnot.

2. (Bot.) Lying against anything, as one part of a leaf

against another leaf.

Gray.

Accumbent cotyledons have their edges placed against the

caulicle.

Eaton.

AcOcum6bent, n. One who reclines at table.

AcOcum6ber (#), v. t. To encumber. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

AcOcu6muOlate (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accumulated (#); p.

pr. & vb. n. Accumulating.] [L. accumulatus, p. p. of

accumulare; ad + cumulare to heap. See Cumulate.] To heap up

in a mass; to pile up; to collect or bring together; to

amass; as, to accumulate a sum of money.

Syn. P To collect; pile up; store; amass; gather; aggregate;

heap together; hoard.

p. 14

AcOcu6muOlate (#), v. i. To grow or increase in quantity or

number; to increase greatly.

Ill fares the land, to hastening ills a prey,

Where wealth accumulates, and men decay.

Goldsmith.

AcOcu6muOlate (#), a. [L. accumulatus, p. p. of accumulare.]

Collected; accumulated.

Bacon.

AcOcu7muOla6tion (#), n. [L. accumulatio; cf. F.

accumulation.] 1. The act of accumulating, the state of

being accumulated, or that which is accumulated; as, an

accumulation of earth, of sand, of evils, of wealth, of

honors.

2. (Law) The concurrence of several titles to the same

proof.

Accumulation of energy or power, the storing of energy by

means of weights lifted or masses put in motion; electricity

stored. P An accumulation of degrees (Eng. Univ.), the

taking of several together, or at smaller intervals than

usual or than is allowed by the rules.

AcOcu6muOlaOtive (#), a. Characterized by accumulation;

serving to collect or amass; cumulative; additional. P

AcOcu6muOlaOtiveOly, adv. P AcOcu6muOlaOtiveOness, n.

AcOcu6muOla7tor (#), n. [L.] 1. One who, or that which,

accumulates, collects, or amasses.

2. (Mech.) An apparatus by means of which energy or power

can be stored, such as the cylinder or tank for storing

water for hydraulic elevators, the secondary or storage

battery used for accumulating the energy of electrical

charges, etc.

3. A system of elastic springs for relieving the strain upon

a rope, as in deepPsea dredging.

Ac6cuOraOcy (#; 277), n. [See Accurate.] The state of being

accurate; freedom from mistakes, this exemption arising from

carefulness; exact conformity to truth, or to a rule or

model; precision; exactness; nicety; correctness; as, the

value of testimony depends on its accuracy.

The professed end [of logic] is to teach men to think, to

judge, and to reason, with precision and accuracy.

Reid.

The accuracy with which the piston fits the sides.

Lardner.

Ac6cuOrate (#), a. [L. accuratus, p. p. and a., fr. accurare

to take care of; ad + curare to take care, cura care. See

Cure.] 1. In exact or careful conformity to truth, or to

some standard of requirement, the result of care or pains;

free from failure, error, or defect; exact; as, an accurate

calculator; an accurate measure; accurate expression,

knowledge, etc.

2. Precisely fixed; executed with care; careful. [Obs.]

Those conceive the celestial bodies have more accurate

influences upon these things below.

Bacon.

Syn. P Correct; exact; just; nice; particular. P Accurate,

Correct, Exact, Precise. We speak of a thing as correct with

reference to some rule or standard of comparison; as, a

correct account, a correct likeness, a man of correct

deportment. We speak of a thing as accurate with reference

to the care bestowed upon its execution, and the increased

correctness to be expected therefrom; as, an accurate

statement, an accurate detail of particulars. We speak of a

thing as exact with reference to that perfected state of a

thing in which there is no defect and no redundance; as, an

exact coincidence, the exact truth, an exact likeness. We

speak of a thing as precise when we think of it as strictly

conformed to some rule or model, as if cut down thereto; as

a precise conformity instructions; precisely right; he was

very precise in giving his directions.

Ac6cuOrateOly, adv. In an accurate manner; exactly;

precisely; without error or defect.

Ac6cuOrateOness, n. The state or quality of being accurate ;

accuracy; exactness; nicety; precision.

AcOcurse6 (#), v. t. [OE. acursien, acorsien; pref. a +

cursien to curse. See Curse.] To devote to destruction; to

imprecate misery or evil upon; to curse; to execrate; to

anathematize.

And the city shall be accursed.

Josh. vi. 17.

Thro' you, my life will be accurst.

Tennyson.

AcOcursed6 (#), AcOcurst6 (#), } p. p. & a. Doomed to

destruction or misery; cursed; hence, bad enough to be under

the curse; execrable; detestable; exceedingly hateful; P as,

an accursed deed. Shak. P AcOcurs6edOly, adv. P

AcOcurs6edOness, n.

AcOcus6aOble (#), a. [L. accusabilis: cf. F. accusable.]

Liable to be accused or censured; chargeable with a crime or

fault; blamable; P with of.

AcOcus6al (#), n. Accusation. [R.]

Byron.

AcOcus6ant (#), n. [L. accusans, p. pr. of accusare: cf. F.

accusant.] An accuser.

Bp. Hall.

Ac7cuOsa6tion (#), n. [OF. acusation, F. accusation, L.

accusatio, fr. accusare. See Accuse.]

1. The act of accusing or charging with a crime or with a

lighter offense.

We come not by the way of accusation

To taint that honor every good tongue blesses.

Shak.

2. That of which one is accused; the charge of an offense or

crime, or the declaration containing the charge.

[They] set up over his head his accusation.

Matt. xxvii. 37.

Syn. P Impeachment; crimination; censure; charge.

AcOcu7saOti6val (#), a. Pertaining to the accusative case.

AcOcu6saOtive (#), a. [F. accusatif, L. accusativus (in

sense 2), fr. accusare. See Accuse.]

1. Producing accusations; accusatory. =This hath been a very

accusative age.8

Sir E. Dering.

2. (Gram.) Applied to the case (as the fourth case of Latin

and Greek nouns) which expresses the immediate object on

which the action or influence of a transitive verb

terminates, or the immediate object of motion or tendency

to, expressed by a preposition. It corresponds to the

objective case in English.

AcOcu6saOtive, n. (Gram.) The accusative case.

AxOcu6saOtiveOly, adv. 1. In an accusative manner.

2. In relation to the accusative case in grammar.

AcOcu7saOto6riOal (#), a. Accusatory.

AcOcu7saOto6riOalOly, adv. By way accusation.

AcOcu6saOtoOry (#), a. [L. accusatorius, fr. accusare.]

Pertaining to, or containing, an accusation; as, an

accusatory libel.

Grote.

AcOcuse6 (#), n. Accusation. [Obs.]

Shak.

AcOcuse6, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accused (#); p. pr. & vb. n.

Accusing.] [OF. acuser, F. accuser, L. accusare, to call to

account, accuse; ad + causa cause, lawsuit. Cf. Cause.] 1.

To charge with, or declare to have committed, a crime or

offense; (Law) to charge with an offense, judicially or by a

public process; P with of; as, to accuse one of a high crime

or misdemeanor.

Neither can they prove the things whereof they now accuse

me.

Acts xxiv. 13.

We are accused of having persuaded Austria and Sardinia to

lay down their arms.

Macaulay.

2. To charge with a fault; to blame; to censure.

Their thoughts the meanwhile accusing or else excusing one

another.

Rom. ii. 15.

3. To betray; to show. [L.]

Sir P. Sidney.

Syn. P To charge; blame; censure; reproach; criminate;

indict; impeach; arraign. P To Accuse, Charge, Impeach,

Arraign. These words agree in bringing home to a person the

imputation of wrongdoing. To accuse is a somewhat formal

act, and is applied usually (though not exclusively) to

crimes; as, to accuse of treason. Charge is the most

generic. It may refer to a crime, a dereliction of duty, a

fault, etc.; more commonly it refers to moral delinquencies;

as, to charge with dishonesty or falsehood. To arraign is to

bring (a person) before a tribunal for trial; as, to arraign

one before a court or at the bar public opinion. To impeach

is officially to charge with misbehavior in office; as, to

impeach a minister of high crimes. Both impeach and arraign

convey the idea of peculiar dignity or impressiveness.

AcOcused6 (#), a. Charged with offense; as, an accused

person.

Commonly used substantively; as, the accused, one charged

with an offense; the defendant in a criminal case.

AcOcuse6ment (#), n. [OF. acusement. See Accuse.]

Accusation. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

AcOcus6er (#), n. [OE. acuser, accusour; cf. OF. acuseor,

fr. L. accusator, fr. accusare.] One who accuses; one who

brings a charge of crime or fault.

AcOcus6ingOly, adv. In an accusing manner.

AcOcus6tom (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accustomed (#); p. pr. &

vb. n. Accustoming.] [OF. acostumer, acustumer, F.

accoutumer; ? (L. ad) + OF. costume, F. coutume, custom. See

Custom.] To make familiar by use; to habituate, familiarize,

or inure; P with to.

I shall always fear that he who accustoms himself to fraud

in little things, wants only opportunity to practice it in

greater.

Adventurer.

Syn. P To habituate; inure; exercise; train.

AcOcus6tom, v. i. 1. To be wont. [Obs.]

Carew.

2. To cohabit. [Obs.]

We with the best men accustom openly; you with the basest

commit private adulteries.

Milton.

AcOcus6tom, n. Custom. [Obs.]

Milton.

AcOcus6tomOaOble (#), a. Habitual; customary; wonted.

=Accustomable goodness.8

Latimer.

AcOcus6tomOaObly, adv. According to custom; ordinarily;

customarily.

Latimer.

AcOcus6tomOance (#), n. [OF. accoustumance, F.

accoutumance.] Custom; habitual use. [Obs.]

Boyle.

AcOcust6tomOaOriOly (#), adv. Customarily. [Obs.]

AcOcus6tomOaOry (#), a. Usual; customary. [Archaic]

Featley.

AcOcus6tomed (#), a. 1. Familiar through use; usual;

customary. =An accustomed action.8

Shak.

2. Frequented by customers. [Obs.] =A well accustomed shop.8

Smollett.

AcOcus6tomedOness, n. Habituation.

Accustomedness to sin hardens the heart.

Bp. Pearce.

Ace (#), n.; pl. Aces (#). [OE. as, F. as, fr. L. as, assis,

unity, copper coin, the unit of coinage. Cf. As.]

1. A unit; a single point or spot on a card or die; the card

or die so marked; as, the ace of diamonds.

2. Hence: A very small quantity or degree; a particle; an

atom; a jot.

I 'll not wag an ace further.

Dryden.

To bate an ace, to make the least abatement. [Obs.] P Within

an ace of, very near; on the point of.

W. Irving.

AOcel6daOma (#), n. [Gr. ?, fr. Syr. ?k?l dam? the field of

blood.] The potter's field, said to have lain south of

Jerusalem, purchased with the bribe which Judas took for

betraying his Master, and therefore called the field of

blood. Fig.: A field of bloodshed.

The system of warfare... which had already converted immense

tracts into one universal aceldama.

De Quincey.

AOcen6tric (#), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? a point, a center.] Not

centered; without a center.

Ac6eOphal (#), n. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? head: cf. F. ac.phale,

LL. acephalus.] (Zo.l.) One of the Acephala.

X AOceph6aOla (#), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, adj. neut. pl.,

headless. See Acephal.] (Zo.l.) That division of the

Mollusca which includes the bivalve shells, like the clams

and oysters; P so called because they have no evident head.

Formerly the group included the Tunicata, Brachiopoda, and

sometimes the Bryozoa. See Mollusca.

AOceph6aOlan (#), n. Same as Acephal.

AOceph6aOlan, a. (Zo.l.) Belonging to the Acephala.

X AOceph6aOli (#), n. pl. [LL., pl. of acephalus. See

Acephal.] 1. A fabulous people reported by ancient writers

to have heads.

2. (Eccl. Hist.) (a) A Christian sect without a leader. (b)

Bishops and certain clergymen not under regular diocesan

control.

3. A class of levelers in the time of K. Henry I.

AOceph6aOlist (#), n. One who acknowledges no head or

superior.

Dr. Gauden.

AOceph6aOloOcyst (#), n. [Gr. ? without a head + ? bladder.]

(Zo.l.) A larval entozo.n in the form of a subglobular or

oval vesicle, or hy datid, filled with fluid, sometimes

found in the tissues of man and the lower animals; P so

called from the absence of a head or visible organs on the

vesicle. These cysts are the immature stages of certain

tapeworms. Also applied to similar cysts of different

origin.

AOceph7aOloOcys6tic (#), a. Pertaining to, or resembling,

the acephalocysts.

AOceph6aOlous (#), a. [See Acephal.]

1. Headless.

2. (Zo.l.) Without a distinct head; P a term applied to

bivalve mollusks.

3. (Bot.) Having the style spring from the base, instead of

from the apex, as is the case in certain ovaries.

4. Without a leader or chief.

5. Wanting the beginning.

A false or acephalous structure of sentence.

De Quincey.

6. (Pros.) Deficient and the beginning, as a line of poetry.

Brande.

Ac6erOate (#), n. [See Aceric.] (Chem.) A combination of

aceric acid with a salifiable base.

Ac6erOate, a. Acerose; needleOshaped.

AOcerb6 (#), a. [L. acerbus, fr. acer sharp: cf. F. acerbe.

See Acrid.] Sour, bitter, and harsh to the taste, as unripe

fruit; sharp and harsh.

AOcerb6ate (#), v. t. [L. acerbatus, p. p. of acerbare, fr.

acerbus.] To sour; to imbitter; to irritate.

AOcerb6ic (#), a. Sour or severe.

AOcerb6iOtude (#), n. [L. acerbitudo, fr. acerbus.] Sourness

and harshness. [Obs.]

Bailey.

AOcerb6iOty (#), n. [F. acerbit., L. acerbitas, fr. acerbus.

See Acerb.] 1. Sourness of taste, with bitterness and

astringency, like that of unripe fruit.

2. Harshness, bitterness, or severity; as, acerbity of

temper, of language, of pain.

Barrow.

AOcer6ic (#), a. [L. acer maple.] Pertaining to, or obtained

from, the maple; as, aceric acid.

Ure.

Ac6erOose7 (#), a. [(a) L. acerosus chaffy, fr. acus, gen.

aceris, chaff; (b) as if fr. L. acus needle: cf. F.

ac.reux.] (Bot.) (a) Having the nature of chaff; chaffy. (b)

NeedlePshaped, having a sharp, rigid point, as the leaf of

the pine.

Ac6erOous (#), a. Same as Acerose.

Ac6erOous, a. [Gr. priv. + a horn.] (Zo.l.) (a)

Destitute of tentacles, as certain mollusks. (b) Without

antenn., as some insects.

AOcer6val (#), a. [L. acervalis, fr. acervus heap.]

Pertaining to a heap. [Obs.]

AOcer6vate (#), v. t. [L. acervatus, p. p. of acervare to

heap up, fr. acervus heap.] To heap up. [Obs.]

AOcer6vate (#), a. Heaped, or growing in heaps, or closely

compacted clusters.

Ac7erOva6tion (#), n. [L. acervatio.] A heaping up;

accumulation. [R.]

Johnson.

AOcer6vaOtive (#), a. Heaped up; tending to heap up.

AOcer6vose (#), a. Full of heaps. [R.]

Bailey.

AOcer6vuOline (#), a. Resembling little heaps.

AOces6cence (#), AOces6cenOcy (#), } n. [Cf. F. acescence.

See Acescent.] The quality of being acescent; the process of

acetous fermentation; a moderate degree of sourness.

Johnson.

AOces6cent (#), a. [L. acescens, Oentis, p. pr. of acescere

to turn sour; inchoative of acere to be sour: cf. F.

acescent. See Acid.] Turning sour; readily becoming tart or

acid; slightly sour.

Faraday.

AOces6cent, n. A substance liable to become sour.

Ac6eOtaOble (#), n. An acetabulum; or about one eighth of a

pint. [Obs.]

Holland.

Ac7eOtab6uOlar (#), a. CupOshaped; saucerPshaped;

acetabuliform.

X Ac7eOtab7uOlif6eOra (#), n. pl. [NL. See Acetabuliferous.]

(Zo.l.) The division of Cephalopoda in which the arms are

furnished with cupPshaped suckers, as the cuttlefishes,

squids, and octopus; the Dibranchiata. See Cephalopoda.

Ac7eOtab7uOlif6erOous (#), a. [L. acetablum a little cup +

Oferous.] Furnished with fleshy cups for adhering to bodies,

as cuttlefish, etc.

Ac7eOtab6uOliOform (#), a. [L. acetabulum + Oform.] (Bot.)

Shaped like a shallow; saucerPshaped; as, an acetabuliform

calyx.

Gray.

X Ac7eOtab6uOlum (#), n. [L., a little saucer for vinegar,

fr. acetum vinegar, fr. acere to be sour.]

1. (Rom. Antiq.) A vinegar cup; socket of the hip bone; a

measure of about one eighth of a pint, etc.

2. (Anat.) (a) The bony cup which receives the head of the

thigh bone. (b) The cavity in which the leg of an insect is

inserted at its articulation with the body. (c) A sucker of

the sepia or cuttlefish and related animals. (d) The large

posterior sucker of the leeches. (e) One of the lobes of the

placenta in ruminating animals.

Ac6eOtal (#), n. [Aceic + alcohol.] (Chem.) A limpid,

colorless, inflammable liquid from the slow oxidation of

alcohol under the influence of platinum black.

Ac7etOal6deOhyde (#), n. Acetic aldehyde. See Aldehyde.

Ac7etOam6ide (#), n. [Acetyl + amide.] (Chem.) A white

crystalline solid, from ammonia by replacement of an

equivalent of hydrogen by acetyl.

Ac7etOan6iOlide (#), n. [Acetyl + anilide.] (Med.) A

compound of aniline with acetyl, used to allay fever or

pain; P called also antifebrine.

Ac7eOta6riOous (#), a. [L. acetaria, n. pl., salad, fr.

acetum vinegar, fr. acere to be sour.] Used in salads; as,

acetarious plants.

p. 15

Ac6eOtaOry (#), n. [L. acetaria salad plants.] An acid pulp

in certain fruits, as the pear.

Grew.

Ac6eOtate (#), n. [L. acetum vinegar, fr. acere to be sour.]

(Chem.) A salt formed by the union of acetic acid with a

base or positive radical; as, acetate of lead, acetate of

potash.

Ac6eOta7ted (#), a. Combined with acetic acid.

AOce6tic (#; 277), a. [L. acetum vinegar, fr. acere to be

sour.] (Chem.) (a) Of a pertaining to vinegar; producing

vinegar; producing vinegar; as, acetic fermentation. (b)

Pertaining to, containing, or derived from, acetyl, as

acetic ether, acetic acid. The latter is the acid to which

the sour taste of vinegar is due.

AOcet7iOfiOca6tion (#), n. The act of making acetous or

sour; the process of converting, or of becoming converted,

into vinegar.

AOcet6iOfi7er (#), n. An apparatus for hastening

acetification.

Knight.

AOcet6iOfy (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acetified (#); p. pr. &

vb. n. Acetifying (#).] [L. acetum vinegar + Ofly.] To

convert into acid or vinegar.

AOcet6iOfy, v. i. To turn acid.

Encyc. Dom. Econ.

Ac7eOtim6eOter (#), n. [L. acetum vinegar + Ometer: cf. F.

ac.tim

tre.] An instrument for estimating the amount of

acetic acid in vinegar or in any liquid containing acetic

acid.

Ac7eOtim6eOtry (#), n. The act or method of ascertaining the

strength of vinegar, or the proportion of acetic acid

contained in it.

Ure.

Ac6eOtin (#), n. (Chem.) A combination of acetic acid with

glycerin.

Brande & C.

Ac6eOtize (#), v. i. To acetify. [R.]

Ac7eOtom6eOter (#), n. Same as Acetimeter.

Brande & C.

Ac6eOtone (#), n. [See Acetic.] (Chem.) A volatile liquid

consisting of three parts of carbon, six of hydrogen, and

one of oxygen; pyroacetic spirit, P obtained by the

distillation of certain acetates, or by the destructive

distillation of citric acid, starch, sugar, or gum, with

quicklime.

5 The term in also applied to a number of bodies of similar

constitution, more frequently called ketones. See Ketone.

Ac7eOton6ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to acetone; as,

acetonic bodies.

Ac6eOtose (#), a. Sour like vinegar; acetous.

Ac7eOtos6iOty (#), n. [LL. acetositas. See Acetous.] The

quality of being acetous; sourness.

AOce6tous (#; 277), a. [L. acetum vinegar, fr. acere to be

sour.] 1. Having a sour taste; sour; acid. =An acetous

spirit.8 Boyle. =A liquid of an acetous kind.8

Bp. Lowth.

2. Causing, or connected with, acetification; as, acetous

fermentation.

Acetous acid, a name formerly given to vinegar<-- which

contains acetic acid -->.

Ac6eOtyl (#), n. [L. acetum vinegar + Gr. ? substance. See

Oyl.] (Chem.) A complex, hypothetical radical, composed of

two parts of carbon to three of hydrogen and one of oxygen.

Its hydroxide is acetic acid.

AOcet6yOlene (#), n. (Chem.) A gaseous compound of carbon

and hydrogen, in the proportion of two atoms of the former

to two of the latter. It is a colorless gas, with a

peculiar, unpleasant odor, and is produced for use as an

illuminating gas in a number of ways, but chiefly by the

action of water on calcium carbide. Its light is very

brilliant.

Watts.

Ach, Ache } (#), n. [F. ache, L. apium parsley.] A name

given to several species of plants; as, smallage, wild

celery, parsley. [Obs.]

Holland.

AOch.6an (#), AOcha6ian (#) } a. [L. Achaeus, Achaius; Gr.

?.] Of or pertaining to Achaia in Greece; also, Grecian. P

n. A native of Achaia; a Greek.

X AOchar6neOment (#), n. [F.] Savage fierceness; ferocity.

Ach6ate (#), n. An agate. [Obs.]

Evelyn.

AOchate6 (#), n. [F. achat purchase. See Cates.]

1. Purchase; bargaining. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

2. pl. Provisions. Same as Cates. [Obs.]

Spenser.

X Ach7aOti6na (#), n. [NL., from Gr. ? agate.] (Zo.l.) A

genus of land snails, often large, common in the warm parts

of America and Africa.

AOchaOtour6 (#), n. [See Cater.] Purveyor; acater. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Ache (#), n. [OE. ache, AS. .ce, ece, fr. acan to ache. See

Ache, v. i.] Continued pain, as distinguished from sudden

twinges, or spasmodic pain. =Such an ache in my bones.=

Shak.

5 Often used in composition, as, a headache, an earache, a

toothache.

Ache (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Ached (#); p. pr. & vb. n.

Aching (#).] [OE. aken, AS. acan, both strong verbs, AS.

acan, imp. ?c, p. p. acen, to ache; perh. orig. to drive,

and akin to agent.] To suffer pain; to have, or be in, pain,

or in continued pain; to be distressed. =My old bones ache.8

Shak.

The sins that in your conscience ache.

Keble.

AOche6an (#), a & n. See Ach.an, Achaian.

AOchene6 (#), AOche6niOum (#) } n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? to

gape.] (Bot.) A small, dry, indehiscent fruit, containing a

single seed, as in the buttercup; P called a naked seed by

the earlier botanists. [Written also akene and ach.nium.]

AOche6niOal (#), a. Pertaining to an achene.

Ach6eOron (#), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?.] (Myth.) A river in the

Nether World or infernal regions; also, the infernal regions

themselves. By some of the English poets it was supposed to

be a flaming lake or gulf.

Shak.

Ach7eOron6tic (#), a. Of or pertaining to Acheron; infernal;

hence, dismal, gloomy; moribund.

AOchiev6aOble (#), a. Capable of being achieved.

Barrow.

AOchiev6ance (#), n. [Cf. OF. achevance.] Achievement.

[Obs.]

Sir T. Elyot.

AOchieve6 (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Achieved (#); p. pr. &

vb. n. Achieving (#).] [OE. acheven, OF. achever, achiever,

F. achever, to finish; ? (L. ad) + OF. chief, F. chef, end,

head, fr. L. caput head. See Chief.] 1. To carry on to a

final close; to bring out into a perfected state; to

accomplish; to perform; P as, to achieve a feat, an exploit,

an enterprise.

Supposing faculties and powers to be the same, far more may

be achieved in any line by the aid of a capital,

invigorating motive than without it.

I. Taylor.

2. To obtain, or gain, as the result of exertion; to succeed

in gaining; to win.

Some are born great, some achieve greatness.

Shak.

Thou hast achieved our liberty.

Milton.

[Obs., with a material thing as the aim.]

Show all the spoils by valiant kings achieved.

Prior.

He hath achieved a maid

That paragons description.

Shak.

3. To finish; to kill. [Obs.]

Shak.

Syn. P To accomplish; effect; fulfill; complete; execute;

perform; realize; obtain. See Accomplish.

AOchieve6ment (#), n. [Cf. F. ach

vement, E. Hatchment.] 1.

The act of achieving or performing; an obtaining by

exertion; successful performance; accomplishment; as, the

achievement of his object.

2. A great or heroic deed; something accomplished by valor,

boldness, or praiseworthy exertion; a feat.

[The exploits] of the ancient saints... do far surpass the

most famous achievements of pagan heroes.

Barrow.

The highest achievements of the human intellect.

Macaulay.

3. (Her.) An escutcheon or ensign armorial; now generally

applied to the funeral shield commonly called hatchment.

Cussans.

AOchiev6er (#), n. One who achieves; a winner.

Ach7ilOle6an (#), a. Resembling Achilles, the hero of the

Iliad; invincible.

AOchil6les' ten6don (#), n. [L. Achillis tendo.] (Anat.) The

strong tendon formed of the united tendons of the large

muscles in the calf of the leg, an inserted into the bone of

the heel; P so called from the mythological account of

Achilles being held by the heel when dipped in the River

Styx.

AOchi6lous (#), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? lip.] (Bot.) Without a

lip.

Ach6ing (#), a. That aches; continuously painful. See Ache.

P Ach6ingOly, adv.

The aching heart, the aching head.

Longfellow.

X A7chiOo6te (#), n. [Sp. achiote, fr. Indian achiotl.]

Seeds of the annotto tree; also, the coloring matter,

annotto.

AOchlam6yOdate (#), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ?. ?. a short cloak.]

(Zo.l.) Not possessing a mantle; P said of certain

gastropods.

Ach7laOmyd6eOous (#), a. (Bot.) Naked; having no floral

envelope, neither calyx nor corolla.

X AOcho6liOa (#), n. [NL., from Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? bile.]

(Med.) Deficiency or want of bile.

Ach6oOlous (#), a. (Med.) Lacking bile.

Ach7roOmat6ic (#), a. [Gr. ? colorless; ? priv. + ?, ?,

color: cf. F. achromatique.] 1. (Opt.) Free from color;

transmitting light without decomposing it into its primary

colors.

2. (Biol.) Uncolored; not absorbing color from a fluid; P

said of tissue.

Achromatic lens (Opt.), a lens composed usually of two

separate lenses, a convex and concave, of substances having

different refractive and dispersive powers, as crown and

flint glass, with the curvatures so adjusted that the

chromatic aberration produced by the one is corrected by

other, and light emerges from the compound lens

undecomposed. P Achromatic prism. See Prism, P Achromatic

telescope, or microscope, one in which the chromatic

aberration is corrected, usually by means of a compound or

achromatic object glass, and which gives images free from

extraneous color.

Ach7roOmat6icOalOly (#), adv. In an achromatic manner.

Ach7roOmaOtic6iOty (#), n. Achromatism.

AOchro6maOtin (#), n. (Biol.) Tissue which is not stained by

fluid dyes.

W. Flemming.

AOchro6maOtism (#), n. [Cf. F. achromatisme.] The state or

quality of being achromatic; as, the achromatism of a lens;

achromaticity.

Nichol.

AOchro7maOtiOza6tion (#), n. [Cf. F. achromatisation.] The

act or process of achromatizing.

AOchro6maOtize (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Achromatized (#); p.

pr. & vb. n. Achromatizing (#).] [Gr. ? priv. + ? color.] To

deprive of color; to make achromatic.

AOchro6maOtop6sy (#), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? color + ? sight.]

Color blindness; inability to distinguish colors; Daltonism.

AOchron6ic (#), a. See Acronyc.

Ach7roO.Odex6trin (#), n. [Gr. ? colorless + E. dextrin.]

(Physiol. Chem.) Dextrin not colorable by iodine. See

Dextrin.

Ach6roOous (#), a. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? color.] Colorless;

achromatic.

AOchy6lous (#), a. [Gr. ? without juice.] (Physiol.) Without

chyle.

AOchy6mous (#), a. [Gr. ? without juice.] (Physiol.) Without

chyme.

X AOcic6uOla (#), n.; pl. Acicul. (#). [L., a small needle,

dimin. of acus needle.] (Nat. Hist.) One of the needlelike

or bristlelike spines or prickles of some animals and

plants; also, a needlelike crystal.

AOcic6uOlar (#), a. NeedlePshaped; slender like a needle or

bristle, as some leaves or crystals; also, having sharp

points like needless. P AOcic6uOlarOly, adv.

AOcic6uOlate (#), AOcic6uOla6ted (#) } a. (Nat. Hist.) (a)

Furnished with acicul.. (b) Acicular. (c) Marked with fine

irregular streaks as if scratched by a needle.

Lindley.

AOcic6uOliOform (#), a. [L. acicula needle + Oform.]

NeedlePshaped; acicular.

AOcic6uOlite (#), n. (Min.) Needle ore.

Brande & C.

Ac6id (#), a. [L. acidus sour, fr. the root ak to be sharp:

cf. F. acide. Cf. Acute.] 1. Sour, sharp, or biting to the

taste; tart; having the taste of vinegar: as, acid fruits or

liquors. Also fig.: SourPtempered.

He was stern and his face as acid as ever.

A. Trollope.

2. Of or pertaining to an acid; as, acid reaction.

Ac6id, n. 1. A sour substance.

2. (Chem.) One of a class of compounds, generally but not

always distinguished by their sour taste, solubility in

water, and reddening of vegetable blue or violet colors.

They are also characterized by the power of destroying the

distinctive properties of alkalies or bases, combining with

them to form salts, at the same time losing their own

peculiar properties. They all contain hydrogen, united with

a more negative element or radical, either alone, or more

generally with oxygen, and take their names from this

negative element or radical. Those which contain no oxygen

are sometimes called hydracids in distinction from the

others which are called oxygen acids or oxacids.

5 In certain cases, sulphur, selenium, or tellurium may take

the place of oxygen, and the corresponding compounds are

called respectively sulphur acids or sulphacids, selenium

acids, or tellurium acids. When the hydrogen of an acid is

replaced by a positive element or radical, a salt is formed,

and hence acids are sometimes named as salts of hydrogen; as

hydrogen nitrate for nitric acid, hydrogen sulphate for

sulphuric acid, etc. In the old chemistry the name acid was

applied to the oxides of the negative or nonmetallic

elements, now sometimes called anhydrides.

AOcid6ic (#), a. (Min.) Containing a high percentage of

silica; P opposed to basic.

acid, as an acidic solution. PP>

Ac7idOif6erOous (#), a. [L. acidus sour + Oferous.]

Containing or yielding an acid.

AOcid6iOfi7aOble (#), a. Capable of being acidified, or

converted into an acid.

Ac7idOif6ic (#), a. Producing acidity; converting into an

acid.

Dana.

AOcid7iOfiOca6tion (#), n. [Cf. F. acidification.] The act

or process of acidifying, or changing into an acid.

AOcid6iOfi7er (#), n. (Chem.) A simple or compound

principle, whose presence is necessary to produce acidity,

as oxygen, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.

AOcid6iOfy (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acidified (#); p. pr. &

vb. n. Acidifying (#). [L. acidus sour, acid + Ofly: cf. F.

acidifier.] 1. To make acid; to convert into an acid; as, to

acidify sugar.

2. To sour; to imbitter.

His thin existence all acidified into rage.

Carlyle.

Ac7idOim6eOter (#), n. [L. acidus acid + Ometer.] (Chem.) An

instrument for ascertaining the strength of acids.

Ure.

Ac7idOim6eOtry (#), n. [L. acidus acid + Ometry.] (Chem.)

The measurement of the strength of acids, especially by a

chemical process based on the law of chemical combinations,

or the fact that, to produce a complete reaction, a certain

definite weight of reagent is required. P Ac7idOiOmet6ricOal

(#), a.

AOcid6iOty (#), n. [L. acidites, fr. acidus: cf. F. acidit..

See Acid.] The quality of being sour; sourness; tartness;

sharpness to the taste; as, the acidity of lemon juice.

Ac6idOly (#), adv. Sourly; tartly.

Ac6idOness (#), n. Acidity; sourness.

AOcid6uOlate (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acidulated (#); p. pr.

& vb. n. Acidulating (#).] [Cf. F. aciduler. See Acidulous.]

To make sour or acid in a moderate degree; to sour somewhat.

Arbuthnot.

AOcid6uOlent (#), a. Having an acid quality; sour;

acidulous. =With anxious, acidulent face.8

Carlyle.

AOcid6uOlous (#), a. [L. acidulus, dim. of acidus. See

Acid.] Slightly sour; subPacid; sourish; as, an acidulous

tincture.

E. Burke.

Acidulous mineral waters, such as contain carbonic

anhydride.

Ac7iOerOage (#), n. [F. aci.rage, fr. acier steel.] The

process of coating the surface of a metal plate (as a

stereotype plate) with steellike iron by means of voltaic

electricity; steeling.

Ac6iOform (#), a. [L. acus needle + Oform.] Shaped like a

needle.

Ac6iOna6ceous (#), a. [L. acinus a grape, grapestone.]

(Bot.) Containing seeds or stones of grapes, or grains like

them.

X AOcin6aOces (#), n. [L., from Gr. ?.] (Anc. Hist.) A short

sword or saber.

Ac7iOnac6iOform (#), a. [L. acinaces a short sword + Oform:

cf. F. acinaciforme.] (Bot.) ScimeterPshaped; as, an

acinaciform leaf.

X Ac7iOne6siOa (#), n. (Med.) Same as Akinesia.

X Ac7iOne6t. (#), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? immovable.] (Zo.l.)

A group of suctorial Infusoria, which in the adult stage are

stationary. See Suctoria.

Ac7iOnet6iOform (#), a. [Acinet. + Oform.] (Zo.l.)

Resembling the Acinet..

AOcin6iOform (#), a. [L. acinus a grape, grapestone + Oform:

cf. F. acinoforme.] 1. Having the form of a cluster of

grapes; clustered like grapes.

2. Full of small kernels like a grape.

Ac6iOnose7 (#), Ac6iOnous (#) } a. [L. acinosus, fr. acinus

grapestone.] Consisting of acini, or minute granular

concretions; as, acinose or acinous glands.

Kirwan.

p. 16

X Ac6iOnus (#), n.; pl. Acini (#). [L., grape, grapestone.]

1. (Bot.) (a) One of the small grains or drupelets which

make up some kinds of fruit, as the blackberry, raspberry,

etc. (b) A grapestone.

2. (Anat.) One of the granular masses which constitute a

racemose or compound gland, as the pancreas; also, one of

the saccular recesses in the lobules of a racemose gland.

Quain.

X Ac7iOpen6ser (#), n. [L., the name of a fish.] (Zo.l.) A

genus of ganoid fishes, including the sturgeons, having the

body armed with bony scales, and the mouth on the under side

of the head. See Sturgeon.

Ac6iOur7gy (#), n. [Gr. ? a point + ? work.] Operative

surgery.

AcOknow6 (#), v. t. [Pref. aO + know; AS. oncn>wan.] 1. To

recognize. [Obs.] =You will not be acknown, sir.8

B. Jonson.

2. To acknowledge; to confess. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

To be acknown (often with of or on), to acknowledge; to

confess. [Obs.]

We say of a stubborn body that standeth still in the denying

of his fault. This man will now acknowledge his fault, or,

He will not be acknown of his fault.

Sir T. More.

AcOknowl6edge (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acknowledged (#); p.

pr. & vb. n. Acknowledging (#).] [Prob. fr. pref. aO + the

verb knowledge. See Knowledge, and ci. Acknow.] 1. To of or

admit the knowledge of; to recognize as a fact or truth; to

declare one's belief in; as, to acknowledge the being of a

God.

I acknowledge my transgressions.

Ps. li. 3.

For ends generally acknowledged to be good.

Macaulay.

2. To own or recognize in a particular character or

relationship; to admit the claims or authority of; to give

recognition to.

In all thy ways acknowledge Him.

Prov. iii. 6.

By my soul, I'll ne'er acknowledge thee.

Shak.

3. To own with gratitude or as a benefit or an obligation;

as, to acknowledge a favor, the receipt of a letter.

They his gifts acknowledged none.

Milton.

4. To own as genuine; to assent to, as a legal instrument,

to give it validity; to avow or admit in legal form; as, to

acknowledgea deed.

Syn. P To avow; proclaim; recognize; own; admit; allow;

concede; confess. P Acknowledge, Recognize. Acknowledge is

opposed to keep back, or conceal, and supposes that

something had been previously known to us (though perhaps

not to others) which we now feel bound to lay open or make

public. Thus, a man acknowledges a secret marriage; one who

has done wrong acknowledges his fault; and author

acknowledge his obligation to those who have aided him; we

acknowledge our ignorance. Recognize supposes that we have

either forgotten or not had the evidence of a thing

distinctly before our minds, but that now we know it (as it

were) anew, or receive and admit in on the ground of the

evidence it brings. Thus, we recognize a friend after a long

absence. We recognize facts, principles, truths, etc., when

their evidence is brought up fresh to the mind; as, bad men

usually recognize the providence of God in seasons of

danger. A foreign minister, consul, or agent, of any kind,

is recognized on the ground of his producing satisfactory

credentials. See also Confess.

AcOknowl6edgedOly (#), adv. Confessedly.

AcOknowl6edgOer (#), n. One who acknowledges.

AcOknowl6edgOment (#), n. 1. The act of acknowledging;

admission; avowal; owning; confession. =An acknowledgment of

fault.8

Froude.

2. The act of owning or recognized in a particular character

or relationship; recognition as regards the existence,

authority, truth, or genuineness.

Immediately upon the acknowledgment of the Christian faith,

the eunuch was baptized by Philip.

Hooker.

3. The owning of a benefit received; courteous recognition;

expression of thanks.

Shak.

4. Something given or done in return for a favor, message,

etc.

Smollett.

5. A declaration or avowal of one's own act, to give it

legal validity; as, the acknowledgment of a deed before a

proper officer. Also, the certificate of the officer

attesting such declaration.

Acknowledgment money, in some parts of England, a sum paid

by copyhold tenants, on the death of their landlords, as an

acknowledgment of their new lords.

Cowell.

Syn. P Confession; concession; recognition; admission;

avowal; recognizance.

AOclin6ic (#), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? to incline.] (Physics.)

Without inclination or dipping; P said the magnetic needle

balances itself horizontally, having no dip. The aclinic

line is also termed the magnetic equator.

Prof. August.

Ac6me (#), n. [Gr. ? point, top.] 1. The top or highest

point; the culmination.

The very acme and pitch of life for epic poetry.

Pope.

The moment when a certain power reaches the acme of its

supremacy.

I. Taylor.

2. (Med.) The crisis or height of a disease.

3. Mature age; full bloom of life.

B. Jonson.

Ac6ne (#), n. [NL., prob. a corruption of Gr. ?] (Med.) A

pustular affection of the skin, due to changes in the

sebaceous glands.

AcOno6dal (#), a. Pertaining to acnodes.

Ac6node (#), n. [L. acus needle + E. node.] (Geom.) An

isolated point not upon a curve, but whose co.rdinates

satisfy the equation of the curve so that it is considered

as belonging to the curve.

AOcock6 (#), adv. [Pref. aO + cock.] In a cocked or turned

up fashion.

AOcock6bill7 (#), adv. [Prefix aO + cock + bill: with bills

cocked up.] (Naut.) (a) Hanging at the cathead, ready to let

go, as an anchor. (b) Topped up; having one yardarm higher

than the other.

AOcold6 (#), a. [Prob. p. p. of OE. acolen to grow cold or

cool, AS. >c?lian to grow cold; pref. aO (cf. Goth. erO,

orig. meaning out) + c?lian to cool. See Cool.] Cold. [Obs.]

=Poor Tom's acold.8

Shak.

Ac7oOlog6ic (#), a. Pertaining to acology.

AOcol6oOgy (#), n. [Gr. ? remedy + Ology.] Materia medica;

the science of remedies.

AOcol6oOthist (#), n. See Acolythist.

Ac7oOlyc6tine (#), n. [From the name of the plant.] (Chem.)

An organic base, in the form of a white powder, obtained

from Aconitum lycoctonum.

Eng. Cyc.

Ac7oOlyte (#), n. [LL. acolythus, acoluthus, Gr. ?

following, attending: cf. F. acolyte.]

1. (Eccl.) One who has received the highest of the four

minor orders in the Catholic church, being ordained to carry

the wine and water and the lights at the Mass.

2. One who attends; an assistant. =With such chiefs, and

with James and John as acolytes.8

Motley.

Ac6oOlyth (#), n. Same as Acolyte.

AOcol6yOthist (#), n. An acolyte. [Obs.]

AOcond6dyOlose7 (#), AOcon6dyOlous (#), } a. [Gr. ? priv. +

? joint.] (Nat. Hist.) Being without joints; jointless.

Ac7oOni6tal (#), a. Of the nature of aconite.

Ac6oOnite (#), n. [L. aconitum, Gr. ?: cf. F. aconit.] 1.

(Bot.) The herb wolfsbane, or monkshood; P applied to any

plant of the genus Aconitum (tribe Hellebore), all the

species of which are poisonous.

2. An extract or tincture obtained from Aconitum napellus,

used as a poison and medicinally.

Winter aconite, a plant (Eranthis hyemalis) allied to the

aconites.

X Ac7oOni6tiOa (#), n. (Chem.) Same as Aconitine.

Ac7oOnit6ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to aconite.

AOcon6iOtine (#), n. (Chem.) An intensely poisonous

alkaloid, extracted from aconite.

X Ac7oOni6tum (#), n. [L. See Aconite.] The poisonous herb

aconite; also, an extract from it.

Strong

As aconitum or rash gunpowder.

Shak.

X AOcon6tiOa (#), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. ? a little dart.]

(Zo.l.) Threadlike defensive organs, composed largely of

nettling cells (cnid.), thrown out of the mouth or special

pores of certain Actini. when irritated.

X AOcon6tiOas (#), n. [NL., from Gr. ?, fr. ?, dim. ? dart.]

(Zo.l.) Anciently, a snake, called dart snake; now, one of a

genus of reptiles closely allied to the lizards.

AOcop6ic (#), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? striking. weariness, ? to

strike.] (Med.) Relieving weariness; restorative.

Buchanan.

A6corn (#), n. [AS. .cern, fr. .cer field, acre; akin to D.

aker acorn, Ger. ecker, Icel. akarn, Dan. agern, Goth. akran

fruit, akrs field; P orig. fruit of the field. See Acre.] 1.

The fruit of the oak, being an oval nut growing in a woody

cup or cupule.

2. (Naut.) A conePshaped piece of wood on the point of the

spindle above the vane, on the mastPhead.

3. (Zo.l.) See AcornPshell.

A6corn cup (#). The involucre or cup in which the acorn is

fixed.

A6corned (#), a. 1. Furnished or loaded with acorns.

2. Fed or filled with acorns. [R.]

Shak.

A6cornPshell7 (#), n. (Zo.l.) One of the sessile cirripeds;

a barnacle of the genus Balanus. See Barnacle.

AOcos6mism (#), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? world.] A denial of the

existence of the universe as distinct from God.

AOcos6mist (#), n. [See Acosmism.] One who denies the

existence of the universe, or of a universe as distinct from

God.

G. H. Lewes.

AOcot7yOle6don (#; 277), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? anything

cupPshaped. See Cotyledon.] (Bot.) A plant which has no

cotyledons, as the dodder and all flowerless plants.

AOcot7yOled6onOous (#; 277), a. Having no seed lobes, as the

dodder; also applied to plants which have no true seeds, as

ferns, mosses, etc.

AOcou6chy (#), n. [F. acouchi, from the native name Guiana.]

(Zo.l.) A small species of agouti (Dasyprocta acouchy).

AOcou6meOter (#), n. [Gr. ? to hear + Ometer.] (Physics.) An

instrument for measuring the acuteness of the sense of

hearing.

Itard.

AOcou6meOtry (#), n. [Gr. ? to hear + Ometry.] The measuring

of the power or extent of hearing.

AOcous6tic (#; 277), a. [F. acoustique, Gr. ? relating to

hearing, fr. ? to hear.] Pertaining to the sense of hearing,

the organs of hearing, or the science of sounds; auditory.

Acoustic duct, the auditory duct, or external passage of the

ear. P Acoustic telegraph, a telegraph making audible

signals; a telephone. P Acoustic vessels, brazen tubes or

vessels, shaped like a bell, used in ancient theaters to

propel the voices of the actors, so as to render them

audible to a great distance.

AOcous6tic, n. A medicine or agent to assist hearing.

AOcous6ticOal (#), a. Of or pertaining to acoustics.

AOcous6ticOalOly (#), adv. In relation to sound or to

hearing.

Tyndall.

Ac7ousOti6cian (#), n. One versed in acoustics.

Tyndall.

AOcous6tics (#; 277), n. [Names of sciences in Oics, as,

acoustics, mathematics, etc., are usually treated as

singular. See Oics.] (Physics.) The science of sounds,

teaching their nature, phenomena, and laws.

Acoustics, then, or the science of sound, is a very

considerable branch of physics.

Sir J. Herschel.

5 The science is, by some writers, divided, into

diacoustics, which explains the properties of sounds coming

directly from the ear; and catacoustica, which treats of

reflected sounds or echoes.

AcOquaint6 (#), a. [OF. acoint. See Acquaint, v. t.]

Acquainted. [Obs. or Archaic]

AcOquaint6, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acquainted; p. pr. & vb. n.

Acquainting.] [OE. aqueinten, acointen, OF. acointier, LL.

adcognitare, fr. L. ad + cognitus, p. p. of cognoscere to

know; conO + noscere to know. See Quaint, Know.] 1. To

furnish or give experimental knowledge of; to make (one) to

know; to make familiar; P followed by with.

Before a man can speak on any subject, it is necessary to be

acquainted with it.

Locke.

A man of sorrows and acquainted with grief.

Isa. liii. 3.

2. To communicate notice to; to inform; to make cognizant; P

followed by with (formerly, also, by of), or by that,

introducing the intelligence; as, to acquaint a friend with

the particulars of an act.

Acquaint her here of my son Paris' love.

Shak.

I must acquaint you that I have received

New dated letters from Northumberland.

Shak.

3. To familiarize; to accustom. [Obs.]

Evelyn.

To be acquainted with, to be possessed of personal knowledge

of; to be cognizant of; to be more or less familiar with; to

be on terms of social intercourse with.

Syn. P To inform; apprise; communicate; advise.

AcOquaint6aOble (#), a. [Cf. OF. acointable. Easy to be

acquainted with; affable. [Obs.]

Rom. of R.

AcOquaint6ance (#), n. [OE. aqueintance, OF. acointance, fr.

acointier. See Acquaint.] 1. A state of being acquainted, or

of having intimate, or more than slight or superficial,

knowledge; personal knowledge gained by intercourse short of

that of friendship or intimacy; as, I know the man; but have

no acquaintance with him.

Contract no friendship, or even acquaintance, with a

guileful man.

Sir W. Jones.

2. A person or persons with whom one is acquainted.

Montgomery was an old acquaintance of Ferguson.

Macaulay.

5 In this sense the collective term acquaintance was

formerly both singular and plural, but it is now commonly

singular, and has the regular plural acquaintances.

To be of acquaintance, to be intimate. P To take

acquaintance of or with, to make the acquaintance of. [Obs.]

Syn. P Familiarity; intimacy; fellowship; knowledge. P

Acquaintance, Familiarity, Intimacy. These words mark

different degrees of closeness in social intercourse.

Acquaintance arises from occasional intercourse; as, our

acquaintance has been a brief one. We can speak of a slight

or an intimate acquaintance. Familiarity is the result of

continued acquaintance. It springs from persons being

frequently together, so as to wear off all restraint and

reserve; as, the familiarity of old companions. Intimacy is

the result of close connection, and the freest interchange

of thought; as, the intimacy of established friendship.

Our admiration of a famous man lessens upon our nearer

acquaintance with him.

Addison.

We contract at last such a familiarity with them as makes it

difficult and irksome for us to call off our minds.

Atterbury.

It is in our power to confine our friendships and intimacies

to men of virtue.

Rogers.

AcOquaint6anceOship, n. A state of being acquainted;

acquaintance.

Southey.

AcOquaint6ant (#), n. [Cf. F. acointant, p. pr.] An

acquaintance. [R.]

Swift.

AcOquaint6ed, a. Personally known; familiar. See To be

acquainted with, under Acquaint, v. t.

AcOquaint6edOness, n. State of being acquainted; degree of

acquaintance. [R.]

Boyle.

AcOquest6 (#), n. [OF. aquest, F. acqu.t, fr. LL. acquestum,

acquisFtum, for L. acquisFtum, p. p. (used substantively) of

acquirere to acquire. See Acquire.]

1. Acquisition; the thing gained. [R.]

Bacon.

2. (Law) Property acquired by purchase, gift, or otherwise

than by inheritance.

Bouvier.

Ac7quiOesce6 (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Acquiesced (#); p. pr.

& vb. n. Acquiescing (#)] [ L. acquiescere; ad + quiescere

to be quiet, fr. quies rest: cf. F. acquiescer. See Quiet.]

1. To rest satisfied, or apparently satisfied, or to rest

without opposition and discontent (usually implying previous

opposition or discontent); to accept or consent by silence

or by omitting to object; P followed by in, formerly also by

with and to.

They were compelled to acquiesce in a government which they

did not regard as just.

De Quincey.

2. To concur upon conviction; as, to acquiesce in an

opinion; to assent to; usually, to concur, not heartily but

so far as to forbear opposition.

Syn. P To submit; comply; yield; assent; agree; consent;

accede; concur; conform; accept tacitly.

Ac7quiOes6cence (#), n. [Cf. F. acquiescence.]

1. A silent or passive assent or submission, or a submission

with apparent content; P distinguished from avowed consent

on the one hand, and on the other, from opposition or open

discontent; quiet satisfaction.

2. (Crim. Law) (a) Submission to an injury by the party

injured. (b) Tacit concurrence in the action of another.

Wharton.

p. 17

Ac7quiOes6cenOcy (#), n. The quality of being acquiescent;

acquiescence.

Ac7 quiOes6cent (#), a. [L. acquiescens, O?entis; p. pr.]

Resting satisfied or submissive; disposed tacitly to submit;

assentive; as, an acquiescent policy.

Ac7quiOes6centOly, adv. In an acquiescent manner.

AcOqui6et (#), v. t. [LL. acquietare; L. ad + quies rest.

See Quiet and cf. Acquit.] To quiet. [Obs.]

Acquiet his mind from stirring you against your own peace.

Sir A. Sherley.

AcOquir6aObil6iOty (#), n. The quality of being acquirable;

attainableness. [R.]

Paley.

AcOquir6aOble (#), a. Capable of being acquired.

AcOquire6 (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acquired (#); p. pr. &

vb. n. Acquiring (#).] [L. acquirere, acquisitum; ad +

quarere to seek for. In OE. was a verb aqueren, fr. the

same, through OF. aquerre. See Quest..] To gain, usually by

one's own exertions; to get as one's own; as, to acquire a

title, riches, knowledge, skill, good or bad habits.

No virtue is acquired in an instant, but step by step.

Barrow.

Descent is the title whereby a man, on the death of his

ancestor, acquires his estate, by right of representation,

as his heir at law.

Blackstone.

Syn. P To obtain; gain; attain; procure; win; earn; secure.

See Obtain.

AcOquire6ment (#), n. The act of acquiring, or that which is

acquired; attainment. =Rules for the acquirement of a

taste.8

Addison.

His acquirements by industry were... enriched and enlarged

by many excellent endowments of nature.

Hayward.

Syn. P Acquisition, Acquirement. Acquirement is used in

opposition to a natural gift or talent; as, eloquence, and

skill in music and painting, are acquirements; genius is the

gift or endowment of nature. It denotes especially personal

attainments, in opposition to material or external things

gained, which are more usually called acquisitions; but this

distinction is not always observed.

AcOquir6er (#), n. A person who acquires.

AcOquir6y (#), n. Acquirement. [Obs.]

Barrow.

Ac6quiOsite (#), a. [L. acquisitus, p. p. of acquirere. See

Acquire.] Acquired. [Obs.]

Burton.

Ac7quiOsi6tion (#), n. [L. acquisitio, fr. acquirere: cf. F.

acquisition. See Acquire.] 1. The act or process of

acquiring.

The acquisition or loss of a province.

Macaulay.

2. The thing acquired or gained; an acquirement; a gain; as,

learning is an acquisition.

Syn. P See Acquirement.

AcOquis6iOtive (#), a. 1. Acquired. [Obs.]

He died not in his acquisitive, but in his native soil.

Wotton.

2. Able or disposed to make acquisitions; acquiring; as, an

acquisitive person or disposition.

AcOquis6iOtiveOly, adv. In the way of acquisition.

AcOquis6iOtiveOness, n. 1. The quality of being acquisitive;

propensity to acquire property; desire of possession.

2. (Phren.) The faculty to which the phrenologists attribute

the desire of acquiring and possessing.

Combe.

AcOquis6iOtor (#), n. One who acquires.

AcOquist6 (#), n. [Cf. Acquest.] Acquisition; gain.

Milton.

AcOquit6 (#), p. p. Acquitted; set free; rid of. [Archaic]

Shak.

AcOquit6, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acquitted; p. pr. & vb. n.

Acquitting.] [OE. aquiten, OF. aquiter, F. acquitter; ? (L.

ad) + OF. quiter, F. quitter, to quit. See Quit, and cf.

Acquiet.] 1. To discharge, as a claim or debt; to clear off;

to pay off; to requite.

A responsibility that can never be absolutely acquitted.

I. Taylor.

2. To pay for; to atone for. [Obs.]

Shak.

3. To set free, release or discharge from an obligation,

duty, liability, burden, or from an accusation or charge; P

now followed by of before the charge, formerly by from; as,

the jury acquitted the prisoner; we acquit a man of evil

intentions.

4. Reflexively: (a) To clear one's self.k. (b) To bear or

conduct one's self; to perform one's part; as, the soldier

acquitted himself well in battle; the orator acquitted

himself very poorly.

Syn. P To absolve; clear; exonerate; exonerate; exculpate;

release; discharge. See Absolve.

AcOquit6ment (#), n. [Cf. OF. aquitement.] Acquittal. [Obs.]

Milton.

AcOquit6tal (#), n. 1. The act of acquitting; discharge from

debt or obligation; acquittance.

2. (Law) A setting free, or deliverance from the charge of

an offense, by verdict of a jury or sentence of a court.

Bouvier.

AcOquit6tance (#), n. [OF. aquitance, fr. aquiter. See

Acquit.] 1. The clearing off of debt or obligation; a

release or discharge from debt or other liability.

2. A writing which is evidence of a discharge; a receipt in

full, which bars a further demand.

You can produce acquittances

For such a sum, from special officers.

Shak.

AcOquit6tance, v. t. To acquit. [Obs.]

Shak.

AcOquit6ter (#), n. One who acquits or releases.

X AOcra6niOa (#), n. [NL., from Gr. ? priv. + ? skull.] 1.

(Physiol.) Partial or total absence of the skull.

2. pl. (Zo.l.) The lowest group of Vertebrata, including the

amphioxus, in which no skull exists.

AOcra6niOal (#), a. Wanting a skull.

AOcrase6, AOcraze6 } (#), v. t. [Pref. aO + crase; or cf. F.

ertaining to adenology.

Ad7eOnol6oOgy (?), n. [AdenoO + Ology.] The part of

physiology that treats of the glands.

Ad7eOnoph6oOrous (?), a. [AdenoO + Gr. ? bearing.] (Bot.)

Producing glands.

Ad7eOnoph6ylOlous (?), a. [AdenoO + Gr. ? leaf.] (Bot.)

Having glands on the leaves.

Ad6eOnose7 (?; 277), a. Like a gland; full of glands;

glandulous; adenous.

Ad7eOnoOtom6ic (?), a. Pertaining to adenotomy.

Ad7eOnot6oOmy (?), n. [AdenoO + Gr. ? a cutting, ? to cut.]

(Anat.) Dissection of, or incision into, a gland or glands.

Ad6eOnous (?), a. Same as Adenose.

X Ad6eps (?), n. [L.] Animal fat; lard.

AOdept6 (?), n. [L. adeptus obtained (sc. artem), ?he who

has obtained an art, p. p. of adipsci to arrive ?at, to

obtain; ad + apisci to pursue. See Apt, and cf. Adapt.] One

fully skilled or well versed in anything; a proficient; as,

adepts in philosophy.

AOdept6, a. Well skilled; completely versed; thoroughly

proficient.

Beaus adept in everything profound.

Cowper.

AOdep6tion (?), n. [L. adeptio. See Adept, a.] An obtaining;

attainment. [Obs.]

In the wit and policy of the capitain consisteth the chief

adeption of the victory.

Grafton.

AOdept6ist, n. A skilled alchemist. [Obs.]

AOdept6ness, n. The quality of being adept; skill.

Ad6eOquaOcy (?), n. [See Adequate.] The state or quality of

being adequate, proportionate, or sufficient; a sufficiency

for a particular purpose; as, the adequacy of supply to the

expenditure.

Ad6eOquate (?), a. [L. adaequatus, p. p. of adaequare to

make equal to; ad + aequare to make equal, aequus equal. See

Equal.] Equal to some requirement; proportionate, or

correspondent; fully sufficient; as, powers adequate to a

great work; an adequate definition.

Ireland had no adequate champion.

De Quincey.

Syn. P Proportionate; commensurate; sufficient; suitable;

competent; capable.

Ad6eOquate (?), v. t. [See Adequate, a.] 1. To equalize; to

make adequate. [R.]

Fotherby.

2. To equal. [Obs.]

It [is] an impossibility for any creature to adequate God in

his eternity.

Shelford.

Ad6eOquateOly (?), adv. In an adequate manner.

Ad6eOquateOness, n. The quality of being adequate;

suitableness; sufficiency; adequacy.

Ad7eOqua6tion (?), n. [L. adaequatio.] The act of

equalizing; act or result of making adequate; an equivalent.

[Obs.]

Bp. Barlow.

AOdes6my (?), n. [Gr. ? unfettered; ? priv. + ? a fetter.]

(Bot.) The division or defective coherence of an organ that

is usually entire.

AdOes7seOna6riOan (?), n. [Formed fr. L. adesse to be

present; ad + esse to be.] (Eccl. Hist.) One who held the

real presence of Christ's body in the eucharist, but not by

transubstantiation.

AdOfect6ed (?), a. [L. adfectus or affectus. See Affect, v.]

(Alg.) See Affected, 5.

AdOfil6iOa7ted (?), a. See Affiliated. [Obs.]

AdOfil7iOa6tion (?), n. See Affiliation. [Obs.]

AdOflux6ion (?), n. See Affluxion.

AdOha6mant (?), a. [From L. adhamare to catch; ad + hamus

hook.] Clinging, as by hooks.

AdOhere6 (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Adhered (?); p. pr. & vb.

n. Adhering (?).] [L. adhaerere, adhaesum; ad + haerere to

stick: cf. F. adh.rer. See Aghast.] 1. To stick fast or

cleave, as a glutinous substance does; to become joined or

united; as, wax to the finger; the lungs sometimes adhere

to the pleura.

2. To hold, be attached, or devoted; to remain fixed, either

by personal union or conformity of faith, principle, or

opinion; as, men adhere to a party, a cause, a leader, a

church.

3. To be consistent or coherent; to be in accordance; to

agree. =Nor time nor place did then adhere.8 Every thing

adheres together.8

Shak.

Syn. P To attach; stick; cleave; cling; hold

AdOher6ence (?), n. [Cf. F. adh.rence, LL. adhaerentia.] 1.

The quality or state of adhering.

2. The state of being fixed in attachment; fidelity; steady

attachment; adhesion; as, adherence to a party or to

opinions.

Syn. P Adherence, Adhesion. These words, which were once

freely interchanged, are now almost entirely separated.

Adherence is no longer used to denote physical union, but is

applied, to mental states or habits; as, a strict adherence

to one's duty; close adherence to the argument, etc.

Adhesion is now confined chiefly to the physical sense,

except in the phrase =To give in one's adhesion to a cause

or a party.8

AdOher6enOcy (?), n. 1. The state or quality of being

adherent; adherence. [R.]

2. That which adheres. [Obs.]

Dr. H. More.

AdOher6ent (?), a. [L. adhaerens, Oentis, p. pr.: cf. F.

adh.rent.] 1. Sticking; clinging; adhering.

Pope.

2. Attached as an attribute or circumstance.

3. (Bot.) Congenitally united with an organ of another kind,

as calyx with ovary, or stamens with petals.

AdOher6ent, n. 1. One who adheres; one who adheres; one who

follows a leader, party, or profession; a follower, or

partisan; a believer in a particular faith or church.

2. That which adheres; an appendage. [R.]

Milton.

Syn. P Follower; partisan; upholder; disciple; supporter;

dependent; ally; backer.

AdOher6entOly, adv. In an adherent manner.

AdOher6er (?), n. One who adheres; an adherent.

AdOhe6sion (?), n. [L. adhaesio, fr. adhaerere: cf. F.

adh.sion.] 1. The action of sticking; the state of being

attached; intimate union; as the adhesion of glue, or of

parts united by growth, cement, or the like.

2. Adherence; steady or firm attachment; fidelity; as, to

error, to a policy.

His adhesion to the Tories was bounded by his approbation of

their foreign policy.

De Quincey.

3. Agreement to adhere; concurrence; assent.

To that treaty Spain and England gave in their adhesion.

Macaulay.

4. (Physics) The molecular attraction exerted between bodies

in contact. See Cohesion.

5. (Med.) Union of surface, normally separate, by the

formation of new tissue resulting from an inflammatory

process.

6. (Bot.) The union of parts which are separate in other

plants, or in younger states of the same plant.

Syn. P Adherence; union. See Adherence.

AdOhe6sive (?), a. [Cf. F. adh.sif.] 1. Sticky; tenacious,

as glutinous substances.

2. Apt or tending to adhere; clinging.

Thomson.

Adhesive attraction. (Physics) See Attraction. P Adhesive

inflammation (Surg.), that kind of inflammation which

terminates in the reunion of divided parts without

suppuration. - Adhesive plaster, a sticking; a plaster

containing resin, wax, litharge, and olive oil.

AdOhe6siveOly, adv. In an adhesive manner.

AdOhe6siveOness, n. 1. The quality of sticking or adhering;

stickiness; tenacity of union.

2. (Phren.) Propensity to form and maintain attachments to

persons, and to promote social intercourse.

AdOhib6it (?), v. t. [L. adhibitus, p. p. of adhibere to

hold to; ad + habere to have.] 1. To admit, as a person or

thing; to take in.

Muirhead.

2. To use or apply; to administer.

Camden.

3. To attach; to affix.

Alison.

Ad7hiObi6tion (?), n. [L. adhibitio.] The act of adhibiting;

application; use.

Whitaker.

X Ad hom6iOnem (?). [L., to the man.] A phrase applied to an

appeal or argument addressed to the principles, interests,

or passions of a man.

AdOhort6 (?), v. t. [L. adhortari. See Adhortation.] To

exhort; to advise. [Obs.]

Feltham.

Ad7horOta6tion (?), n. [L. adhortatio, fr. adhortari to

advise; ad + hortari to exhort.] Advice; exhortation. [Obs.]

Peacham.

AdOhor6taOtoOry (?), a. Containing counsel or warning;

hortatory; advisory. [Obs.]

Potter.

Ad7iOaObat6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? not passable; ? priv. + ?

through + ? to go.] (Physics) Not giving out or receiving

heat. - Ad7iOaObat7icOalOly, adv.

w line or curve, a curve exhibiting the variations of

pressure and volume of a fluid when it expands without

either receiving or giving out heat.

Rankine.

Ad7iOacOtin6ic (?), a. [Pref. aO not + diactinic.] (Chem.)

Not transmitting the actinic rays.

X Ad7iOan6tum (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, maidenhair; ? priv. +

? to wet.] (Bot.) A genus of ferns, the leaves of which shed

water; maidenhair. Also, the black maidenhair, a species of

spleenwort.

Ad7iOaph6oOrism (?), n. Religious indifference.

Ad7iOaph6oOrist (?), n. [See Adiaphorous.] (Eccl. Hist.) One

of the German Protestants who, with Melanchthon, held some

opinions and ceremonies to be indifferent or nonessential,

which Luther condemned as sinful or heretical.

Murdock.

Ad7iOaph7oOris6tic (?), a. Pertaining to matters indifferent

in faith and practice.

Shipley.

Ad7iOaph6oOrite (?), n. Same as Adiaphorist.

Ad7iOaph6oOrous (?), a. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? different; ?

through + ? to bear.] 1. Indifferent or neutral.

Jer. Taylor.

2. (Med.) Incapable of doing either harm or good, as some

medicines.

Dunglison.

Ad7iOaph6oOry, n. [Gr. ?.] Indifference. [Obs.]

Ad7iOaOther6mic (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? through + ?heat.]

Not pervious to heat.

AOdieu6 (?), interj. & adv. [OE. also adew, adewe, adue, F.

? dieu, fr. L. ad to + deus God.] Good-by; farewell; an

expression of kind wishes at parting.

AOdieu6, n.; pl. Adieus (?). A farewell; commendation to the

care of God at parting.

Shak.

AOdight6 (?), v. t. [p. p. Adight.] [Pref. aO (intensive) +

OE. dihten. See Dight.] To set in order; to array; to

attire; to deck, to dress. [Obs.]

X Ad in7fiOni6tum (?).[L., to infinity.] Without limit;

endlessly.

X Ad in6terOim (?)[L.] Meanwhile; temporary.

Ad7eOpes6cent (?), a. [L. adeps, adipis, fat + Oescent.]

Becoming fatty.

AOdip6ic (?), a. [L. adeps, adipis, fat.] (Chem.) Pertaining

to, or derived from, fatty or oily substances; - applied to

certain acids obtained from fats by the action of nitric

acid.

carbon atoms in a linear chain PP>

Ad7iOpoc6erOate (?), v. t. To convert adipocere.

Ad7iOpoc7erOa6tion (?), n. The act or process of changing

into adipocere.

Ad6iOpoOcere7 (?), n. [L. adeps, adipis, fat + cera wax: cf.

F. adipocere.] A soft, unctuous, or waxy substance, of a

light brown color, into which the fat and muscle tissue of

dead bodies sometimes are converted, by long immersion in

water or by burial in moist places. It is a result of fatty

degeneration.

Ad7iOpoOcer6iOform (?), a. [Adipocere + Oform.] Having the

form or appearance of adipocere; as, an adipoceriform tumor.

Ad7iOpoc6erOous (?), a. Like adipocere.

Ad6iOpose7 (?; 277), a. [L. adeps, adipis, fat, grease.] Of

or pertaining to animal fat; fatty.

Adipose fin (Zo.l.), a soft boneless fin. P Adipose tissue

(Anat.), that form of animal tissue which forms or contains

fat.

Ad6iOpose7ness (?), Ad7iOpos6iOty (?), } n. The state of

being fat; fatness.

Ad6iOpous (?), a. Fatty; adipose. [R.]

AOdip6sous (?), a. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ?, thirst.] Quenching

thirst, as certain fruits.

Ad6ipOsy (?), n. [Gr. ? not thirsty; ? priv. + ? thirst.]

(Med.) Absence of thirst.

Ad6it (?), n. [L. aditus, fr. adire, ?aitum, to go to; ad +

ire to go.] 1. An entrance or passage. Specifically: The

nearly horizontal opening by which a mine is entered, or by

which water and ores are carried away; - called also drift

and tunnel.

2. Admission; approach; access. [R.]

Yourself and yours shall have

Free adit.

Tennyson.

Ad6ja6cence (?), AdOja6cenOcy (?), } [Cf. LL. adjacentia.]

1. The state of being adjacent or contiguous; contiguity;

as, the adjacency of lands or buildings.

2. That which is adjacent.[R.]

Sir T. Browne.

AdOja6cent (?), a. [L. adjacens, Ocentis, p. pr. of adjacere

to lie near; ad + jac?re to lie: cf. F. adjacent.] Lying

near, close, or contiguous; neighboring; bordering on; as, a

field adjacent to the highway. =The adjacent forest.8

B. Jonson.

Adjacent or contiguous angle. (Geom.) See Angle.

Syn. - Adjoining; contiguous; near. - Adjacent, Adjoining,

Contiguous. Things are adjacent when they lie close each

other, not necessary in actual contact; as, adjacent fields,

adjacent villages, etc.

I find that all Europe with her adjacent isles is peopled

with Christians.

Howell.

Things are adjoining when they meet at some line or point of

junction; as, adjoining farms, an adjoining highway. What is

spoken of as contiguous should touch with some extent of one

side or the whole of it; as, a row of contiguous buildings;

a wood contiguous to a plain.

AdOja6cent, n. That which is adjacent. [R.]

Locke.

AdOja6centOly, adv. So as to be adjacent.

AdOject6 (?), v. t. [L. adjectus, p. p. of adjicere to throw

to, to add to; ad + ac?re to throw. See Jet a shooting

forth.] To add or annex; to join.

Leland.

AdOjec6tion (?), n. [L. adjectio, fr. adjicere: cf. F.

adjection. See Adject.] The act or mode of adding; also, the

thing added. [R.]

B. Jonson.

AdOjec6tionOal (?), a. Pertaining to adjection; that is, or

may be, annexed. [R.]

Earle.

Ad7jecOti6tious (?), [L. adjectitius.] Added; additional.

Parkhurst.

Ad7jecOti6val (?), a. Of or relating to the relating to the

adjective; of the nature of an adjective; adjective.

W. Taylor (1797)

Ad7jecOti6valOly, adv. As, or in the manner of, an

adjective; adjectively.

Ad6jecOtive (?), a. [See Adjective, n.]

1. Added to a substantive as an attribute; of the nature of

an adjunct; as, an word sentence.

2. Not standing by itself; dependent.

Adjective color, a color which requires to be fixed by some

mordant or base to give it permanency.

3. Relating to procedure. =The whole English law,

substantive and adjective.8

Macaulay.

Ad6jecOtive, n. [L. adjectivum (sc. nomen), neut. of

adjectivus that is added, fr. adjicere: cf. F. adjectif. See

Adject.] 1. (Gram.) A word used with a noun, or substantive,

to express a quality of the thing named, or something

attributed to it, or to limit or define it, or to specify or

describe a thing, as distinct from something else. Thus, in

phrase, =a wise ruler,8 wise is the adjective, expressing a

property of ruler.

2. A dependent; an accessory.

Fuller.

Ad6jecOtive, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adjectived (?); p. pr. &

vb. n. Adjectiving (?).] To make an adjective of; to form or

change into an adjective. [R.]

Language has as much occasion to adjective the distinct

signification of the verb, and to adjective also the mood,

as it has to adjective time. It has... adjectived all three.

Tooke.

Ad6jecOtiveOly, adv. In the manner of an adjective; as, a

word used adjectively.

AdOjoin6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adjoined (?); p. pr. & vb.

n. Adjoining.] [OE. ajoinen, OF. ajoindre, F. adjoindre, fr.

L. adjungere; ad + jungere to join. See Join, and cf.

Adjunct.] To join or unite to; to lie contiguous to; to be

in contact with; to attach; to append.

Corrections... should be, as remarks, adjoined by way of

note.

Watts.

AdOjoin6 (?), v. i. 1. To lie or be next, or in contact; to

be contiguous; as, the houses adjoin.

When one man's land adjoins to another's.

Blackstone.

5 The construction with to, on, or with is obsolete or

obsolescent.

2. To join one's self. [Obs.]

She lightly unto him adjoined side to side.

Spenser.

AdOjoin6ant (?), a. Contiguous. [Obs.]

Carew.

AdOjoin6ing, a. Joining to; contiguous; adjacent; as, an

adjoining room. =The adjoining fane.8

Dryden.

Upon the hills adjoining to the city.

Shak.

Syn. P Adjacent; contiguous; near; neighboring; abutting;

bordering. See Adjacent.

Ad6joint (?), n. An adjunct; a helper. [Obs.]

AdOjourn (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adjourned (?); p. pr. &

vb. n. Adjourning (?).] [OE. ajornen, OF. ajoiner, ajurner,

F. ajourner; OF. a (L. ad) + jor, jur, jorn, F. jour, day,

fr. L. diurnus belonging to the day, fr. dies day. Cf.

Journal, Journey.] To put off or defer to another day, or

indefinitely; to postpone; to close or suspend for the day;

- commonly said of the meeting, or the action, of convened

body; as, to adjourn the meeting; to adjourn a debate.

It is a common practice to adjourn the reformation of their

lives to a further time.

Barrow.

'Tis a needful fitness

That we adjourn this court till further day.

Shak.

Syn. - To delay; defer; postpone; put off; suspend. - To

Adjourn, Prorogue, Dissolve. These words are used in

respect to public bodies when they lay aside business and

separate. Adjourn, both in Great Britain and this country,

is applied to all cases in which such bodies separate for a

brief period, with a view to meet again. Prorogue is applied

in Great Britain to that act of the executive government, as

the sovereign, which brings a session of Parliament to a

close. The word is not used in this country, but a

legislative body is said, in such a case, to adjourn sine

die. To dissolve is to annul the corporate existence of a

body. In order to exist again the body must be

reconstituted.

AdOjourn6, v. i.To suspend business for a time, as from one

day to another, or for a longer period, or indefinitely;

usually, to suspend public business, as of legislatures and

courts, or other convened bodies; as, congress adjourned

at four o'clock; the court adjourned without day.

AdOjourn6al (?), n. Adjournment; postponement. [R.] =An

adjournal of the Diet.8

Sir W. Scott.

AdOjourn6ment (?), n. [Cf. f. adjournement, OF. ajornement.

See Adjourn.] 1. The act of adjourning; the putting off till

another day or time specified, or without day.

2.The time or interval during which a public body adjourns

its sittings or postpones business.

AdOjudge6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adjudged (?); p. pr. &

vb. n. Adjudging (?).] [OE. ajugen, OF. ajugier, fr. L.

adjudicare; ad + judicare to judge. See Judge, and cf.

Adjudicate.] 1. To award judicially in the case of a

controverted question; as, the prize was adjudged to the

victor.

2. To determine in the exercise of judicial power; to decide

or award judicially; to adjudicate; as, the case was

adjudged in the November term.

3. To sentence; to condemn.

Without reprieve, adjudged to death

For want of well pronouncing Shibboleth.

Milton.

4. To regard or hold; to judge; to deem.

He adjudged him unworthy of his friendship.

Knolles.

Syn. - To decree; award; determine; adjudicate; ordain;

assign.

AdOjudg6er (?), n. One who adjudges.

AdOjudg6ment (?), n. The act of adjudging; judicial

decision; adjudication.

Sir W. Temple.

AdOju6diOcate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adjudicated (?); p.

pr. & vb. n. Adjudicating (?)] [L. adjudicatus, p. p. of

adjudicare. See Adjudge.] To adjudge; to try and determine,

as a court; to settle by judicial decree.

AdOju6diOcate, v. i. To come to a judicial decision; as, the

court adjudicated upon the case.

AdOju7diOca6tion (?), n. [L. adjudicatio: cf. F.

adjudication.] 1. The act of adjudicating; the act or

process of trying and determining judicially.

2. A deliberate determination by the judicial power; a

judicial decision or sentence. =An adjudication in favor of

natural rights.8

Burke.

3. (Bankruptcy practice) The decision upon the question

whether the debtor is a bankrupt.

Abbott.

4. (Scots Law) A process by which land is attached security

or in satisfaction of a debt.

AdOju6diOcaOtive (?), a. Adjudicating.

AdOju6diOca7tor (?), n. One who adjudicates.

AdOju6diOcaOture (?), n. Adjudication.

Ad6juOgate (?), v. t. [L. adjugatus, p. p. of adjugare; ad +

jugum a yoke.] To yoke to. [Obs.]

Ad6juOment (?), n. [L. adjumentum, for adjuvamentum, fr.

adjuvare to help; ad + juvare to help.] Help; support; also,

a helper. [Obs.]

Waterhouse.

Ad6junct7 (?), a. [L. adjunctus, p. p. of adjungere. See

Adjoin.] Conjoined; attending; consequent.

Though that my death were adjunct to my act.

Shak.

w notes (Mus.), short notes between those essential to the

harmony; auxiliary notes; passing notes.

Ad6junct7, n. 1. Something joined or added to another thing,

but not essentially a part of it.

Learning is but an adjunct to our self.

Shak.

2. A person joined to another in some duty or service; a

colleague; an associate.

Wotton.

3. (Gram.) A word or words added to quality or amplify the

force of other words; as, the History of the American

Revolution, where the words in italics are the adjunct or

adjuncts of =History.8

4. (Metaph.) A quality or property of the body or the mind,

whether natural or acquired; as, color, in the body,

judgment in the mind.

5. (Mus.) A key or scale closely related to another as

principal; a relative or attendant key. [R.] See Attendant

keys, under Attendant, a.

AdOjunc6tion (?), n. [L. adjunctio, fr. adjungere: cf. F.

adjonction, and see Adjunct.] The act of joining; the thing

joined or added.

AdOjunc6tive (?), a. [L. adjunctivus, fr. adjungere. See

Adjunct.] Joining; having the quality of joining; forming an

adjunct.

AdOjunc6tive, n. One who, or that which, is joined.

AdOjunc6tiveOly, adv. In an adjunctive manner.

AdOjunct6ly (?), adv. By way of addition or adjunct; in

connection with.

Ad7juOra6tion (?), n. [L. adjuratio, fr. adjurare: cf. F.

adjuration. See Adjure.] 1. The act of adjuring; a solemn

charging on oath, or under the penalty of a curse; an

earnest appeal.

What an accusation could not effect, an adjuration shall.

Bp. Hall.

2. The form of oath or appeal.

Persons who... made use of prayer and adjurations.

Addison.

AdOju6raOtoOry (?), a. [L. adjuratorius.] Containing an

adjuration.

AdOjure6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adjured (?); p. pr. & vb.

n. Adjuring (?). [L. adjurare, adjurdium, to swear to;

later, to adjure: cf. F. adjurer. See Jury.] To charge,

bind, or command, solemnly, as if under oath, or under the

penalty of a curse; to appeal to in the most solemn or

impressive manner; to entreat earnestly.

Joshua adjured them at that time, saying, Cursed be the man

before the Lord, that riseth up and buildeth this city

Jericho.

Josh. vi. 26.

The high priest... said... I adjure thee by the living God,

that tell us whether thou be the Christ.

Matt. xxvi. 63.

The commissioners adjured them not to let pass so favorable

an opportunity of securing their liberties.

Marshall.

AdOjur6er (?), n. One who adjures.

AdOjust6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adjusted; p. pr. & vb. n.

Adjusting.] [OF. ajuster, ajoster (whence F. ajouter to

add), LL. adjuxtare to fit; fr. L. ad + juxta near; confused

later with L. ad and justus just, right, whence F. ajuster

to adjust. See Just, v. t. and cf. Adjute.] 1. To make

exact; to fit; to make correspondent or conformable; to

bring into proper relations; as, to adjust a garment to the

body, or things to a standard.

2. To put in order; to regulate, or reduce to system.

Adjusting the orthography.

Johnson.

3. To settle or bring to a satisfactory state, so that

parties are agreed in the result; as, to adjust accounts;

the differences are adjusted.

4. To bring to a true relative position, as the parts of an

instrument; to regulate for use; as, to adjust a telescope

or microscope.

Syn. - To adapt; suit; arrange; regulate; accommodate; set

right; rectify; settle.

AdOjust6aOble (?), a. Capable of being adjusted.

AdOjust6age (?), n. [Cf. Ajutage.] Adjustment. [R.]

AdOjust6er (?), n. One who, or that which, adjusts.

AdOjust6ive (?), a. Tending to adjust. [R.]

AdOjust6ment (?), n. [Cf. F. ajustement. See Adjust.] 1. The

act of adjusting, or condition of being adjusted; act of

bringing into proper relations; regulation.

Success depends on the nicest and minutest adjustment of the

parts concerned.

Paley.

2. (Law) Settlement of claims; an equitable arrangement of

conflicting claims, as in set-off, contribution,

exoneration, subrogation, and marshaling.

Bispham.

3. The operation of bringing all the parts of an instrument,

as a microscope or telescope, into their proper relative

position for use; the condition of being thus adjusted; as,

to get a good adjustment; to be in or out of adjustment.

Syn. - Suiting; fitting; arrangement; regulation;

settlement; adaptation; disposition.

Ad6juOtage (?), n. Same as Ajutage.

Ad6juOtanOcy (?), n. [See Adjutant.] 1. The office of an

adjutant.

2. Skillful arrangement in aid; assistance.

It was, no doubt, disposed with all the adjutancy of

definition and division.

Burke.

Ad6juOtant (?), n. [L. adjutans, p. pr. of adjutare to help.

See Aid.] 1. A helper; an assistant.

2. (Mil.) A regimental staff officer, who assists the

colonel, or commanding officer of a garrison or regiment, in

the details of regimental and garrison duty.

w general (a) (Mil.), the principal staff officer of an

army, through whom the commanding general receives

communications and issues military orders. In the U. S. army

he is brigadier general. (b) (Among the Jesuits), one of a

select number of fathers, who resided with the general of

the order, each of whom had a province or country assigned

to his care.

3. (Zo.l.) A species of very large stork (Ciconia argala), a

native of India; - called also the gigantic crane, and by

the native name argala. It is noted for its

serpent-destroying habits.

Ad6juOta7tor (?), n. (Eng. Hist.) A corruption of Agitator.

AdOjute6 (?), v. t. [F. ajouter; confused with L. adjutare.]

To add. [Obs.]

AdOju6tor (?), n. [L., fr. adjuvare. See Aid.] A helper or

assistant. [Archaic]

Drayton.

AdOju6toOry (?), a. [L. adjutorius.] Serving to help or

assist; helping. [Obs.]

AdOju6trix (?), n. [L. See Adjutor.] A female helper or

assistant. [R.]

Ad6juOvant (?), a. [L. adjuvans, p. pr. of adjuvare to aid:

cf. F. adjuvant. See Aid.] Helping; helpful; assisting. [R.]

=Adjuvant causes.8

Howell.

Ad6juOvant, n. 1. An assistant. [R.]

Yelverton.

2. (Med.) An ingredient, in a prescription, which aids or

modifies the action of the principal ingredient.

Ad7leOga6tion (?), n. [L. adlegatio, allegatio, a sending

away; fr. adlegare, allegare, to send away with a

commission; ad in addition + legare to send as ambassador.

Cf. Allegation.] A right formerly claimed by the states of

the German Empire of joining their own ministers with those

of the emperor in public treaties and negotiations to the

common interest of the empire.

Encyc. Brit.

X Ad lib6iOtum (?). At one's pleasure; as one wishes.

Ad7loOcu6tion (?), n. See Allocution. [Obs.]

AdOmar6ginOate (?), v. t. [Pref. adO + margin.] To write in

the margin. [R.]

Coleridge.

AdOmax6ilOlaOry (?), a. [Pref. adO + maxillary.] (Anat.)

Near to the maxilla or jawbone.

AdOmeas6ure (?; 135), v. t. [Cf. OF. amesurer, LL.

admensurare. See Measure.] 1. To measure.

2. (Law) To determine the proper share of, or the proper

apportionment; as, to admeasure dower; to admeasure common

of pasture.

Blackstone.

AdOmeas6ureOment (?), n. [Cf. OF. amesurement, and E.

Measure.] 1. The act or process of ascertaining the

dimensions of anything; mensuration; measurement; as, the

admeasurement of a ship or of a cask. = Admeasurement by

acre.8

2. The measure of a thing; dimensions; size.

3. (Law) Formerly, the adjustment of proportion, or

ascertainment of shares, as of dower or pasture held in

common. This was by writ of admeasurement, directed to the

sheriff.

AdOmeas6urOer (?), n. One who admeasures.

AdOmen7suOra6tion (?), n. [LL. admensuratio; L. ad +

mensurare to measure. See Mensuration.] Same as

Admeasurement.

AdOmin6iOcle (?), n. [L. adminculum support, orig., that on

which the hand rests; ad + manus hand + dim. ending

Oculym.] 1. Help or support; an auxiliary.

Grote.

2. (Law) Corroborative or explanatory proof.

In Scots law, any writing tending to establish the existence

or terms of a lost deed.

Bell.

Ad7miOnic6uOlar (?), a. Supplying help; auxiliary;

corroborative; explanatory; as, adminicular evidence.

H. Spencer.

Ad7miOnic6uOlaOry (?), a. Adminicular.

AdOmin6isOter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Administered (?); p.

pr. & vb. n. Administering.] [OE. aministren, OF.

aministrer, F. administer, fr. L. administrare; ad +

ministrare to serve. See Minister.] 1.To manage or conduct,

as public affairs; to direct or superintend the execution,

application, or conduct of; as, to administer the government

or the state.

For forms of government let fools contest:

Whate'er is best administered is best.

Pope.

2. To dispense; to serve out; to supply; execute; as, to

administer relief, to administer the sacrament.

[Let zephyrs] administer their tepid, genial airs.

Philips.

Justice was administered with an exactness and purity not

before known.

Macaulay.

3. To apply, as medicine or a remedy; to give, as a dose or

something beneficial or suitable. Extended to a blow, a

reproof, etc.

A noxious drug had been administered to him.

Macaulay.

4. To tender, as an oath.

Swear... to keep the oath that we administer.

Shak.

5. (Law) To settle, as the estate of one who dies without a

will, or whose will fails of an executor.

Syn. - To manage; conduct; minister; supply; dispense; give

out; distribute; furnish.

AdOmin6isOter, v. i. 1. To contribute; to bring aid or

supplies; to conduce; to minister.

A fountain... administers to the pleasure as well as the

plenty of the place.

Spectator.

2. (Law) To perform the office of administrator; to act

officially; as, A administers upon the estate of B.

AdOmin6isOter, n. Administrator. [Obs.]

Bacon.

AdOmin7isOte6riOal (?), a. Pertaining to administration, or

to the executive part of government.

AdOmin6isOtraOble (?), a. Capable of being administered; as,

an administrable law.

AdOmin6isOtrant (?), a. [F., p. pr. of administrer. See

Administer.] Executive; acting; managing affairs. - n. One

who administers.

AdOmin6isOtrate (?), v. t. [L. administratus, p. p. of

administrare.] To administer. [R.]

Milman.

AdOmin7isOtra6tion (?; 277), n. [OE. administracioun, L.

administratio: cf. F. administration.] 1. The act of

administering; government of public affairs; the service

rendered, or duties assumed, in conducting affairs; the

conducting of any office or employment; direction;

management.

His financial administration was of a piece with his

military administration.

Macaulay.

2. The executive part of government; the persons

collectively who are intrusted with the execution of laws

and the superintendence of public affairs; the chief

magistrate and his cabinet or council; or the council, or

ministry, alone, as in Great Britain.

A mild and popular administration.

Macaulay.

The administration has been opposed in parliament.

Johnson.

3. The act of administering, or tendering something to

another; dispensation; as, the administration of a medicine,

of an oath, of justice, or of the sacrament.

4. (Law) (a) The management and disposal, under legal

authority, of the estate of an intestate, or of a testator

having no competent executor. (b) The management of an

estate of a deceased person by an executor, the strictly

corresponding term execution not being in use.

w with the will annexed, administration granted where the

testator has appointed no executor, or where his appointment

of an executor for any cause has failed, as by death,

incompetency, refusal to act, etc.

Syn. - Conduct; management; direction; regulation;

execution; dispensation; distribution.

AdOmin6isOtra7tive (?), a. [L. administrativus: cf. F.

administratif.] Pertaining to administration; administering;

executive; as, an administrative body, ability, or energy. -

AdOmin6isOtra7tiveOly, adv.

AdOmin7isOtra6tor (?), n. [L.] 1. One who administers

affairs; one who directs, manages, executes, or dispenses,

whether in civil, judicial, political, or ecclesiastical

affairs; a manager.

2. (Law) A man who manages or settles the estate of an

intestate, or of a testator when there is no competent

executor; one to whom the right of administration has been

committed by competent authority.

AdOmin7isOtra6torOship, n. The position or office of an

administrator.

AdOmin7isOtra6trix (?), n. [NL.] A woman who administers;

esp., one who administers the estate of an intestate, or to

whom letters of administration have been granted; a female

administrator.

Ad7miOraObil6iOty (?), n. [L. admirabilitac.] Admirableness.

[R.]

Johnson.

Ad6miOraOble (?), a. [L. admirabilis: cf. F. admirable.] 1.

Fitted to excite wonder; wonderful; marvelous. [Obs.]

In man there is nothing admirable but his ignorance and

weakness.

Jer. Taylor.

2. Having qualities to excite wonder united with

approbation; deserving the highest praise; most excellent; -

used of persons or things. =An admirable machine.8

=Admirable fortitude.8

Macaulay.

Syn. - Wonderful; marvelous; surprising; excellent;

delightful; praiseworthy.

Ad6miOraObleOness, n. The quality of being admirable;

wonderful excellence.

Ad6miOraObly, adv. In an admirable manner.

Ad6miOral (?), n. [OE. amiral, admiral, OF. amiral,

ultimately fr. Ar. amFrOalObahr commander of the sea; Ar.

amFr is commander, al is the Ar. article, and amFrOal, heard

in different titles, was taken as one word. Early forms of

the word show confusion with L. admirabilis admirable, fr.

admirari to admire. It is said to have been introduced into

Europe by the Genoese or Venetians, in the 12th or 13th

century. Cf. Ameer, Emir.] 1. A naval officer of the

highest rank; a naval officer of high rank, of which there

are different grades. The chief gradations in rank are

admiral, vice admiral, and rear admiral. The admiral is the

commander in chief of a fleet or of fleets.

2.The ship which carries the admiral; also, the most

considerable ship of a fleet.

Like some mighty admiral, dark and terrible, bearing down

upon his antagonist with all his canvas straining to the

wind, and all his thunders roaring from his broadsides.

E. Everett.

3. (Zo.l.) A handsome butterfly (Pyrameis Atalanta) of

Europe and America. The larva feeds on nettles.

w shell (Zo.l.), the popular name of an ornamental cone

shell (Conus admiralis).

Lord High w, a great officer of state, who (when this rare

dignity is conferred) is at the head of the naval

administration of Great Britain.

Ad6miOralOship, n. The office or position oaf an admiral;

also, the naval skill of an admiral.

Ad6miOralOty (?), n.; pl. Admiralties (?). [F. amiraut., for

an older amiralt., office of admiral, fr. LL. admiralitas.

See Admiral.] 1. The office or jurisdiction of an admiral.

Prescott.

2. The department or officers having authority over naval

affairs generally.

3.The court which has jurisdiction of maritime questions and

offenses.

5 In England, admiralty jurisdiction was formerly vested in

the High Court of Admiralty, which was held before the Lord

High Admiral, or his deputy, styled the Judge of the

Admiralty; but admiralty jurisdiction is now vested in the

probate, divorce, and admiralty division of the High

Justice. In America, there are no admiralty courts distinct

from others, but admiralty jurisdiction is vested in the

district courts of the United States, subject to revision by

the circuit courts and the Supreme Court of the United

States. Admiralty jurisprudence has cognizance of maritime

contracts and torts, collisions at sea, cases of prize in

war, etc., and in America, admiralty jurisdiction is

extended to such matters, arising out of the navigation of

any of the public waters, as the Great Lakes and rivers.

4. The system of jurisprudence of admiralty courts.

5. The building in which the lords of the admiralty, in

England, transact business.

AdOmir6ance (?), n. [Cf. OF. admirance.] Admiration. [Obs.]

Spenser.

Ad7miOra6tion (?), n. [F., fr. L. admiratio. See Admire.] 1.

Wonder; astonishment. [Obs.]

Season your admiration for a while.

Shak.

2.Wonder mingled with approbation or delight; an emotion

excited by a person or thing possessed of wonderful or high

excellence; as, admiration of a beautiful woman, of a

landscape, of virtue.

3. Cause of admiration; something to excite wonder, or

pleased surprise; a prodigy.

Now, good Lafeu, bring in the admiration.

Shak.

Note of ~, the mark (!), called also exclamation point.

Syn. - Wonder; approval; appreciation; adoration; reverence;

worship.

AdOmi6aOtive (?), a. Relating to or expressing admiration or

wonder. [R.]

Earle.

AdOmire6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Admired (?); p. pr. & vb.

n. Admiring (?).] [F. admirer, fr. L. admirari; ad + mirari

to wonder, for smirari, akin to Gr. ? to smile, Skr. smi,

and E. smile.] 1. To regard with wonder or astonishment; to

view with surprise; to marvel at. [Archaic]

Examples rather to be admired than imitated.

Fuller.

2. To regard with wonder and delight; to look upon with an

elevated feeling of pleasure, as something which calls out

approbation, esteem, love, or reverence; to estimate or

prize highly; as, to admire a person of high moral worth, to

admire a landscape.

Admired as heroes and as gods obeyed.

Pope.

5 Admire followed by the infinitive is obsolete or

colloquial; as, I admire to see a man consistent in his

conduct.

Syn. - To esteem; approve; delight in.

AdOmire6, v. i.To wonder; to marvel; to be affected with

surprise; - sometimes with at.

To wonder at Pharaoh, and even admire at myself.

Fuller.

AdOmired6 (?), a. 1. Regarded with wonder and delight;

highly prized; as, an admired poem.

2. Wonderful; also, admirable. [Obs.] =Admired disorder.8

= Admired Miranda.8

Shak.

AdOmir6er (?), n. One who admires; one who esteems or loves

greatly.

Cowper.

AdOmir6ing, a. Expressing admiration; as, an admiring

glance. - AdOmir6ingOly, adv.

Shak.

AdOmis7siObil6iOty (?), n. [Cf. F. admissibilit..] The

quality of being admissible; admissibleness; as, the

admissibility of evidence.

AdOmis6siOble (?), a. [F. admissible, LL. admissibilis. See

Admit.] Entitled to be admitted, or worthy of being

admitted; that may be allowed or conceded; allowable; as,

the supposition is hardly admissible. - AdOmis6siObleOness,

n. P AdOmis6siObly, adv.

AdOmis6sion (?), n. [L. admissio: cf. F. admission. See

Admit.] 1. The act or practice of admitting.

2. Power or permission to enter; admittance; entrance;

access; power to approach.

What numbers groan for sad admission there!

Young.

3. The granting of an argument or position not fully proved;

the act of acknowledging something ?serted; acknowledgment;

concession.

The too easy admission of doctrines.

Macaulay.

4. (Law) Acquiescence or concurrence in a statement made by

another, and distinguishable from a confession in that an

admission presupposes prior inquiry by another, but a

confession may be made without such inquiry.

5. A fact, point, or statement admitted; as, admission made

out of court are received in evidence.

6. (Eng. Eccl. Law) Declaration of the bishop that he

approves of the presentee as a fit person to serve the cure

of the church to which he is presented.

Shipley.

Syn. - Admittance; concession; acknowledgment; concurrence;

allowance. See Admittance.

AdOmis6sive (?), a.Implying an admission; tending to admit.

[R.]

Lamb.

AdOmis6soOry (?), a. Pertaining to admission.

AdOmit6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Admitted; p. pr. & vb. n.

Admitting.] [OE. amitten, L. admittere, admissum; ad +

mittere to send: cf. F. admettre, OF. admettre, OF. ametre.

See Missile.] 1. To suffer to enter; to grant entrance,

whether into a place, or into the mind, or consideration; to

receive; to take; as, they were into his house; to admit a

serious thought into the mind; to admit evidence in the

trial of a cause.

2. To give a right of entrance; as, a ticket one into a

playhouse.

3. To allow (one) to enter on an office or to enjoy a

privilege; to recognize as qualified for a franchise; as, to

admit an attorney to practice law; the prisoner was admitted

to bail.

4. To concede as true; to acknowledge or assent to, as an

allegation which it is impossible to deny; to own or

confess; as, the argument or fact is admitted; he admitted

his guilt.

5. To be capable of; to permit; as, the words do not admit

such a construction. In this sense, of may be used after the

verb, or may be omitted.

Both Houses declared that they could admit of no treaty with

the king.

Hume.

AdOmit6taOble (?), a. Admissible.

Sir T. Browne.

AdOmit6tance (?), n. 1. The act of admitting.

2. Permission to enter; the power or right of entrance;

also, actual entrance; reception.

To gain admittance into the house.

South.

He desires admittance to the king.

Dryden.

To give admittance to a thought of fear.

Shak.

3. Concession; admission; allowance; as, the admittance of

an argument. [Obs.]

Sir T. Browne.

4. Admissibility. [Obs. & R.]

Shak.

5. (Eng. Law) The act of giving possession of a copyhold

estate.

Bouvier.

Syn. - Admission; access; entrance; initiation. -

Admittance, Admission. These words are, to some extent, in a

state of transition and change. Admittance is now chiefly

confined to its primary sense of access into some locality

or building. Thus we see on the doors of factories, shops,

etc. =No admittance.8 Its secondary or moral sense, as

=admittance to the church,8 is almost entirely laid aside.

Admission has taken to itself the secondary or figurative

senses; as, admission to the rights of citizenship;

admission to the church; the admissions made by one of the

parties in a dispute. And even when used in its primary

sense, it is not identical with admittance. Thus, we speak

of admission into a country, territory, and other larger

localities, etc., where admittance could not be used. So,

when we speak of admission to a concert or other public

assembly, the meaning is not perhaps exactly that of

admittance, viz., access within the walls of the building,

but rather a reception into the audience, or access to the

performances. But the lines of distinction on this subject

are one definitely drawn.

X Ad7mitOta6tur (?), n. [L., let him be admitted.] The

certificate of admission given in some American colleges.

AdOmit6ted (?), a. Received as true or valid; acknowledged.

- AdOmit6tedOly, adv. Confessedly.

AdOmit6ter (?), n. One who admits.

AdOmix6 (?), v. t. [Pref. adO + mix: cf. L. admixtus, p. p.

of admiscere. See Mix.] To mingle with something else; to

mix. [R.]

AdOmix6tion (?; 106), n. [L. admixtio.] A mingling of

different things; admixture.

Glanvill.

AdOmix6ture (?; 135), n. [L. admiscere, admixtum, to admix;

ad + miscere to mix. See Mix.]

1. The act of mixing; mixture.

2. The compound formed by mixing different substances

together.

3. That which is mixed with anything.

AdOmon6ish (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Admonished (?); p. pr. &

vb. n. Admonishing.] [OE. amonesten, OF. amonester, F.

admonester, fr. a supposed LL. admonesstrare, fr. L.

admonere to remind, warn; ad + monere to warn. See

Monition.] 1. To warn or notify of a fault; to reprove

gently or kindly, but seriously; to exhort. =Admonish him as

a brother.8

2 Thess. iii. 15.

2. To counsel against wrong practices; to cation or advise;

to warn against danger or an offense; - followed by of,

against, or a subordinate clause.

Admonishing one another in psalms and hymns.

Col. iii. 16.

I warned thee, I admonished thee, foretold

The danger, and the lurking enemy.

Milton.

3. To instruct or direct; to inform; to notify.

Moses was admonished of God, when he was about to make the

tabernacle.

Heb. viii. 5.

AdOmon6ishOer (?), n. One who admonishes.

AdOmon6ishOment (?), n. [Cf. OF. amonestement,

admonestement.] Admonition. [R.]

Shak.

Ad7moOni6tion (?), n. [OE. amonicioun, OF. amonition, F.

admonition, fr. L. admonitio, fr. admonere. See Admonish.]

Gentle or friendly reproof; counseling against a fault or

error; expression of authoritative advice; friendly caution

or warning.

Syn. - Admonition, Reprehension, Reproof. Admonition is

prospective, and relates to moral delinquencies; its object

is to prevent further transgression. Reprehension and

reproof are retrospective, the former being milder than the

latter. A person of any age or station may be liable to

reprehension in case of wrong conduct; but reproof is the

act of a superior. It is authoritative fault-finding or

censure addressed to children or to inferiors.

Ad7moOni6tionOer (?), n. Admonisher. [Obs.]

AdOmon6iOtive (?), a. Admonitory. [R.] Barrow. P

AdOmon6iOtiveOly, adv.

AdOmon6iOtor (?), n. [L.] Admonisher; monitor.

Conscience is at most times a very faithful and prudent

admonitor.

Shenstone.

AdOmon7iOto6riOal (?), a. Admonitory. [R.] =An admonitorial

tone.8

Dickens.

AdOmon6iOtoOry (?), a. [LL. admonitorius.] That conveys

admonition; warning or reproving; as, an admonitory glance.

- AdOmon6iOtoOriOly (?), adv.

AdOmon6iOtrix (?), n. [L.] A female admonitor.

AdOmor7tiOza6tion (?), n. [LL. admortizatio. Cf.

Amortization.] (Law) The reducing or lands or tenements to

mortmain. See Mortmain.

AdOmove6 (?), v. t. [L. admovere. See Move.] To move or

conduct to or toward. [Obs.]

Sir T. Browne.

AdOnas6cent (?), a. [L. adnascens, p. pr. of adnasci to be

born, grow.] Growing to or on something else. =An adnascent

plant.8

Evelyn.

Ad6nate (?), a. [L. adnatus, p. p. of adnasci. See

Adnascent, and cf. Agnate.] 1. (Physiol.) Grown to

congenitally.

2. (Bot.) Growing together; - said only of organic cohesion

of unlike parts.

An anther is adnate when fixed by its whole length to the

filament.

Gray.

3. (Zo.l.) Growing with one side adherent to a stem; - a

term applied to the lateral zooids of corals and other

compound animals.

AdOna6tion (?), n. (Bot.) The adhesion or cohesion of

different floral verticils or sets of organs.

AdOnom6iOnal (?), a. [L. ad + nomen noun.] (Gram.)

Pertaining to an adnoun; adjectival; attached to a noun.

Gibbs. P AdOnom6iOnalOly, adv.

Ad6noun7 (?), n. [Pref. adO + noun.] (Gram.) An adjective,

or attribute. [R.]

Coleridge.

AdOnu6biOla7ted (?), a. [L. adnubilatus, p. p. of

adnubilare.] Clouded; obscured. [R.]

AOdo6 (?), (1) v. inf., (2) n. [OE. at do, northern form

for to do. Cf. Affair.] 1. To do; in doing; as, there is

nothing . =What is here ado?8

J. Newton.

2. Doing; trouble; difficulty; troublesome business; fuss;

bustle; as, to make a great ado about trifles.

With much ado, he partly kept awake.

Dryden.

Let's follow to see the end of this ado.

Shak.

X AOdo6be (?), n. [Sp.] An unburnt brick dried in the sun;

also used as an adjective, as, an adobe house, in Texas or

New Mexico.

Ad7oOles6cence (?), n. [Fr., fr. L. adolescentia.] The state

of growing up from childhood to manhood or womanhood; youth,

or the period of life between puberty and maturity,

generally considered to be, in the male sex, from fourteen

to twenty-one. Sometimes used with reference to the lower

animals.

Ad7oOles6cenOcy (?), n. The quality of being adolescent;

youthfulness.

Ad7oOles6cent (?), a. [L. adolescens, p. pr. of adolescere

to grow up to; ad + the inchoative olescere to grow: cf. F.

adolescent. See Adult.] Growing; advancing from childhood to

maturity.

Schools, unless discipline were doubly strong,

Detain their adolescent charge too long.

Cowper.

Ad7oOles6cent, n. A youth.

Ad7oOne6an (?), a. [L. Adon?us.] Pertaining to Adonis;

Adonic. =Fair Adonean Venus.8

Faber.

AOdon6ic (?), a. [F. adonique: cf. L. Adonius.] Relating to

Adonis, famed for his beauty. - n. An Adonic verse.

w verse, a verse consisting of a dactyl and spondee (?).

X AOdo6nis (?), n. [L., gr. Gr. ?.] 1. (Gr. Myth.) A youth

beloved by Venus for his beauty. He was killed in the chase

by a wild boar.

2. A pre minently beautiful young man; a dandy.

3. (Bot.) A genus of plants of the family Ranunculace?,

containing the pheasaut's eye (Adonis autumnalis); - named

from Adonis, whose blood was fabled to have stained the

flower.

AOdo6nist (?), n. [Heb. ?d?n>i my Lords.] One who maintains

that points of the Hebrew word translated =Jehovah8 are

really the vowel points of the word =Adonai.8 See Jehovist.

Ad6oOnize (?), v. t. [Cf. F. adoniser, fr. Adonis.] To

beautify; to dandify.

I employed three good hours at least in adjusting and

adonozing myself.

Smollett.

AOdoor (?), AOdoors (?), } At the door; of the door; as, out

adoors.

Shak.

I took him in adoors.

Vicar's Virgil (1630).

AOdopt6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adopted; p. pr. & vb. n.

Adopting.] [L. adoptare; ad + optare to choose, desire: cf.

F. adopter. See Option.] 1. To take by choice into

relationship, as, child, heir, friend, citizen, etc.; esp.

to take voluntarily (a child of other parents) to be in the

place of, or as, one's own child.

2. To take or receive as one's own what is not so naturally;

to select and take or approve; as, to adopt the view or

policy of another; these resolutions were adopted.

AOdopt6aOble (?), a. Capable of being adopted.

AOdopt6ed (?), a. Taken by adoption; taken up as one's own;

as, an adopted son, citizen, country, word. - AOdopt6edOly,

adv.

AOdopt6er (?), n. 1. One who adopts.

2. (Chem.) A receiver, with two necks, opposite to each

other, one of which admits the neck of a retort, and the

other is joined to another receiver. It is used in

distillations, to give more space to elastic vapors, to

increase the length of the neck of a retort, or to unite two

vessels whose openings have different diameters. [Written

also adapter.]

AOdop6tion (?), n. [L. adoptio, allied to adoptare to adopt:

cf. F. adoption.] 1. The act of adopting, or state of being

adopted; voluntary acceptance of a child of other parents to

be the same as one's own child.

2. Admission to a more intimate relation; reception; as, the

adoption of persons into hospitals or monasteries, or of one

society into another.

3. The choosing and making that to be one's own which

originally was not so; acceptance; as, the adoption of

opinions.

Jer. Taylor.

AOdop6tionOist, n. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect which

maintained that Christ was the Son of God not by nature but

by adoption.

AOdop6tious (?), a. Adopted. [Obs.]

AOdopt6ive (?), a. [L. adoptivus: cf. F. adoptif.]

Pertaining to adoption; made or acquired by adoption; fitted

to adopt; as, an adoptive father, an child; an adoptive

language. - AOdopt6iveOly, adv.

AOdor7aObil6iOty (?), n. Adorableness.

AOdor6aOble (?), a. [L. adorabilis, fr. adorare: cf. F.

adorable.] 1. Deserving to be adored; worthy of divine

honors.

The adorable Author of Christianity.

Cheyne.

2. Worthy of the utmost love or respect.

AOdor6aObleOness, n. The quality of being adorable, or

worthy of adoration.

Johnson.

AOdor6aObly, adv. In an adorable manner.

Ad7oOra6tion (?), n. [L. adoratio, fr. adorare: cf. F.

adoration.] 1. The act of playing honor to a divine being;

the worship paid to God; the act of addressing as a god.

The more immediate objects of popular adoration amongst the

heathens were deified human beings.

Farmer.

2. Homage paid to one in high esteem; profound veneration;

intense regard and love; fervent devotion.

3. A method of electing a pope by the expression of homage

from two thirds of the conclave.

[Pole] might have been chosen on the spot by adoration.

Froude.

AOdore6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adored (?); p. pr. & vb. n.

Adoring (?).] [OE. aouren, anouren, adoren, OF. aorer,

adorer, F. adorer, fr. L. adorare; ad + orare to speak,

pray, os, oris, mouth. In OE. confused with honor, the

French prefix aO being confused with OE. a, an, on. See

Oral.] 1. To worship with profound reverence; to pay divine

honors to; to honor as deity or as divine.

Bishops and priests, ... bearing the host, which he [James

?.] publicly adored.

Smollett.

2. To love in the highest degree; to regard with the utmost

esteem and affection; to idolize.

The great mass of the population abhorred Popery and adored

Montouth.

Macaulay.

AOdore6, v. t. To adorn. [Obs.]

Congealed little drops which do the morn adore.

Spenser.

AOdore6ment (?), n. The act of adoring; adoration. [Obs.]

Sir T. Browne.

AOdor6er (?), n. One who adores; a worshiper; one who

admires or loves greatly; an ardent admirer. =An adorer of

truth.8

Clarendon.

I profess myself her adorer, not her friend.

Shak.

AOdor6ingOly, adv. With adoration.

AOdorn6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adorned (?); p. pr. & vb.

n. Adorning.] [OE. aournen, anournen, adornen, OF. aorner,

fr. L. aaornare; ad + ornare to furnish, embellish. See

Adore, Ornate.] To deck or dress with ornaments; to

embellish; to set off to advantage; to render pleasing or

attractive.

As a bride adorneth herself with her jewels.

Isa. lxi. 10.

At church, with meek and unaffected grace,

His looks adorned the venerable place.

Goldsmith.

Syn. - To deck; decorate; embellish; ornament; beautify;

grace; dignify; exalt; honor. - To Adorn, Ornament,

Decorate, Embellish. We decorate and ornament by putting on

some adjunct which is attractive or beautiful, and which

serves to heighten the general effect. Thus, a lady's

head-dress may be ornament or decorated with flowers or

jewelry; a hall may be decorated or ornament with carving or

gilding, with wreaths of flowers, or with hangings.

Ornament is used in a wider sense than decorate. To

embellish is to beautify or ornament richly, not so much by

mere additions or details as by modifying the thing itself

as a whole. It sometimes means gaudy and artificial

decoration. We embellish a book with rich engravings; a

style is embellished with rich and beautiful imagery; a

shopkeeper embellishes his front window to attract

attention. Adorn is sometimes identical with decorate, as

when we say, a lady was adorned with jewels. In other cases,

it seems to imply something more. Thus, we speak of a

gallery of paintings as adorned with the works of some of

the great masters, or adorned with noble statuary and

columns. Here decorated and ornamented would hardly be

appropriate. There is a value in these works of genius

beyond mere show and ornament. Adorn may be used of what is

purely moral; as, a character adorned with every Christian

grace. Here neither decorate, nor ornament, nor embellish is

proper.

AOdorn6, n. Adornment. [Obs.]

Spenser.

AOdorn6, a. Adorned; decorated. [Obs.]

Milton.

Ad7orOna6tion (?), n. Adornment. [Obs.]

AOdorn6er (?), n. He who, or that which, adorns; a

beautifier.

AOdorn6ingOly, adv. By adorning; decoratively.

AOdorn6ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. adornement. See Adorn.] An

adorning; an ornament; a decoration.

AdOos6cuOla6tion (?), n. [L. adosculari, adosculatum, to

kiss. See Osculate.] (Biol.) Impregnation by external

contact, without intromission.

AOdown6 (?), adv. [OE. adun, adoun, adune. AS. of d?ne off

the hill. See Down.] From a higher to a lower situation;

downward; down, to or on the ground. [Archaic] =Thrice did

she sink adown.8

Spenser.

AOdown6, prep. Down. [Archaic & Poetic]

Her hair adown her shoulders loosely lay displayed.

Prior.

AdOpress6 (?), v. t. [L. adpressus, p. p. of adprimere.]

See Appressed. - AdOpressed6 (?), a.

AOdrad6 (?), p. a. [P. p. of adread.] Put in dread; afraid.

[Obs.]

Chaucer.

Ad6raOgant (?), n. [F., a corruption of tragacanth.] Gum

tragacanth.

Brande & C.

AOdread6 (?), v. t. & i. [AS. andr.dan, ondr.; pref. aO (for

and against) + dr.den to dread. See Dread.] To dread. [Obs.]

Sir P. Sidney.

AOdreamed6 (?), p. p. Visited by a dream; - used in the

phrase, To be adreamed, to dream. [Obs.]

AdOre6nal (?), a. [Pref. adO + renal.] (Anat.) Suprarenal.

A6driOan (?), a. [L. Hadrianus.] Pertaining to the Adriatic

Sea; as, Adrian billows.

A7driOat6ic (?), a. [L. Adriaticus, Hadriaticus, fr. Adria

or Hadria, a town of the Veneti.] Of or pertaining to a sea

so named, the northwestern part of which is known as the

Gulf of Venice.

AOdrift6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO (for on) + drift.]

Floating at random; in a drifting condition; at the mercy of

wind and waves. Also fig.

So on the sea shall be set adrift.

Dryden.

Were from their daily labor turned adrift.

Wordsworth.

AOdrip6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO in + drip.] In a dripping

state; as, leaves all adrip.

D. G. Mitchell.

Ad6roOgate (?), v. t. [See Arrogate.] (Rom. L?w) To adopt (a

person who is his own master).

Ad7roOga6tion (?), n. [L. adrogatio, arrogatio, fr.

adrogare. See Arrogate.] (Rom. Law) A kind of adoption in

ancient Rome. See Arrogation.

AOdroit6 (?), a. [F. adroit; . (L. ad) = droit straight,

right, fr. L. directus, p. p. of dirigere. See Direct.]

Dexterous in the use of the hands or in the exercise of the

mental faculties; exhibiting skill and readiness in avoiding

danger or escaping difficulty; ready in invention or

execution; - applied to persons and to acts; as, an adroit

mechanic, an adroit reply. =Adroit in the application of the

telescope and quadrant.8 Horsley. =He was adroit in

intrigue.8

Macaulay.

Syn. - Dexterous; skillful; expert; ready; clever; deft;

ingenious; cunning; ready-witted.

AOdroit6ly, adv. In an adroit manner.

AOdroit6ness, n. The quality of being adroit; skill and

readiness; dexterity.

Adroitness was as requisite as courage.

Motley.

Syn. - See Skill.

AOdry6 (?), a. [Pref. aO (for on) + dry.] In a dry or

thirsty condition. =A man that is adry.8

Burton.

Ad7sciOti6tious (?), a. [L. adscitus, p. p. of adsciscere,

asciscere, to take knowingly; ad + sciscere to seek to know,

approve, scire to know.] Supplemental; additional;

adventitious; ascititious. =Adscititious evidence.8 Bowring.

P Ad7sciOti6tiousOly, adv.

Ad6script (?), a. [L. adscriptus, p. p. of adscribere to

enroll. See Ascribe.] Held to service as attached to the

soil; - said of feudal serfs.

Ad6script (?), n. One held to service as attached to the

glebe or estate; a feudal serf.

Bancroft.

AdOscrip6tive (?), a.[L. adscriptivus. See Adscript.]

Attached or annexed to the glebe or estate and transferable

with it.

Brougham.

AdOsig7niOfiOca6tion (?), n. Additional signification. [R.]

Tooke.

AdOsig6niOfy (?), v. t. [L. adsignificare to show.] To

denote additionally. [R.]

Tooke.

AdOstrict6 (?), v. t. P AdOstric6tion (?), n. See Astrict,

and Astriction.

AdOstric6toOry (?), a. See Astrictory.

AdOstrin6gent (?), a. See Astringent.

X Ad7uOla6riOa (?), n. [From Adula, a mountain peak in

Switzerland, where fine specimens are found.] (Min.) A

transparent or translucent variety of common feldspar, or

orthoclase, which often shows pearly opalescent reflections;

- called by lapidaries moonstone.

Ad6uOlate (?), v. t. [L. adulatus, p. p. of adulari.] To

flatter in a servile way.

Byron.

Ad7uOla6tion (?), n. [F. adulation, fr. L. adulatio, fr.

adulari, adulatum, to flatter.] Servile flattery; praise in

excess, or beyond what is merited.

Think'st thou the fiery fever will go out

With titles blown from adulation?

Shak.

Syn. - Sycophancy; cringing; fawning; obsequiousness;

blandishment. - Adulation, Flattery, Compliment. Men deal in

compliments from a desire to please; they use flattery

either from undue admiration, or a wish to gratify vanity;

they practice adulation from sordid motives, and with a

mingled spirit of falsehood and hypocrisy. Compliment may be

a sincere expression of due respect and esteem, or it may be

unmeaning; flattery is apt to become gross; adulation is

always servile, and usually fulsome.

Ad6uOla7tor (?), n.b [L., fr. adulari: cf. F. adulateur.] A

servile or hypocritical flatterer.

Carlyle.

Ad6uOlaOtoOry (?), a. [L. adulatorius, fr. adulari: cf. OF.

adulatoire.] Containing excessive praise or compliment;

servilely praising; flattering; as, an adulatory address.

A mere rant of adulatory freedom.

Burke.

Ad6uOla7tress (?), n. A woman who flatters with servility.

AOdult6 (?), a. [L. adultus, p. p. of adolescere, akin to

alere to nourish: cf. F. adulte. See Adolescent, Old.]

Having arrived at maturity, or to full size and strength;

matured; as, an adult person or plant; an adult ape; an

adult age.

AOdult6, n. A person, animal, or plant grown to full size

and strength; one who has reached maturity.

5 In the common law, the term is applied to a person who has

attained full age or legal majority; in the civil law, to

males after the age of fourteen, and to females after

twelve.

Bouvier. Burrill.

AOdul6ter (?), v. i. [L. adulterare.] To commit adultery; to

pollute. [Obs.]

B. Jonson.

AOdul6terOant (?), n. [L. adulterans, p. pr. of adulterare.]

That which is used to adulterate anything. - a.

Adulterating; as, adulterant agents and processes.

AOdul6terOate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adulterated (?); p.

pr. & vb. n Adulterating (?).] [L. adulteratus, p. p. of

adulterare, fr. adulter adulterer, prob. fr. ad + alter

other, properly one who approaches another on account of

unlawful love. Cf. Advoutry.]

1. To defile by adultery. [Obs.]

Milton.

2. To corrupt, debase, or make impure by an admixture of a

foreign or a baser substance; as, to adulterate food, drink,

drugs, coin, etc.

The present war has... adulterated our tongue with strange

words.

Spectator.

Syn. - To corrupt; defile; debase; contaminate; vitiate;

sophisticate.

AOdul6terOate, v. i. To commit adultery. [Obs.]

AOdul6terOate (?), a. 1. Tainted with adultery.

2. Debased by the admixture of a foreign substance;

adulterated; spurious.

- AOdul6terOateOly, adv. P AOdul6terOateOness, n.

AOdul7terOa6tion (?), n. [L. adulteratio.] 1. The act of

adulterating; corruption, or debasement (esp. of food or

drink) by foreign mixture.

The shameless adulteration of the coin.

Prescott.

2. An adulterated state or product.

AOdul6terOa7tor (?), n. [L.] One who adulterates or

corrupts. [R.]

Cudworth.

AOdul6terOer (?), n. [Formed fr. the verb adulter, with the

E. ending Oer. See Advoutrer.] 1. A man who commits

adultery; a married man who has sexual intercourse with a

woman not his wife.

2. (Script.) A man who violates his religious covenant.

Jer. ix. 2.

AOdul6terOess (?), n. [Fem. from L. adulter. Cf.

Advoutress.] 1. A woman who commits adultery.

2. (Script.) A woman who violates her religious engagements.

James iv. 4.

AOdul6terOine (?), a.[L. adulterinus, fr. adulter.]

Proceeding from adulterous intercourse. Hence: Spurious;

without the support of law; illegal.

When any particular class of artificers or traders thought

proper to act as a corporation without a charter, such were

called adulterine guilds.

Adam Smith.

AOdul6terOine, n. An illegitimate child. [R.]

AOdul6terOize (?), v. i. To commit adultery.

Milton.

AOdul6terOous (?), a. 1. Guilty of, or given to, adultery;

pertaining to adultery; illicit.

Dryden.

2. Characterized by adulteration; spurious. =An adulterous

mixture.8 [Obs.]

Smollett.

AOdul6terOousOly, adv. In an adulterous manner.

AOdul6terOy (?), n.; pl. Adulteries (?). [L. adulterium. See

Advoutry.] 1. The unfaithfulness of a married person to the

marriage bed; sexual intercourse by a married man with

another than his wife, or voluntary sexual intercourse by a

married woman with another than her husband.

5 It is adultery on the part of the married wrongdoer.

The word has also been used to characterize the act of an

unmarried participator, the other being married. In the

United States the definition varies with the local statutes.

Unlawful intercourse between two married persons is

sometimes called double adultery; between a married and an

unmarried person, single adultery.

2. Adulteration; corruption. [Obs.]

B. Jonson.

3. (Script.) (a) Lewdness or unchastity of thought as well

as act, as forbidden by the seventh commandment. (b)

Faithlessness in religion.

Jer. iii. 9.

4. (Old Law) The fine and penalty imposed for the offense of

adultery.

5. (Eccl.) The intrusion of a person into a bishopric during

the life of the bishop.

6. Injury; degradation; ruin. [Obs.]

You might wrest the caduceus out of my hand to the adultery

and spoil of nature.

B. Jonson.

AOdult6ness (?), n. The state of being adult.

AdOum6brant (?), a. [L. adumbrans, p. pr. of adumbrare.]

Giving a faint shadow, or slight resemblance; shadowing

forth.

AdOum6brate (?), v. t. [L. adumbratus, p. p. of adumbrare;

ad + umbrare to shade; umbra shadow.]

4. To give a faint shadow or slight representation of; to

outline; to shadow forth.

Both in the vastness and the richness of the visible

universe the invisible God is adumbrated.

L. Taylor.

2. To overshadow; to shade.

Ad7umObra6tion (?), n. [L. adumbratio.] 1. The act of

adumbrating, or shadowing forth.

2. A faint sketch; an outline; an imperfect portrayal or

representation of a thing.

Elegant adumbrations of sacred truth.

Bp. Horsley.

3. (Her.) The shadow or outlines of a figure.

AdOum6braOtive (?), a. Faintly representing; typical.

Carlyle.

Ad7uOna6tion (?), n. [L. adunatio; ad + unus one.] A

uniting; union.

Jer. Taylor.

AOdunc6, AOdunque6 (?), a. (Zo.l.) Hooked; as, a parrot has

an adunc bill.

AOdun6ciOty (?), n. [L. aduncitas. See Aduncous.] Curvature

inwards; hookedness.

The aduncity of the beaks of hawks.

Pope.

AOdun6cous (?), a. [L. aduncus; ad + uncus hooked, hook.]

Curved inwards; hooked.

AOdure6 (?), v. t. [L. adurere; ad + urere to burn.] To burn

up. [Obs.]

Bacon.

AOdust6 (?), a. [L. adustus, p. p. of adurere: cf. F.

aduste.] 1. Inflamed or scorched; fiery. =The Libyan air

adust.=

Milton.

2. Looking as if or scorched; sunburnt.

A tall, thin man, of an adust complexion.

Sir W. Scott.

3. (Med.) Having much heat in the constitution and little

serum in the blood. [Obs.] Hence: Atrabilious; sallow;

gloomy.

AOdust6ed, a. Burnt; adust. [Obs.]

Howell.

AOdust6iOble (?), a. That may be burnt. [Obs.]

AOdus6tion (?; 106), n. [L. adustio, fr. adurere, adustum:

cf. F. adustion.] 1. The act of burning, or heating to

dryness; the state of being thus heated or dried. [Obs. or

R.]

Harvey.

2. (Surg.) Cauterization.

Buchanan.

X Ad vaOlo6rem (?). [L., according to the value.] (Com.) A

term used to denote a duty or charge laid upon goods, at a

certain rate per cent upon their value, as stated in their

invoice, P in opposition to a specific sum upon a given

quantity or number; as, an ad valorem duty of twenty per

cent.

AdOvance6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Advanced (?); p. pr. &

vb. n. Advancing (?)(?).] [OE. avancen, avauncen, F.

avancer, fr. a supposed LL. abantiare; ab + ante (F. avant)

before. The spelling with d was a mistake, aO being supposed

to be fr. L. ad. See Avaunt.] 1. To bring forward; to move

towards the van or front; to make to go on.

2. To raise; to elevate. [Archaic]

They... advanced their eyelids.

Shak.

3. To raise to a higher rank; to promote.

Ahasueres... advanced him, and set his seat above all the

princes.

Esther iii. 1.

4. To accelerate the growth or progress; to further; to

forward; to help on; to aid; to heighten; as, to advance the

ripening of fruit; to advance one's interests.

5. To bring to view or notice; to offer or propose; to show;

as, to advance an argument.

Some ne'er advance a judgment of their own.

Pope.

6. To make earlier, as an event or date; to hasten.

7. To furnish, as money or other value, before it becomes

due, or in aid of an enterprise; to supply beforehand; as, a

merchant advances money on a contract or on goods consigned

to him.

8. To raise to a higher point; to enhance; to raise in rate;

as, to advance the price of goods.

9. To extol; to laud. [Obs.]

Greatly advancing his gay chivalry.

Spenser.

Syn. P To raise; elevate; exalt; aggrandize; improve;

heighten; accelerate; allege; adduce; assign.

AdOvance6, v. i. 1. To move or go forward; to proceed; as,

he advanced to greet me.

2. To increase or make progress in any respect; as, to

advance in knowledge, in stature, in years, in price.

3. To rise in rank, office, or consequence; to be preferred

or promoted.

Advanced to a level with ancient peers.

Prescott.

AdOvance6, n. [Cf. F. avance, fr. avancer. See Advance, v.]

1. The act of advancing or moving forward or upward;

progress.

2. Improvement or progression, physically, mentally,

morally, or socially; as, an advance in health, knowledge,

or religion; an advance in rank or office.

3. An addition to the price; rise in price or value; as, an

advance on the prime cost of goods.

4. The first step towards the attainment of a result;

approach made to gain favor, to form an acquaintance, to

adjust a difference, etc.; an overture; a tender; an offer;

P usually in the plural.

[He] made the like advances to the dissenters.

Swift.

5. A furnishing of something before an equivalent is

received (as money or goods), towards a capital or stock, or

on loan; payment beforehand; the money or goods thus

furnished; money or value supplied beforehand.

I shall, with pleasure, make the necessary advances.

Jay.

The account was made up with intent to show what advances

had been made.

Kent.

In advance (a) In front; before. (b) Beforehand; before an

equivalent is received. (c) In the state of having advanced

money on account; as, A is advance to B a thousand dollars

or pounds.

AdOvance6 (?), a. Before in place, or beforehand in time; P

used for advanced; as, an advance guard, or that before the

main guard or body of an army; advance payment, or that made

before it is due; advance proofs, advance sheets, pages of a

forthcoming volume, received in advance of the time of

publication.

AdOvanced6 (?), a. 1. In the van or front.

2. In the front or before others, as regards progress or

ideas; as, advanced opinions, advanced thinkers.

3. Far on in life or time.

A gentleman advanced in years, with a hard experience

written in his wrinkles.

Hawthorne.

Advanced guard, a detachment of troops which precedes the

march of the main body.

AdOvance6ment (?), n. [OE. avancement, F. avancement. See

Advance, v. t.] 1. The act of advancing, or the state of

being advanced; progression; improvement; furtherance;

promotion to a higher place or dignity; as, the advancement

of learning.

In heaven... every one (so well they love each other)

rejoiceth and hath his part in each other's advancement.

Sir T. More.

True religion... proposes for its end the joint advancement

of the virtue and happiness of the people.

Horsley.

2. An advance of money or value; payment in advance. See

Advance, 5.

3. (Law) Property given, usually by a parent to a child, in

advance of a future distribution.

4. Settlement on a wife, or jointure. [Obs.]

Bacon.

AdOvan6cer (?), n. 1. One who advances; a promoter.

2. A second branch of a buck's antler.

Howell.

AdOvan6cive (?), a. Tending to advance. [R.]

AdOvan6tage (?; 61, 48), n. [OE. avantage, avauntage, F.

avantage, fr. avant before. See Advance, and cf. Vantage.]

1. Any condition, circumstance, opportunity, or means,

particularly favorable to success, or to any desired end;

benefit; as, the enemy had the advantage of a more elevated

position.

Give me advantage of some brief discourse.

Shak.

The advantages of a close alliance.

Macaulay.

2. Superiority; mastery; P with of or over.

Lest Satan should get an advantage of us.

2 Cor. ii. 11.

3. Superiority of state, or that which gives it; benefit;

gain; profit; as, the advantage of a good constitution.

4. Interest of money; increase; overplus (as the thirteenth

in the baker's dozen). [Obs.]

And with advantage means to pay thy love.

Shak.

Advantage ground, vantage ground. [R.] Clarendon. P To have

the advantage of (any one), to have a personal knowledge of

one who does not have a reciprocal knowledge. =You have the

advantage of me; I don't remember ever to have had the

honor.8 Sheridan. P To take advantage of, to profit by;

(often used in a bad sense) to overreach, to outwit.

Syn. P Advantage, Advantageous, Benefit, Beneficial. We

speak of a thing as a benefit, or as beneficial, when it is

simply productive of good; as, the benefits of early

discipline; the beneficial effects of adversity. We speak of

a thing as an advantage, or as advantageous, when it affords

us the means of getting forward, and places us on a =vantage

ground8 for further effort. Hence, there is a difference

between the benefits and the advantages of early education;

between a beneficial and an advantageous investment of

money.

AdOvan6tage, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Advantaged (?); p. pr. &

vb. n. Advantaging (?).] [F. avantager, fr. avantage. See

Advance.] To give an advantage to; to further; to promote;

to benefit; to profit.

The truth is, the archbishop's own stiffness and averseness

to comply with the court designs, advantaged his adversaries

against him.

Fuller.

What is a man advantaged, if he gain the whole world, and

lose himself, or be cast away?

Luke ix. 25.

To advantage one's self of, to avail one's self of. [Obs.]

AdOvan6tageOaOble (?), a. Advantageous. [Obs.]

Ad7vanOta6geous (?), a. [F. avantageux, fr. avantage.] Being

of advantage; conferring advantage; gainful; profitable;

useful; beneficial; as, an advantageous position; trade is

advantageous to a nation.

Advabtageous comparison with any other country.

Prescott.

You see... of what use a good reputation is, and how swift

and advantageous a harbinger it is, wherever one goes.

Chesterfield.

Ad7vanOta6geousOly, adv. Profitably; with advantage.

Ad7vanOta6geousOness, n. Profitableness.

AdOvene6 (?), v. i. [L. advenire; ad + venire to come: cf.

F. avenir, advenir. See Come.] To accede, or come (to); to

be added to something or become a part of it, though not

essential. [R.]

Where no act of the will advenes as a coefficient.

Coleridge.

AdOven6ient (?), a. [L. adviens, p. pr. Coming from outward

causes; superadded. [Obs.]

Ad7vent (?), n. [L. adventus, fr. advenire, adventum: cf. F.

avent. See Advene.] 1. (Eccl.) The period including the four

Sundays before Christmas.

Advent Sunday (Eccl.), the first Sunday in the season of

Advent, being always the nearest Sunday to the feast of St.

Andrew (Now. 30).

Shipley.

2. The first or the expected second coming of Christ.

3. Coming; any important arrival; approach.

Death's dreadful advent.

Young.

Expecting still his advent home.

Tennyson.

Ad6ventOist (?), n. One of a religious body, embracing

several branches, who look for the proximate personal coming

of Christ; P called also Second Adventists.

SchaffPHerzog Encyc.

Ad7venOti6tious (?), a. [L. adventitius.] 1. Added

extrinsically; not essentially inherent; accidental or

causal; additional; supervenient; foreign.

To things of great dimensions, if we annex an adventitious

idea of terror, they become without comparison greater.

Burke.

2. (Nat. Hist.) Out of the proper or usual place; as,

adventitious buds or roots.

3. (Bot.) Accidentally or sparingly spontaneous in a country

or district; not fully naturalized; adventive; P applied to

foreign plants.

4. (Med.) Acquired, as diseases; accidental.

P Ad7venOti6tiousOly, adv. P Ad7venOti6tiousOness, n.

AdOven6tive (?), a. 1. Accidental.

2. (Bot.) Adventitious.

Gray.

AdOven6tive, n. A thing or person coming from without; an

immigrant. [R.]

Bacon.

AdOven6tuOal (?; 135), a. Relating to the season of advent.

Sanderson.

AdOven6ture (?; 135), n. [OE. aventure, aunter, anter, F.

aventure, fr. LL. adventura, fr. L. advenire, adventum, to

arrive, which in the Romance languages took the sense of =to

happen, befall.8 See Advene.]

1. That which happens without design; chance; hazard; hap;

hence, chance of danger or loss.

Nay, a far less good to man it will be found, if she must,

at all adventures, be fastened upon him individually.

Milton.

2. Risk; danger; peril. [Obs.]

He was in great adventure of his life.

Berners.

3. The encountering of risks; hazardous and striking

enterprise; a bold undertaking, in which hazards are to be

encountered, and the issue is staked upon unforeseen events;

a daring feat.

He loved excitement and adventure.

Macaulay.

4. A remarkable occurrence; a striking event; a stirring

incident; as, the adventures of one's life.

Bacon.

5. A mercantile or speculative enterprise of hazard; a

venture; a shipment by a merchant on his own account.

A bill of adventure (Com.), a writing setting forth that the

goods shipped are at the owner's risk.

Syn. P Undertaking; enterprise; venture; event.

AdOven6ture, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adventured (?); p. pr. &

vb. n. Adventuring (?).] [OE. aventuren, auntren, F.

aventurer, fr. aventure. See Adventure, n.] 1. To risk, or

hazard; jeopard; to venture.

He would not adventure himself into the theater.

Acts xix. 31.

2. To venture upon; to run the risk of; to dare.

Yet they adventured to go back.

Bunyan,

Discriminations might be adventured.

J. Taylor.

AdOven6ture, v. i. To try the chance; to take the risk.

I would adventure for such merchandise.

Shak.

AdOven6tureOful (?), a. Given to adventure.

AdOven6turOer (?), n. [Cf. F. aventurier.]

1. One who adventures; as, the merchant adventurers; one who

seeks his fortune in new and hazardous or perilous

enterprises.

2. A social pretender on the lookout for advancement.

AdOven6tureOsome (?), a. Full of risk; adventurous;

venturesome. P AdOven6tureOsomeOness, n.

AdOven6turOess (?), n. A female adventurer; a woman who

tries to gain position by equivocal means.

AdOven6turOous (?), a. [OE. aventurous, aunterous, OF.

aventuros, F. aventureux, fr. aventure. See Adventure, n.]

1. Inclined to adventure; willing to incur hazard; prone to

embark in hazardous enterprise; rashly daring; P applied to

persons.

Bold deed thou hast presumed, adventurous Eve.

Milton.

2. Full of hazard; attended with risk; exposing to danger;

requiring courage; rash; P applied to acts; as, an

adventurous undertaking, deed, song.

Syn. P Rash; foolhardy; presumptuous; enterprising; daring;

hazardous; venturesome. See Rash.

AdOven6turOousOly, adv. In an adventurous manner;

venturesomely; boldly; daringly.

AdOven6turOousOness, n. The quality or state of being

adventurous; daring; venturesomeness.

Ad6verb (?), n. [L. adverbium; ad + verbum word, verb: cf.

F. adverbe.] (Gram.) A word used to modify the sense of a

verb, participle, adjective, or other adverb, and usually

placed near it; as, he writes well; paper extremely white.

AdOver6biOal (?), a. [L. adverbialis: cf. F. adverbial.] Of

or pertaining to an adverb; of the nature of an adverb; as,

an adverbial phrase or form.

AdOver7biOal6iOty (?), n. The quality of being adverbial.

Earle.

AdOver6biOalOize (?), v. t. To give the force or form of an

adverb to.

AdOver6biOalOly, adv. In the manner of an adverb.

X Ad7verOsa6riOa (?), n. pl. [L. adversaria (sc. scripta),

neut. pl. of adversarius.] A miscellaneous collection of

notes, remarks, or selections; a commonplace book; also,

commentaries or notes.

These parchments are supposed to have been St. Paul's

adversaria.

Bp. Bull.

Ad7verOsa6riOous (?), a. Hostile. [R.]

Southey.

Ad7verOsaOry (?), n.; pl. Adversaries (?). [OE. adversarie,

direct fr. the Latin, and adversaire, fr. OF. adversier,

aversier, fr. L. adversarius (a.) turned toward, (n.) an

adversary. See Adverse.] One who is turned against another

or others with a design to oppose

or resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an

opponent; an antagonist; an enemy; a foe.

His ancient knot of dangerous adversaries.

Shak.

Agree with thine adversary quickly.

Matt. v. 25.

It may be thought that to vindicate the permanency of truth

is to dispute without an adversary.

Beattie.

The Adversary, The Satan, or the Devil.

Syn. - Adversary, Enemy, Opponent, Antagonist. Enemy is the

only one of these words which necessarily implies a state of

personal hostility. Men may be adversaries, antagonists, or

opponents to each other in certain respects, and yet have no

feelings of general animosity. An adversary may be simply

one who is placed for a time in a hostile position, as in a

lawsuit, an argument, in chess playing, or at fence. An

opponent is one who is ranged against another (perhaps

passively) on the opposing side; as a political opponent, an

opponent in debate. An antagonist is one who struggles

against another with active effort, either in a literal

fight or in verbal debate.

Ad6verOsaOry (?), a. 1. Opposed; opposite; adverse;

antagonistic. [Archaic]

Bp. King.

2. (Law) Having an opposing party; not unopposed; as, an

adversary suit.

AdOver6saOtive (?), a. [L. adversativus, fr. adversari.]

Expressing contrariety, opposition, or antithesis; as, an

adversative conjunction (but, however, yet, etc.); an

adversative force. - AdOver6saOtiveOly, adv.

AdOver6saOtive, n. An adversative word.

Harris.

Ad6verse (?), a. [OE. advers, OF. avers, advers, fr. L.

adversus, p. p. advertere to turn to. See Advert.]

1. Acting against, or in a contrary direction; opposed;

contrary; opposite; conflicting; as, adverse winds; an

adverse party; a spirit adverse to distinctions of caste.

2. Opposite. =Calpe's adverse height.8

Byron.

3. In hostile opposition to; unfavorable; unpropitious;

contrary to one's wishes; unfortunate; calamitous;

afflictive; hurtful; as, adverse fates, adverse

circumstances, things adverse.

Happy were it for us all if we bore prosperity as well and

wisely as we endure an adverse fortune.

Southey.

w possession (Law), a possession of real property avowedly

contrary to some claim of title in another person.

Abbott.

Syn. - Averse; reluctant; unwilling. See Averse.

AdOverse6 (?), v. t. [L. adversari: cf. OF. averser.] To

oppose; to resist. [Obs.]

Gower.

Ad6verseOly (277), adv. In an adverse manner; inimically;

unfortunately; contrariwise.

Ad6verseOness, n. The quality or state of being adverse;

opposition.

AdOver7siOfo6liOate (?), AdOver7siOfo6liOous (?) } a. [L.

adver + folium leaf.] (Bot.) Having opposite leaves, as

plants which have the leaves so arranged on the stem.

AdOver6sion (?), n.[L. adversio] A turning towards;

attention. [Obs.]

Dr. H. More.

AdOver6siOty (?), n.; pl. Adversities (?).[OE. adversite, F.

adversit., fr. L. adversitas.] 1. Opposition; contrariety.

[Obs.]

Wyclif.

2. A condition attended with severe trials; a state of

adverse fortune; misfortune; calamity; affliction, trial; -

opposed to wellPbeing or prosperity.

Adversity is not without comforts and hopes.

Bacon.

Syn. - Affliction; distress; misery; disaster; trouble;

suffering; trial.

AdOvert6 (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Adverted; p. pr. & vb. n.

Adverting.] [L. advertere, v. t., to turn to; ad + vertere

to turn: cf. F. avertir. See Advertise.] To turn the mind or

attention; to refer; to take heed or notice; - with to; as,

he adverted to what was said.

I may again advert to the distinction.

Owen.

Syn.- To refer; allude; regard. See Refer.

AdOvert6ence (?), AdOvert6enOcy (?), } [OF. advertence,

avertence, LL. advertentia, fr. L. advertens. See

Advertent.] The act of adverting, of the quality of being

advertent; attention; notice; regard; heedfulness.

To this difference it is right that advertence should be had

in regulating taxation.

J. S. Mill.

AdOvert6ent (?), a. [L. advertens, Oentis, p. pr. of

advertere. See Advert.] Attentive; heedful; regardful. Sir

M. Hale. P AdOvert6entOly, adv.

Ad7verOtise6 (?; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Advertised (?);

p. pr. & vb. n. Advertising (?).] [F. avertir, formerly also

spelt advertir, to warn, give notice to, L. advertere to

turn to. The ending was probably influenced by the noun

advertisement. See Advert.] To give notice to; to inform or

apprise; to notify; to make known; hence, to warn; - often

followed by of before the subject of information; as, to

advertise a man of his loss. [Archaic]

I will advertise thee what this people shall do.

Num. xxiv. 14.

4. To give public notice of; to announce publicly, esp. by a

printed notice; as, to advertise goods for sale, a lost

article, the sailing day of a vessel, a political meeting.

Syn. - To apprise; inform; make known; notify; announce;

proclaim; promulgate; publish.

AdOver6tiseOment (?; 277), n. [F.avertisement, formerly also

spelled advertissement, a warning, giving notice, fr.

avertir.] 1. The act of informing or notifying;

notification. [Archaic]

An advertisement of danger.

Bp. Burnet.

2. Admonition; advice; warning. [Obs.]

Therefore give me no counsel:

My griefs cry louder than advertisement.

Shak.

3. A public notice, especially a paid notice in some public

print; anything that advertises; as, a newspaper containing

many advertisement.

Ad7verOtis6er (?), n. One who, or that which, advertises.

AdOvice6 (?), n. [OE. avis, F. avis; ? + OF. vis, fr. L.

visum seemed, seen; really p. p. of videre to see, so that

vis meant that which has seemed best. See Vision, and cf.

Avise, Advise.] 1. An opinion recommended or offered, as

worthy to be followed; counsel.

We may give advice, but we can not give conduct.

Franklin.

2. Deliberate consideration; knowledge. [Obs.]

How shall I dote on her with more advice,

That thus without advice begin to love her?

Shak.

3. Information or notice given; intelligence; as, late

advices from France; - commonly in the plural.

5 In commercial language, advice usually means information

communicated by letter; - used chiefly in reference to

drafts or bills of exchange; as, a letter of advice.

McElrath.

4. (Crim. Law) Counseling to perform a specific illegal act.

Wharton.

w boat, a vessel employed to carry dispatches or to

reconnoiter; a dispatch boat. P To take ~. (a) To accept

advice. (b) To consult with another or others.

Syn. - Counsel; suggestion; recommendation; admonition;

exhortation; information; notice.

AdOvis7aObil6iOty (?), n. The quality of being advisable;

advisableness.

AdOvis6aOble (?), a. 1. Proper to be advised or to be done;

expedient; prudent.

Some judge it advisable for a man to account with his heart

every day.

South.

2. Ready to receive advice. [R.]

South.

Syn. - Expedient; proper; desirable; befitting.

AdOvis6aObleOness, n. The quality of being advisable or

expedient; expediency; advisability.

AdOvis6aObly, adv. With advice; wisely.

AdOvise6 (?), v. t.[imp. & p. p. Advised (?); p. pr. & vb.

n. Advising (?).] [OE. avisen to perceive, consider, inform,

F. aviser, fr. LL. advisare. advisare; ad + visare, fr. L.

videre, visum, to see. See Advice, and cf. Avise.] 1. To

give advice to; to offer an opinion, as worthy or expedient

to be followed; to counsel; to warn. =I shall no more advise

thee.8

Milton.

2. To give information or notice to; to inform; - with of

before the thing communicated; as, we were advised of the

risk.

To ~ one's self, to bethink one's self; to take counsel with

one's self; to reflect; to consider. [Obs.]

Bid thy master well advise himself.

Shak.

Syn. - To counsel; admonish; apprise; acquaint.

AdOvise6, v. t. 1. To consider; to deliberate. [Obs.]

Advise if this be worth attempting.

Milton.

2. To take counsel; to consult; - followed by with; as, to

advise with friends.

AdOvis6edOly (?), adv. 1. Circumspectly; deliberately;

leisurely. [Obs.]

Shak.

2. With deliberate purpose; purposely; by design. =

=Advisedly undertaken.8

Suckling.

AdOvise6ment (?), n. [OE. avisement, F. avisement, fr.

aviser. See Advise, and cf. Avisement.]

1. Counsel; advise; information. [Archaic]

And mused awhile, waking advisement takes of what had passed

in sleep.

Daniel.

2. Consideration; deliberation; consultation.

Tempering the passion with advisement slow.

Spenser.

AdOvis6er (?), n. One who advises.

AdOvis6erOship, n. The office of an adviser. [R.]

AdOvi6so (?), n. [Cf. Sp. aviso. See Advice.] Advice;

counsel; suggestion; also, a dispatch or advice boat. [Obs.]

Sir T. Browne.

AdOvi6soOry (?), a. Having power to advise; containing

advice; as, an advisory council; their opinion is merely

advisory.

The General Association has a general advisory

superintendence over all the ministers and churches.

Trumbull.

Ad6voOcaOcy (?), n. [OF. advocatie, LL. advocatia. See

Advocate.] The act of pleading for or supporting; work of

advocating; intercession.

Ad6voOcate (?), n. [OE. avocat, avocet, OF. avocat, fr. L.

advocatus, one summoned or called to another; properly the

p. p. of advocare to call to, call to one's aid; ad +

vocare to call. See Advowee, Avowee, Vocal.] 1. One who

pleads the cause of another. Specifically: One who pleads

the cause of another before a tribunal or judicial court; a

counselor.

5 In the English and American Law, advocate is the same as

=counsel,8 =counselor,8 or =barrister.8 In the civil and

ecclesiastical courts, the term signifies the same as

=counsel8 at the common law.

2. One who defends, vindicates, or espouses any cause by

argument; a pleader; as, an advocate of free trade, an

advocate of truth.

3. Christ, considered as an intercessor.

We have an Advocate with the Father.

1 John ii. 1.

Faculty of advocates (Scot.), the Scottish bar in Edinburgh.

P Lord ~ (Scot.), the public prosecutor of crimes, and

principal crown lawyer. P Judge ~. See under Judge.

Ad6voOcate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Advocated (?); p. pr. &

vb. n. Advocating (?).] [See Advocate, n., Advoke, Avow.] To

plead in favor of; to defend by argument, before a tribunal

or the public; to support, vindicate, or recommend publicly.

To advocate the cause of thy client.

Bp. Sanderson (1624).

This is the only thing distinct and sensible, that has been

advocated.

Burke.

Eminent orators were engaged to advocate his cause.

Mitford.

Ad6voOcate, v. i. To act as ~. [Obs.]

Fuller.

Ad6voOcateOship, n. Office or duty of an advocate.

Ad7voOca6tion (?), n. [L. advocatio: cf. OF. avocation. See

Advowson.] 1. The act of advocating or pleading; plea;

advocacy. [Archaic]

The holy Jesus... sits in heaven in a perpetual advocation

for us.

Jer. Taylor.

2. Advowson. [Obs.]

The donations or advocations of church livings.

Sanderson.

3. (Scots Law) The process of removing a cause from an

inferior court to the supreme court.

Bell.

Ad6voOcaOtoOry (?), a. Of or pertaining to an advocate. [R.]

AdOvoke6 (?), v. t. [L. advocare. See Advocate.] To summon;

to call. [Obs.]

Queen Katharine had privately prevailed with the pope to

advoke the cause to Rome.

Fuller.

Ad7voOlu6tion (?), n. [L. advolvere, advolutum, to roll to.]

A rolling toward something. [R.]

AdOvou6trer (?), n. [OF. avoutre, avoltre, fr. L. adulter.

Cf. Adulterer.] An adulterer. [Obs.]

AdOvou6tress (?), n. An adulteress. [Obs.]

Bacon.

AdOvou6try, AdOvow6try } (?), n. [OE. avoutrie, avouterie,

advoutrie, OF. avoutrie, avulterie, fr. L. adulterium. Cf.

Adultery.] Adultery. [Obs.]

Bacon.

AdOvowOee6 (?), n. [OE. avowe, F. avou., fr. L. advocatus.

See Advocate, Avowee, Avoyer.] One who has an advowson.

Cowell.

AdOvow6son (?; 277), n. [OE. avoweisoun, OF. avo son, fr. L.

advocatio. Cf. Advocation.] (Eng. Law) The right of

presenting to a vacant benefice or living in the church.

[Originally, the relation of a patron (advocatus) or

protector of a benefice, and thus privileged to nominate or

present to it.]

5 The benefices of the Church of England are in every case

subjects of presentation. They are nearly 12,000 in number;

the advowson of more than half of them belongs to private

persons, and of the remainder to the crown, bishops, deans

and chapters, universities, and colleges.

Amer. Cyc.

AdOvoy6er (?), n. See Avoyer. [Obs.]

AdOward6 (?), n. Award. [Obs.]

Spenser.

X Ad7yOna6miOa (?), n. [NL. adynamia, fr. Gr. ? want of

strength; ? priv + ? power, strength.] (Med.) Considerable

debility of the vital powers, as in typhoid fever.

Dunglison.

Ad7yOnam6ic (?), a. [Cf. F. adynamique. See Adynamy.] 1.

(Med.) Pertaining to, or characterized by, debility of the

vital powers; weak.

2. (Physics) Characterized by the absence of power or force.

w fevers, malignant or putrid fevers attended with great

muscular debility.

AOdyn6aOmy (?), n. Adynamia. [R.]

Morin.

X Ad6yOtum (?), n.; pl. Adyta (?). [L., fr. Gr. ?, n., fr.

?, a., not to be entered; ? priv. + ? to enter.] The

innermost sanctuary or shrine in ancient temples, whence

oracles were given. Hence: A private chamber; a sanctum.

Adz, Adze } (?), n. [OE. adese, adis, adse, AS. adesa,

adese, ax, hatchet.] A carpenter's or cooper's tool, formed

with a thin arching blade set at right angles to the handle.

It is used for chipping or slicing away the surface of wood.

Adz, v. t. To cut with an ~. [R.]

Carlyle.

. or Ae. A diphthong in the Latin language; used also by the

Saxon writers. It answers to the Gr. ?. The AngloPSaxon

short . was generally replaced by a, the long ? by e or ee.

In derivatives from Latin words with ae, it is mostly

superseded by e. For most words found with this initial

combination, the reader will therefore search under the

letter E.

X .Ocid6iOum (?), n.; pl. .cidia (?). [NL., dim. of Gr. ?

injury.] (Bot.) A form of fruit in the cycle of development

of the Rusts or Brands, an order of fungi, formerly

considered independent plants.

.6dile (?), n. [L. aedilis, fr. aedes temple, public

building. Cf. Edify.] A magistrate in ancient Rome, who had

the superintendence of public buildings, highways, shows,

etc.; hence, a municipal officer.

.6dileOship, n. The office of an .dile.

T. Arnold.

.Oge6an (?), a. [L. Aegeus; Gr. ?.] Of or pertaining to the

sea, or arm of the Mediterranean sea, east of Greece. See

Archipelago.

X .7giOcra6niOa (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, ?, goat + ?, n.

pl., heads.] (Arch.) Sculptured ornaments, used in classical

architecture, representing rams' heads or skulls.

.g6iOlops (?), n. [L. aegilopis, Gr. ?, fr. ?, gen. ?, goat

+ ? eye.] 1. (Med.) An ulcer or fistula in the inner corner

of the eye.

2. (Bot.) (a) The great wildPoat grass or other cornfield

weed. Crabb. (b) A genus of plants, called also hardgrass.

X .6gis (?), n. [L. aegis, fr. Gr. ? a goat skin, a shield,

? goat, or fr. ? to rush.] A shield or protective armor; P

applied in mythology to the shield of Jupiter which he gave

to Minerva. Also fig.: A shield; a protection.

.Ogoph6oOny (?), n. Same as Egophony.

X .Ogro6tat (?), n. [L., he is sick.] (Camb. Univ.) A

medical certificate that a student is ill.

.One6id (?), n. [L. Aeneis, Aeneidis, or Odos: cf. F.

?n.de.] The great epic poem of Virgil, of which the hero is

.neas.

AO 6neOous (?), a. [L. a neus.] (Zo.l.) Colored like bronze.

.Oo6liOan (?), a. [L. Aeolius, Gr. ?.] 1. Of or pertaining

to .olia or .olis, in Asia Minor, colonized by the Greeks,

or to its inhabitants; .olic; as, the .olian dialect.

2. Pertaining to .olus, the mythic god of the winds;

pertaining to, or produced by, the wind; a rial.

Viewless forms the .olian organ play.

Campbell.

.olian attachment, a contrivance often attached to a

pianoforte, which prolongs the vibrations, increases the

volume of sound, etc., by forcing a stream of air upon the

strings. Moore. P .olian harp, .olian lyre, a musical

instrument consisting of a box, on or in which are stretched

strings, on which the wind acts to produce the notes; P

usually placed at an open window. Moore. P .olian mode

(Mus.), one of the ancient Greek and early ecclesiastical

modes.

.Ool6ic (?), a. [L. Aeolicus; Gr. ?.] .olian, 1; as, the

.olic dialect; the .olic mode.

.Ool6iOpile, .Ool6iOpyle } (?), n. [L. aeolipilae; Aeolus

god of the winds + pila a ball, or Gr. ? gate (i. e.,

doorway of .olus); cf. F. .olipyle.] An apparatus consisting

chiefly of a closed vessel (as a globe or cylinder) with one

or more projecting bent tubes, through which steam is made

to pass from the vessel, causing it to revolve. [Written

also eolipile.]

5 Such an apparatus was first described by Hero of

Alexandria about 200 years b. c. It has often been called

the first steam engine.

.7oOloOtrop6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? changeful + ? a turning, ? to

turn.] (Physics) Exhibiting differences of quality or

property in different directions; not isotropic.

Sir W. Thomson.

.7oOlot6roOpy (?), n. (Physics) Difference of quality or

property in different directions.

X .6oOlus (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?.] (Gr. & Rom. Myth.) The

god of the winds.

.6on (?), n. A period of immeasurable duration; also, an

emanation of the Deity. See Eon.

.Oo6niOan (?), a. [Gr. ?.] Eternal; everlasting. =.onian

hills.8

Tennyson.

X .7pyOor6nis (?), n. [Gr. ? high + ? bird.] A gigantic bird

found fossil in Madagascar.

A6 rOate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. A?rated (?); p. pr. & vb.

n. A?rating (?).] [Cf. F. a.rer. See Air,v. t.] 1. To

combine or charge with gas; usually with carbonic acid gas,

formerly called fixed air.

His sparkling sallies bubbled up as from a rated natural

fountains.

Carlyle.

2. To supply or impregnate with common air; as, to a rate

soil; to a rate water.

3. (Physiol.) To expose to the chemical action of air; to

oxygenate (the blood) by respiration; to arterialize.

A rated bread, bread raised by charging dough with carbonic

acid gas, instead of generating the gas in the dough by

fermentation.

A7 rOa6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. a.ration.] 1. Exposure to the

free action of the air; airing; as, a ration of soil, of

spawn, etc.

2. (Physiol.) A change produced in the blood by exposure to

the air in respiration; oxygenation of the blood in

respiration; arterialization.

3. The act or preparation of charging with carbonic acid gas

or with oxygen.

A6 rOa7tor (?), n. That which supplies with air; esp. an

apparatus used for charging mineral waters with gas and in

making soda water.

AO 6riOal (?), a. [L. a rius. See Air.] 1. Of or pertaining

to the air, or atmosphere; inhabiting or frequenting the

air; produced by or found in the air; performed in the air;

as, a rial regions or currents. =A rial spirits.8 Milton.

=A rial voyages.8 Darwin.

2. Consisting of air; resembling, or partaking of the nature

of air. Hence: Unsubstantial; unreal.

3. Rising aloft in air; high; lofty; as, a rial spires.

4. Growing, forming, or existing in the air, as opposed to

growing or existing in earth or water, or underground; as,

a rial rootlets, a rial plants.

Gray.

5. Light as air; ethereal.

w acid, carbonic acid. [Obs.] Ure. P w perspective. See

Perspective.

AO 7riOal6iOty (?), n. The state of being a rial;

?nsubstantiality. [R.]

De Quincey.

AO 6riOalOly (?), adv. Like, or from, the air; in an a rial

manner. =A murmur heard a rially.8

Tennyson.

Ae6rie (?; 277), n. [OE. aire, eire, air, nest, also origin,

descent, OF. aire, LL. area, aera, nest of a bird of prey,

perh. fr. L. area an open space (for birds of prey like to

build their nests on flat and open spaces on the top of high

rocks). Cf. Area.] The nest of a bird of prey, as of an

eagle or hawk; also a brood of such birds; eyrie. Shak. Also

fig.: A human residence or resting place perched like an

eagle's nest.

A7 rOif6erOous (?), a. [L. a r air + Oferous: cf. F.

a.rif

re.] Conveying or containing air; airPbearing; as, the

windpipe is an a riferous tube.

A7 rOiOfiOca6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. a.rification. See A?rify.]

1. The act of combining air with another substance, or the

state of being filled with air.

2. The act of becoming a rified, or of changing from a solid

or liquid form into an a riform state; the state of being

a riform.

A6 rOiOform (?; 277), a. [L. a r air + Oform: cf. F.

a.riforme.] Having the form or nature of air, or of an

elastic fluid; gaseous. Hence fig.: Unreal.

A6 rOiOfy (?), v. t. [L. a r air + Ofly.] 1. To infuse air

into; to combine air with.

2. To change into an a riform state.

A6 rOoO. [Gr. ?, ?, air.] The combining form of the Greek

word meaning air.

A6 rOoObies (?), n. pl. [A roO + Gr. ? life.] (Biol.)

Micro?rganisms which live in contact with the air and need

oxygen for their growth; as the microbacteria which form on

the surface of putrefactive fluids.

A7 rOoObiOot6ic (?; 101), a. (Biol.) Related to, or of the

nature of, a robies; as, a robiotic plants, which live only

when supplied with free oxygen.

A6 rOcyst (?), n. [A roO + cyst.] (Bot.) One of the air

cells of algals.

A6 rOoOdyOnam6ic (?), a. Pertaining to the force of air in

motion.

A7 rOoOdyOnam6ics (?), n. [A roO + dynamics: cf. F.

a.rodynamique.] The science which treats of the air and

other gaseous bodies under the action of force, and of their

mechanical effects.

A7 rOog6noOsy (?), n. [A roO + Gr. ? knowing, knowledge: cf.

F. a.rognosie.] The science which treats of the properties

of the air, and of the part it plays in nature.

Craig.

A7 rOog6raOpher (?), n. One versed in a ography: an

a rologist.

A7 rOoOgraph6ic (?), A7 rOoOgraph6icOal (?), } a. Pertaining

to a rography; a rological.

A7 rOog6raOphy (?), n. [A roO + Ography: cf. F.

a.rographie.] A description of the air or atmosphere;

a rology.

A7 rOoOhy7droOdyOnam6ic (?), a. [A roO + hydrodynamic.]

Acting by the force of air and water; as, an

a rohydrodynamic wheel.

A6 rOoOlite (?), n. [A roO + Olite: cf. F. a.rolithe.]

(Meteor.) A stone, or metallic mass, which has fallen to the

earth from distant space; a meteorite; a meteoric stone.

5 Some writers limit the word to stony meteorites.

A6 rOoOlith (?), n. Same as A?rolite.

A7 rOoOliOthol6oOgy (?), n. [A roO + lithology.] The science

of a rolites.

A7 rOoOlit6ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a rolites;

meteoric; as, a rolitic iron.

Booth.

A7 rOoOlog6ic (?), A7 rOoOlog6icOal (?), } a. Of or

pertaining to a rology.

A7 rOol6oOgist (?), n. One versed in a rology.

A7 rOol6oOgy (?), n. [A roO + Ology: cf. F. a.rologie.] That

department of physics which treats of the atmosphere.

A6 rOoOman7cy (?), n. [A roO + Omancy: cf. F. a.romancie.]

Divination from the state of the air or from atmospheric

substances; also, forecasting changes in the weather.

A7 rOom6eOter (?), n. [A roO + Ometer: cf. F. a.rom

tre.] An

instrument for ascertaining the weight or density of air and

gases.

A7 rOoOmet6ric (?), a. Of or pertaining to a rometry; as,

a rometric investigations.

A7 rOom6eOtry (?), n. [A roO + Ometry: cf. F. a.rom.trie.]

The science of measuring the air, including the doctrine of

its pressure, elasticity, rarefaction, and condensation;

pneumatics.

A6 rOoOnaut (?; 277), n. [F. a.ronaute, fr. Gr. ? air + ?

sailor. See Nautical.] An a rial navigator; a balloonist.

A7 rOoOnaut6ic (?), A7 rOoOnaut6icOal (?), } a. [Cf. F.

a.ronauitique.] Pertaining to a ronautics, or a rial

sailing.

A7 rOoOnaut6ics (?), n. The science or art of ascending and

sailing in the air, as by means of a balloon; a rial

navigation; ballooning.

X A7 rOoOpho6biOa (?), A7 rOoph6oOby (?), } n. [A roO + Gr.

? fear: cf. F. a.rophobie.] (Med.) Dread of a current of

air.

A6 rOoOphyte (?), n. [A roO + Gr. ? plant, ? to grow: cf. F.

a.rophyte.] (Bot.) A plant growing entirely in the air, and

receiving its nourishment from it; an air plant or epiphyte.

A6 rOoOplane7 (?), n. [A roO + plane.] A flying machine, or

a small plane for experiments on flying, which floats in the

air only when propelled through it.

A6 rOoOscope (?), n. [A roO + Gr. ? to look out.] (Biol.) An

apparatus designed for collecting spores, germs, bacteria,

etc., suspended in the air.

A7 rOos6coOpy (?), n. [A roO + Gr. ? a looking out; ? to spy

out.] The observation of the state and variations of the

atmosphere.

.Orose6 (?), a. [L. aerosus, fr. aes, aeris, brass, copper.]

Of the nature of, or like, copper; brassy. [R.]

A7 rOoOsid6erOite (?), n. [A roO + siderite.] (Meteor.) A

mass of meteoric iron.

A6 rOoOsphere (?), n. [A roO + sphere: cf. F. a.rosph

re.]

The atmosphere. [R.]

A6 rOoOstat (?), n. [F. a.rostat, fr. Gr. ? air + ? placed.

See Statics.] 1. A balloon.

2. A balloonist; an a ronaut.

A7 rOoOstat6ic (?), A7 rOoOstat6icOal (?), } a. [A roO + Gr.

?: cf. F. a.rostatique. See Statical, Statics.] 1. Of or

pertaining to a rostatics; pneumatic.

2. A ronautic; as, an a rostatic voyage.

A7 rOoOstat6ics (?), n. The science that treats of the

equilibrium of elastic fluids, or that of bodies sustained

in them. Hence it includes a ronautics.

A7 rOosOta6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. a.rostation the art of using

a rostats.] 1. A rial navigation; the art of raising and

guiding balloons in the air.

2. The science of weighing air; a rostatics. [Obs.]

.Oru6giOnous (?), a. [L. aeruginosus, fr. aerugo rust of

copper, fr. aes copper: cf. F. .rugineux.] Of the nature or

color of verdigris, or the rust of copper.

X .Oru6go (?), n. [L. aes brass, copper.] The rust of any

metal, esp. of brass or copper; verdigris.

Ae6ry (?), n. An aerie.

A6 rOy (?), a. [See Air.] A rial; ethereal; incorporeal;

visionary. [Poetic]

M. Arnold.

.s7cuOla6piOan (?), a. Pertaining to .sculapius or to the

healing art; medical; medicinal.

.s7cuOla6piOus (?), n. [L. Aesculapius, Gr. ?.] (Myth.) The

god of medicine. Hence, a physician.

.s6cuOlin (?), n. Same as Esculin.

.Oso6piOan, EOso6piOan (?), a. [L. Aesopius, from Gr. ?, fr.

the famous Greek fabulist .sop (?).] Of or pertaining to

.sop, or in his manner.

.Osop6ic, EOsop6ic (?), a. [L. Aesopicus, Gr. ?.] Same as

.sopian.

X .sOthe6siOa (?), n. [Gr. ? sensation, fr. ? to perceive.]

(Physiol.) Perception by the senses; feeling; P the opposite

of an.sthesia.

.aOthe7siOom6eOter, EsOthe7siOom6eOter (?), n. [Gr. ? (see

.sthesia) + Ometer.] An instrument to measure the degree of

sensation, by determining at how short a distance two

impressions upon the skin can be distinguished, and thus to

determine whether the condition of tactile sensibility is

normal or altered.

X .sOthe66sis (?), n. [Gr. ?.] Sensuous perception. [R.]

Ruskin.

.s7theOsod6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? sensation + ? a way; cf. F.

esth.sodique.] (Physiol.) Conveying sensory or afferent

impulses; P said of nerves.

.s6thete (?), n. [Gr. ? one who perceives.] One who makes

much or overmuch of .sthetics. [Recent]

.sOthet6ic (?), .sOthet6icOal (?), } a. Of or Pertaining to

.sthetics; versed in .sthetics; as, .sthetic studies,

emotions, ideas, persons, etc. P .sOthet6icOalOly, adv.

.s7theOti6can (?), n. One versed in .sthetics.

.sOthet6iOcism (?), n. The doctrine of .sthetics; .sthetic

principles; devotion to the beautiful in nature and art.

Lowell.

.sOthet6ics, EsOthet6ics (?; 277), n. [Gr. ? perceptive,

esp. by feeling, fr. ? to perceive, feel: cf. G. .sthetik,

F. esth.tique.] The theory or philosophy of taste; the

science of the beautiful in nature and art; esp. that which

treats of the expression and embodiment of beauty by art.

.s7thoPphys7iOol6oOgy (?), n. [Gr. ? to perceive + E.

physiology.] The science of sensation in relation to nervous

action.

H. Spenser.

.s6tiOval (?), a. [L. aestivalis, aestivus, fr. aestas

summer.] Of or belonging to the summer; as, .stival

diseases. [Spelt also estival.]

.s6tiOvate (?), v. i. [L. aestivare, aestivatum.] 1. To

spend the summer.

2. (Zo.l.) To pass the summer in a state of torpor.

[Spelt also estivate.]

.s7tiOva6tion (?), n. 1. (Zo.l.) The state of torpidity

induced by the heat and dryness of summer, as in certain

snails; P opposed to hibernation.

2. (Bot.) The arrangement of the petals in a flower bud, as

to folding, overlapping, etc.; prefloration.

Gray.

[Spelt also estivation.]

.s6tuOaOry (?; 135), n. & a. See Estuary.

.s6tuOous (?), a. [L. aestuosus, fr. aestus fire, glow.]

Glowing; agitated, as with heat.

AO 7theOog6aOmous (?), a. [Gr. ? unusual (? priv. + ?

custom) + ? marriage.] (Bot.) Propagated in an unusual way;

cryptogamous.

.6ther (?), n. See Ether.

.6thiOops min6erOal (?). (Chem.) Same as Ethiops mineral.

[Obs.]

.th6oOgen (?), n. [Gr. ? fire, light + Ogen.] (Chem.) A

compound of nitrogen and boro?, which, when heated before

the blowpipe, gives a brilliant phosphorescent; boric

nitride.

.6thriOoOscope (?), n. [Gr. ? clear + ? to observe.] An

instrument consisting in part of a differential thermometer.

It is used for measuring changes of temperature produced by

different conditions of the sky, as when clear or clouded.

.7tiOoOlog6icOal (?), a. Pertaining to .tiology; assigning a

cause. P .7tiOoOlog6icOalOly, adv.

.7tiOol6oOgy (?), n. [L. aetologia, Gr. ?; ? cause + ?

description: cf. F. .tiologie.] 1. The science, doctrine, or

demonstration of causes; esp., the investigation of the

causes of any disease; the science of the origin and

development of things.

2. The assignment of a cause.

X A7 Oti6tes (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ? (sc. ?) stone, fr. ?

eagle.] See Eaglestone.

AOfar6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO.(for on or of) + far.] At, to, or

from a great distance; far away; P often used with from

preceding, or off following; as, he was seen from afar; I

saw him afar off.

The steep where Fame's proud temple shines afar.

Beattie.

AOfeard6 (?), p. a. [OE. afered, AS. >f?red, p. p. of >f?ran

to frighten; >O (cf. Goth. usO, Ger. erO, orig. meaning out)

+ f?ran to frighten. See Fear.] Afraid. [Obs. Sometimes

heard from the uneducated.]

Be not afeard; the isle is full of noises.

Shak.

X A6fer (?), n. [L.] The southwest wind.

Milton.

Af7faObil6iOty (?), n. [L. affabilitas: cf. F. affabilit..]

The quality of being affable; readiness to converse;

courteousness in receiving others and in conversation;

complaisant behavior.

Affability is of a wonderful efficacy or power in procuring

love.

Elyot

Af6faOble (?), a. [F. affable, L. affabilis, fr. affari to

speak to; ad + fari to speak. See Fable.] 1. Easy to be

spoken to or addressed; receiving others kindly and

conversing with them in a free and friendly manner;

courteous; sociable.

An affable and courteous gentleman.

Shak.

His manners polite and affable.

Macaulay.

2. Gracious; mild; benign.

A serene and affable countenance.

Tatler.

Syn. P Courteous; civil; complaisant; accessible; mild;

benign; condescending.

Af6faObleOness, n. Affability.

Af6faObly, adv. In an affable manner; courteously.

Af6faObrous (?), a. [L. affaber workmanlike; ad + faber.]

Executed in a workmanlike manner; ingeniously made. [R.]

Bailey.

AfOfair6 (?), n. [OE. afere, affere, OF. afaire, F. affaire,

fr. a faire to do; L.. ad + facere to do. See Fact, and cf.

Ado.] 1. That which is done or is to be done; matter;

concern; as, a difficult affair to manage; business of any

kind, commercial, professional, or public; P often in the

plural. =At the head of affairs.8 Junius. =A talent for

affairs.8 Prescott.

2. Any proceeding or action which it is wished to refer to

or characterize vaguely; as, an affair of honor, i. e., a

duel; an affair of love, i. e., an intrigue.

3. (Mil.) An action or engagement not of sufficient

magnitude to be called a battle.

4. Action; endeavor. [Obs.]

And with his best affair

Obeyed the pleasure of the Sun.

Chapman.

5. A material object (vaguely designated).

A certain affair of fine red cloth much worn and faded.

Hawthorne.

AfOfam6ish (?), v. t. & i. [F. affamer, fr. L. ad + fames

hunger. See Famish.] To afflict with, or perish from,

hunger. [Obs.]

Spenser.

AfOfam6ishOment (?), n. Starvation.

Bp. Hall.

AfOfat6uOate (?), v. t. [L. ad + fatuus foolish.] To

infatuate. [Obs.]

Milton.

AfOfear6 (?), v. t. [OE. aferen, AS. >f?ran. See Afeard.] To

frighten. [Obs.]

Spenser.

AfOfect6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Affected; p. pr. & vb. n.

Affecting.] [L. affectus, p. p. of afficere to affect by

active agency; ad + facere to make: cf. F. affectere, L.

affectare, freq. of afficere. See Fact.] 1. To act upon; to

produce an effect or change upon.

As might affect the earth with cold heat.

Milton.

The climate affected their health and spirits.

Macaulay.

2. To influence or move, as the feelings or passions; to

touch.

A consideration of the rationale of our passions seems to me

very necessary for all who would affect them upon solid and

pure principles.

3. To love; to regard with affection. [Obs.]

As for Queen Katharine, he rather respected than affected,

rather honored than loved, her.

Fuller.

4. To show a fondness for; to like to use or practice; to

choose; hence, to frequent habitually.

For he does neither affect company, nor is he fit for ?t,

indeed.

Shak.

Do not affect the society of your inferiors in rank, nor

court that of the great.

Hazlitt.

5. To dispose or incline.

Men whom they thought best affected to religion and their

country's liberty.

Milton.

6. To aim at; to aspire; to covet. [Obs.]

This proud man affects imperial ?way.

Dryden.

7. To tend to by affinity or disposition.

The drops of every fluid affect a round figure.

Newton.

8. To make a show of; to put on a pretense of; to feign; to

assume; as, to affect ignorance.

Careless she is with artful care,

Affecting to seem unaffected.

Congreve.

Thou dost affect my manners.

Shak.

9. To assign; to appoint. [R.]

One of the domestics was affected to his special service.

Thackeray.

Syn. P To influence; operate; act on; concern; move; melt;

soften; subdue; overcome; pretend; assume.

AfOfect6, n. [L. affectus.] Affection; inclination; passion;

feeling; disposition. [Obs.]

Shak.

Af7fecOta6tion (?), n. [L. affectatio: cf. F. affectation.]

1. An attempt to assume or exhibit what is not natural or

real; false display; artificial show. =An affectation of

contempt.8

Macaulay.

Affectation is an awkward and forced imitation of what

should be genuine and easy, wanting the beauty that

accompanies what is natural what is natural.

Locke.

2. A striving after. [Obs.]

Bp. Pearson.

3. Fondness; affection. [Obs.]

Hooker.

Af7fecOta6tionOist, n. One who exhibits affectation. [R.]

Fitzed. Hall.

AfOfect6ed (?), p. p. & a. 1. Regarded with affection;

beloved. [Obs.]

His affected Hercules.

Chapman.

2. Inclined; disposed; attached.

How stand you affected his wish?

Shak.

3. Given to false show; assuming or pretending to posses

what is not natural or real.

He is... too spruce, too affected, too odd.

Shak.

4. Assumed artificially; not natural.

Affected coldness and indifference.

Addison.

5. (Alg.) Made up of terms involving different powers of the

unknown quantity; adfected; as, an affected equation.

AfOfect6edOly, adv. 1. In an affected manner;

hypocritically; with more show than reality.

2. Lovingly; with tender care. [Obs.]

Shak.

AfOfect6edOness, n. Affectation.

AfOfect6er (?), n. One who affects, assumes, pretends, or

strives after. =Affecters of wit.8

Abp. Secker.

AfOfect7iObil6iOty (?), n. The quality or state of being

affectible. [R.]

AfOfect6iObl? (?), a. That may be affected. [R.]

Lay aside the absolute, and, by union with the creaturely,

become affectible.

Coleridge.

AfOfect6ing, a. 1. Moving the emotions; fitted to excite the

emotions; pathetic; touching; as, an affecting address; an

affecting sight.

The most affecting music is generally the most simple.

Mitford.

2. Affected; given to false show. [Obs.]

A drawling; affecting rouge.

Shak.

AfOfect6ingOly (?), adv. In an affecting manner; is a manner

to excite emotions.

AfOfec6tion (?), n. [F. affection, L. affectio, fr.

afficere. See Affect.] 1. The act of affecting or acting

upon; the state of being affected.

2. An attribute; a quality or property; a condition; a

bodily state; as, figure, weight, etc., are affections of

bodies. =The affections of quantity.8

Boyle.

And, truly, waking dreams were, more or less,

An old and strange affection of the house.

Tennyson.

3. Bent of mind; a feeling or natural impulse or natural

impulse acting upon and swaying the mind; any emotion; as,

the benevolent affections, esteem, gratitude, etc.; the

malevolent affections, hatred, envy, etc.; inclination;

disposition; propensity; tendency.

Affection is applicable to an unpleasant as well as a

pleasant state of the mind, when impressed by any object or

quality.

Cogan.

4. A settled good will; kind feeling; love; zealous or

tender attachment; P often in the pl. Formerly followed by

to, but now more generally by for or towards; as, filial,

social, or conjugal affections; to have an affection for or

towards children.

All his affections are set on his own country.

Macaulay.

5. Prejudice; bias. [Obs.]

Bp. Aylmer.

6. (Med.) Disease; morbid symptom; malady; as, a pulmonary

affection.

Dunglison.

7. The lively representation of any emotion.

Wotton.

8. Affectation. [Obs.] =Spruce affection.8

Shak.

9. Passion; violent emotion. [Obs.]

Most wretched man,

That to affections does the bridle lend.

Spenser.

Syn. P Attachment; passion; tenderness; fondness; kindness;

love; good will. See Attachment; Disease.

AdOfec6tionOal (?), a. Of or pertaining to the affections;

as, affectional impulses; an affectional nature.

AfOfec6tionOate (?), a. [Cf. F. affectionn..] 1. Having

affection or warm regard; loving; fond; as, an affectionate

brother.

2. Kindly inclined; zealous. [Obs.]

Johson.

Man, in his love God, and desire to please him, can never be

too affectionate.

Sprat.

3. Proceeding from affection; indicating love; tender; as,

the affectionate care of a parent; affectionate countenance,

message, language.

4. Strongly inclined; P with to. [Obs.]

Bacon.

Syn. P Tender; attached; loving; devoted; warm; fond;

earnest; ardent.

AfOfec6tionOa7ted, a. Disposed; inclined. [Obs.]

Affectionated to the people.

Holinshed.

AfOfec6tionOateOly, adv. With affection; lovingly; fondly;

tenderly; kindly.

AfOfec6tionOateOness, n. The quality of being affectionate;

fondness; affection.

AfOfec6tioned (?), a. 1. Disposed. [Archaic]

Be kindly affectioned one to another.

Rom. xii. 10.

2. Affected; conceited. [Obs.]

Shak.

AfOfec6tive (?), a. [Cf. F. affectif.] 1. Tending to affect;

affecting. [Obs.]

Burnet.

2. Pertaining to or exciting emotion; affectional;

emotional.

Rogers.

AfOfec6tiveOly, adv. In an affective manner; impressively;

emotionally.

AfOfec6tuOous (?; 135), a. [L. affectuous: cf. F.

affectueux. See Affect.] Full of passion or emotion;

earnest. [Obs.] P AfOfec6tuOousOly, adv. [Obs.]

Fabyan.

AfOfeer6 (?), v. t. [OF. aforer, afeurer, to tax, appraise,

assess, fr. L. ad + forum market, court of justice, in LL.

also meaning pri??.] 1. To confirm; to assure. [Obs.] =The

title is affeered.8

Shak.

2. (Old Law) To assess or reduce, as an arbitrary penalty or

amercement, to a certain and reasonable sum.

Amercements... were affeered by the judges.

Blackstone.

AfOfeer6er (?), AfOfeer6or (?), } n. [OF. aforeur, LL.

afforator.] (Old Law) One who affeers.

Cowell.

AfOfeer6ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. aforement.] (Old Law) The act

of affeering.

Blackstone.

Af6ferOent (?), a. [L. afferens, p. pr. of afferre; ad +

ferre to bear.] (Physiol.) Bearing or conducting inwards to

a part or organ; P opposed to efferent; as, afferent

vessels; afferent nerves, which convey sensations from the

external organs to the brain.

X AfOfet7tuOo6so (?), adv. [It.] (Mus.) With feeling.

AfOfi6ance (?), n. [OE. afiaunce trust, confidence, OF.

afiance, fr. afier to trust, fr. LL. affidare to trust; ad +

fidare to trust, fr. L. fides faith. See Faith, and cf.

Affidavit, Affy, Confidence.] 1. Plighted faith; marriage

contract or promise.

2. Trust; reliance; faith; confidence.

Such feelings promptly yielded to his habitual affiance in

the divine love.

Sir J. Stephen.

Lancelot, my Lancelot, thou in whom I have

Most joy and most affiance.

Tennyson.

AfOfi6ance, v. t. [imp. ? p. p. Affianced (?); p. pr. ? vb.

n. Affiancing (?).] [Cf. OF. afiancier, fr. afiance.] 1. To

betroth; to pledge one's faith to for marriage, or solemnly

promise (one's self or another) in marriage.

To me, sad maid, he was affianced.

Spenser.

2. To assure by promise. [Obs.]

Pope.

AfOfi6anOcer (?), n. One who makes a contract of marriage

between two persons.

AfOfi6ant (?), n. [From p. pr. of OF. afier, LL. affidare.

See Affidavit.] (Law) One who makes an affidavit. [U. S.]

Burrill.

Syn. P Deponent. See Deponent.

Af7fiOda6vit (?), n. [LL. affidavit he has made oath,

perfect tense of affidare. See Affiance, Affy.] (Law) A

sworn statement in writing; a declaration in writing, signed

and made upon oath before an authorized magistrate.

Bouvier. Burrill.

5 It is always made ex parte, and without crossPexamination,

and in this differs from a deposition. It is also applied to

written statements made on affirmation.

Syn. P Deposition. See Deposition.

AfOfile6 (?), v. t. [OF. afiler, F. affiler, to sharpen; a

(L. ad) + fil thread, edge.] To polish. [Obs.]

AfOfil6iOaOble (?), a. Capable of being affiliated to or on,

or connected with in origin.

AfOfil6iOate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Affiliated (?); p. pr.

& vb. n. Affiliating (?).] [LL. adfiliare, affiliare, to

adopt as son; ad + filius son: cf. F. affilier.] 1. To

adopt; to receive into a family as a son; hence, to bring or

receive into close connection; to ally.

Is the soul affiliated to God, or is it estranged and in

rebellion?

I. Taylor.

2. To fix the paternity of; P said of an illegitimate child;

as, to affiliate the child to (or on or upon) one man rather

than another.

3. To connect in the way of descent; to trace origin to.

How do these facts tend to affiliate the faculty of hearing

upon the aboriginal vegetative processes?

H. Spencer.

4. To attach (to) or unite (with); to receive into a society

as a member, and initiate into its mysteries, plans, etc.; P

followed by to or with.

Affiliated societies, societies connected with a central

society, or with each other.

AfOfil6iOate, v. i. To connect or associate one's self; P

followed by with; as, they affiliate with no party.

AfOfil7iOa6tion (?), n. [F. affiliation, LL. affiliatio.] 1.

Adoption; association or reception as a member in or of the

same family or society.

2. (Law) The establishment or ascertaining of parentage; the

assignment of a child, as a bastard, to its father;

filiation.

3. Connection in the way of descent.

H. Spencer.

AfOfi6nal (?), a. [L. affinis.] Related by marriage; from

the same source.

AfOfine6 (?), v. t. [F. affiner to refine; ? (L. ad) + fin

fine. See Fine.] To refine. [Obs.]

Holland.

AfOfined6 (?), a. [OF. afin. related, p. p., fr. LL.

affinare to join, fr. L. affinis neighboring, related to; ad

+ finis boundary, limit.] Joined in affinity or by any tie.

[Obs.] =All affined and kin.8

Shak.

AfOfin6iOtaOtive (?), a. Of the nature of affinity. P

AfOfin6iOtaOtiveOly, adv.

AfOfin6iOtive, a. Closely connected, as by affinity.

AfOfin6iOty (?), n.; pl. Affinities (?). [OF. afinit., F.

affinit., L. affinites, fr. affinis. See Affined.]

1. Relationship by marriage (as between a husband and his

wife's blood relations, or between a wife and her husband's

blood relations); P in contradistinction to consanguinity,

or relationship by blood; P followed by with, to, or

between.

Solomon made affinity with Pharaoh.

1 Kings iii. 1.

2. Kinship generally; close agreement; relation; conformity;

resemblance; connection; as, the affinity of sounds, of

colors, or of languages.

There is a close affinity between imposture and credulity.

Sir G. C. Lewis.

2. Companionship; acquaintance. [Obs.]

About forty years past, I began a happy affinity with

William Cranmer.

Burton.

4. (Chem.) That attraction which takes place, at an

insensible distance, between the heterogeneous particles of

bodies, and unites them to form chemical compounds; chemism;

chemical or elective ~ or attraction.

5. (Nat. Hist.) A relation between species or highe? groups

dependent on resemblance in the whole plan of structure, and

indicating community of origin.

6. (Spiritualism) A superior spiritual relationship or

attraction held to exist sometimes between persons, esp.

persons of the opposite sex; also, the man or woman who

exerts such psychical or spiritual attraction.

AfOfirm6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Affirmed (?); p. pr. & vb.

n. Affirming.] [OE. affermen, OF. afermer, F. affirmer,

affermir, fr. L. affirmare; ad + firmare to make firm,

firmus firm. See Firm.] 1. To make firm; to confirm, or

ratify; esp. (Law), to assert or confirm, as a judgment,

decree, or order, brought before an appelate court for

review.

2. To assert positively; to tell with confidence; to aver;

to maintain as true; P opposed to deny.

Jesus,... whom Paul affirmed to be alive.

Acts xxv. 19.

3. (Law) To declare, as a fact, solemnly, under judicial

sanction. See Affirmation, 4.

Syn. P To assert; aver; declare; asseverate; assure;

pronounce; protest; avouch; confirm; establish; ratify. P To

Affirm, Asseverate, Aver, Protest. We affirm when we declare

a thing as a fact or a proposition. We asseverate it in a

peculiarly earnest manner, or with increased positiveness as

what can not be disputed. We aver it, or formally declare it

to be true, when we have positive knowledge of it. We

protest in a more public manner and with the energy of

perfect sincerity. People asseverate in order to produce a

conviction of their veracity; they aver when they are

peculiarly desirous to be believed; they protest when they

wish to free themselves from imputations, or to produce a

conviction of their innocence.

AfOfirm6, v. i. 1. To declare or assert positively.

Not that I so affirm, though so it seem

To thee, who hast thy dwelling here on earth.

Milton.

2. (Law) To make a solemn declaration, before an authorized

magistrate or tribunal, under the penalties of perjury; to

testify by affirmation.

AfOfirm6aOble (?), a. Capable of being affirmed, asserted,

or declared; P followed by of; as, an attribute affirmable

of every just man.

AfOfirm6ance (?), n. [Cf. OF. afermance.] 1. Confirmation;

ratification; confirmation of a voidable act.

This statute... in affirmance of the common law.

Bacon.

2. A strong declaration; affirmation.

Cowper.

AfOfirm6ant (?), n. [L. affirmans, Oantis, p. pr. See

Affirm.] 1. One who affirms or asserts.

2. (Law) One who affirms of taking an oath.

Af7firOma6tion (?), n. [L. affirmatio: cf. F. affirmation.]

1. Confirmation of anything established; ratification; as,

the affirmation of a law.

Hooker.

2. The act of affirming or asserting as true; assertion; P

opposed to negation or denial.

3. That which is asserted; an assertion; a positive

?tatement; an averment; as, an affirmation, by the vender,

of title to property sold, or of its quality.

4. (Law) A solemn declaration made under the penalties of

perjury, by persons who conscientiously decline taking an

oath, which declaration is in law equivalent to an oath.

Bouvier.

AfOfirm6aOtive (?), a. [L. affirmativus: cf. F. affirmatif.]

1. Confirmative; ratifying; as, an act affirmative of common

law.

2. That affirms; asserting that the fact is so; declaratory

of what exists; answering =yes8 to a question; P opposed to

negative; as, an affirmative answer; an affirmative vote.

3. Positive; dogmatic. [Obs.]

J. Taylor.

Lysicles was a little by the affirmative air of Crito.

Berkeley.

4. (logic) Expressing the agreement of the two terms of a

proposition.

5. (Alg.) Positive; P a term applied to quantities which are

to be added, and opposed to negative, or such as are to be

subtracted.

AfOfirm6aOtive, n. 1. That which affirms as opposed to that

which denies; an ~ proposition; that side of question which

affirms or maintains the proposition stated; P opposed to

negative; as, there were forty votes in the affirmative, and

ten in the negative.

Whether there are such beings or not, 't is sufficient for

my purpose that many have believed the affirmative.

Dryden.

2. A word or phrase expressing affirmation or assent; as,

yes, that is so, etc.

AfOfirm6aOtiveOly, adv. In an affirmative manner; on the

affirmative side of a question; in the affirmative; P

opposed to negatively.

AfOfirm6aOtoOry (?), a. Giving affirmation; assertive;

affirmative.

Massey.

AfOfirm6er (?), n. One who affirms.

AfOfix6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Affixed (?); p. pr. & vb.

n. Affixing.] [LL. affixare, L. affixus, p. p. of affigere

to fasten to; ad + figere to fasten: cf. OE. affichen, F.

afficher, ultimately fr. L. affigere. See Fix.] 1. To

subjoin, annex, or add at the close or end; to append to; to

fix to any part of; as, to affix a syllable to a word; to

affix a seal to an instrument; to affix one's name to a

writing.

2. To fix or fasten in any way; to attach physically.

Should they [caterpillars] affix them to the leaves of a

plant improper for their food.

Ray.

3. To attach, unite, or connect with; as, names affixed to

ideas, or ideas affixed to things; to affix a stigma to a

person; to affix ridicule or blame to any one.

4. To fix or fasten figuratively; P with on or upon; as,

eyes affixed upon the ground. [Obs.]

Spenser.

Syn. P To attach; subjoin; connect; annex; unite.

Af6fix (?), n.; pl. Affixes (?). [L. affixus, p. p. of

affigere: cf. F. affixe.] That which is affixed; an

appendage; esp. one or more letters or syllables added at

the end of a word; a suffix; a postfix.

AfOfix6ion (?), n. [L. affixio, fr. affigere.] Affixture.

[Obs.]

T. Adams.

AfOfix6ture (?; 135), n. The act of affixing, or the state

of being affixed; attachment.

AfOfla6tion (?), n. [L. afflatus, p. p. of afflare to blow

or breathe on; ad + flare to blow.] A blowing or breathing

on; inspiration.

AfOfla6tus (?), n. [L., fr. afflare. See Afflation.] 1. A

breath or blast of wind.

2. A divine impartation of knowledge; supernatural impulse;

inspiration.

A poet writing against his genius will be like a prophet

without his afflatus.

Spence.

AfOflict6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Afflicted; p. pr. & vb.

n. Afflicting.] [L. afflictus, p. p. of affigere to cast

down, deject; ad + fligere to strike: cf. OF. aflit,

afflict, p. p. Cf. Flagellate.] 1. To strike or cast down;

to overthrow. [Obs.] =Reassembling our afflicted powers.8

Milton.

2. To inflict some great injury or hurt upon, causing

continued pain or mental distress; to trouble grievously; to

torment.

They did set over them taskmasters to afflict them with

their burdens.

Exod. i. 11.

That which was the worst now least afflicts me.

Milton.

3. To make low or humble. [Obs.]

Spenser.

Men are apt to prefer a prosperous error before an afflicted

truth.

Jer. Taylor.

Syn. P To trouble; grieve; pain; distress; harass; torment;

wound; hurt.

AfOflict6, p. p. & a. [L. afflictus, p. p.] Afflicted.

[Obs.]

Becon.

AfOflict6edOness, n. The state of being afflicted;

affliction. [Obs.]

Bp. Hall.

AfOflict6er (?), n. One who afflicts.

AfOflict6ing, a. Grievously painful; distressing;

afflictive; as, an afflicting event. P AfOflict6ingOly, adv.

AfOflic6tion (?), n. [F. affliction, L. afflictio, fr.

affligere.] 1. The cause of continued pain of body or mind,

as sickness, losses, etc.; an instance of grievous distress;

a pain or grief.

To repay that money will be a biting affliction.

Shak.

2. The state of being afflicted; a state of pain, distress,

or grief.

Some virtues are seen only in affliction.

Addison.

Syn. P Calamity; sorrow; distress; grief; pain; adversity;

misery; wretchedness; misfortune; trouble; hardship. P

Affliction, Sorrow, Grief, Distress. Affliction and sorrow

are terms of wide and general application; grief and

distress have reference to particular cases. Affliction is

the stronger term. The suffering lies deeper in the soul,

and usually arises from some powerful cause, such as the

loss of what is most dear P friends, health, etc. We do not

speak of mere sickness or pain as =an affliction,8 though

one who suffers from either is said to be afflicted; but

deprivations of every kind, such as deafness, blindness,

loss of limbs, etc., are called afflictions, showing that

term applies particularly to prolonged sources of

suffering. Sorrow and grief are much alike in meaning, but

grief is the stronger term of the two, usually denoting

poignant mental suffering for some definite cause, as, grief

for the death of a dear friend; sorrow is more reflective,

and is tinged with regret, as, the misconduct of a child is

looked upon with sorrow. Grief is often violent and

demonstrative; sorrow deep and brooding. Distress implies

extreme suffering, either bodily or mental. In its higher

stages, it denotes pain of a restless, agitating kind, and

almost always supposes some struggle of mind or body.

Affliction is allayed, grief subsides, sorrow is soothed,

distress is mitigated.

AfOflic6tionOless (?), a. Free from affliction.

AfOflic6tive (?), a. [Cf. F. afflictif.] Giving pain;

causing continued or repeated pain or grief; distressing.

=Jove's afflictive hand.8

Pope.

Spreads slow disease, and darts afflictive pain.

Prior.

AfOflic6tiveOly, adv. In an afflictive manner.

Af6fluOence (?), n. [F. affluence, L. affluentia, fr.

affluens, p. pr. of affluere to flow to; ad + fluere to

flow. See Flux.] 1. A flowing to or towards; a concourse; an

influx.

The affluence of young nobles from hence into Spain.

Wotton.

There is an unusual affluence of strangers this year.

Carlyle.

2. An abundant supply, as of thought, words, feelings, etc.;

profusion; also, abundance of property; wealth.

And old age of elegance, affluence, and ease.

Coldsmith.

Syn. P Abundance; riches; profusion; exuberance; plenty;

wealth; opulence.

Af6fluOenOcy (?), n. Affluence. [Obs.]

Addison.

Af6fluOent (?), a. [Cf. F. affluent, L. affluens, Oentis, p.

pr. See Affluence.] 1. Flowing to; flowing abundantly.

=Affluent blood.8

Harvey.

2. Abundant; copious; plenteous; hence, wealthy; abounding

in goods or riches.

Language... affluent in expression.

H. Reed.

Loaded and blest with all the affluent store,

Which human vows at smoking shrines implore.

Prior.

Af6fluOent, n. A stream or river flowing into a larger river

or into a lake; a tributary stream.

Af6fluOentOly, adv. Abundantly; copiously.

AfOfluOentOness, n. Great plenty. [R.]

Af6flux7 (?), n. [L. affluxum, p. p. of affluere: cf. F.

afflux. See Affluence.] A flowing towards; that which flows

to; as, an afflux of blood to the head.

AfOflux6ion (?), n. The act of flowing towards; afflux.

Sir T. Browne.

Af6foOdill (?), n. Asphodel. [Obs.]

AfOforce6 (?), v. t. [OF. afforcier, LL. affortiare; ad +

fortiare, fr. L. fortis strong.] To re nforce; to

strengthen.

Hallam.

AfOforce6ment (?), n. [OF.] 1. A fortress; a fortification

for defense. [Obs.]

Bailey.

2. A re nforcement; a strengthening.

Hallam.

AfOfor6ciOaOment (?), n. See Afforcement. [Obs.]

AfOford6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Afforded; p. pr. & vb. n.

Affording.] [OE. aforthen, AS. gefor?ian, for?ian, to

further, accomplish, afford, fr. for? forth, forward. The

prefix geO has no well defined sense. See Forth.] 1. To give

forth; to supply, yield, or produce as the natural result,

fruit, or issue; as, grapes afford wine; olives afford oil;

the earth affords fruit; the sea affords an abundant supply

of fish.

2. To give, grant, or confer, with a remoter reference to

its being the natural result; to provide; to furnish; as, a

good life affords consolation in old age.

His tuneful Muse affords the sweetest numbers.

Addison.

The quiet lanes... afford calmer retreats.

Gilpin.

3. To offer, provide, or supply, as in selling, granting,

expending, with profit, or without loss or too great injury;

as, A affords his goods cheaper than B; a man can afford a

sum yearly in charity.

4. To incur, stand, or bear without serious detriment, as an

act which might under other circumstances be injurious; P

with an auxiliary, as can, could, might, etc.; to be able or

rich enough.

The merchant can afford to trade for smaller profits.

Hamilton.

He could afford to suffer

With those whom he saw suffer.

Wordsworth.

AfOford6aOble (?), a. That may be afforded.

AfOford6ment (?), n. Anything given as a help; bestowal.

[Obs.]

AfOfor6est (?), v. t. [LL. afforestare; ad + forestare. See

Forest.] To convert into a forest; as, to afforest a tract

of country.

AfOfor7esOta6tion (?), n. The act of converting into forest

or woodland.

Blackstone.

AfOform6aOtive (?), n. An affix.

AfOfran6chise (?), v. t. [F. affranchir; ? (L. ad) + franc

free. See Franchise and Frank.] To make free; to

enfranchise.

Johnson.

AfOfran6chiseOment (?), n. [Cf. F. affranchissement.] The

act of making free; enfranchisement. [R.]

AfOfrap6 (?), v. t. & i. [Cf. It. affrappare, frappare, to

cut, mince, F. frapper to strike. See Frap.] To strike, or

strike down. [Obs.]

Spenser.

AfOfray6 (?), v. t. [p. p. Affrayed.] [OE. afraien,

affraien, OF. effreer, esfreer, F. effrayer, orig. to

disquiet, put out of peace, fr. L. ex + OHG. fridu peace

(akin to E. free). Cf. Afraid, Fray, Frith inclosure.]

[Archaic] 1. To startle from quiet; to alarm.

Smale foules a great heap

That had afrayed [affrayed] me out of my sleep.

Chaucer.

2. To frighten; to scare; to frighten away.

That voice doth us affray.

Shak.

AfOfray6 (?), n. [OE. afrai, affrai, OF. esfrei, F. effroi,

fr. OF. esfreer. See Affray, v. t.] 1. The act of suddenly

disturbing any one; an assault or attack. [Obs.]

2. Alarm; terror; fright. [Obs.]

Spenser.

3. A tumultuous assault or quarrel; a brawl; a fray. =In the

very midst of the affray.8

Motley.

4. (Law) The fighting of two or more persons, in a public

place, to the terror of others.

Blackstone.

5 A fighting in private is not, in a legal sense, an affray.

Syn. P Quarrel; brawl; scuffle; encounter; fight; contest;

feud; tumult; disturbance.

AfOfray6er (?), n. One engaged in an affray.

AfOfray6ment (?), n. Affray. [Obs.]

Spenser.

AfOfreight6 (?), v. t. [Pref. adO + freight: cf. F.

affr.ter. See Freight.] To hire, as a ship, for the

transportation of goods or freight.

AfOfreight6er (?), n. One who hires or charters a ship to

convey goods.

AfOfreight6ment (?), n. [Cf. F. affr.tement.] The act of

hiring, or the contract for the use of, a vessel, or some

part of it, to convey cargo.

AfOfret6 (?), n. [Cf. It. affrettare to hasten, fretta

haste.] A furious onset or attack. [Obs.]

Spenser.

AfOfric6tion (?), n. [L. affricare to rub on. See Friction.]

The act of rubbing against. [Obs.]

AfOfriend6ed (?), p. p. Made friends; reconciled. [Obs.]

=Deadly foes... affriended.8

Spenser.

AfOfright6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Affrighted; p. pr. & vb.

n. Affrighting.] [Orig. p. p.; OE. afright, AS. >fyrhtan to

terrify; >O (cf. Goth. usO, Ger. erO, orig. meaning out) +

fyrhto fright. See Fright.] To impress with sudden fear; to

frighten; to alarm.

Dreams affright our souls.

Shak.

A drear and dying sound

Affrights the flamens at their service quaint.

Milton.

Syn. P To terrify; frighten; alarm; dismay; appall; scare;

startle; daunt; intimidate.

AfOfright6, p. a. Affrighted. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

AfOfright6, n. 1. Sudden and great fear; terror. It

expresses a stronger impression than fear, or apprehension,

perhaps less than terror.

He looks behind him with affright, and forward with despair.

Goldsmith.

2. The act of frightening; also, a cause of terror; an

object of dread.

B. Jonson.

AfOfright6edOly, adv. With fright.

Drayton.

AfOfright6en (?), v. t. To frighten. [Archaic] =Fit tales...

to affrighten babes.8

Southey.

AfOfright6er (?), n. One who frightens. [Archaic]

AfOfright6ful (?), a. Terrifying; frightful. P

AfOfright6fulOly, adv. [Archaic]

Bugbears or affrightful apparitions.

Cudworth.

AfOfright6ment (?), n. Affright; the state of being

frightened; sudden fear or alarm. [Archaic]

Passionate words or blows... fill the child's mind with

terror and affrightment.

Locke.

AfOfront6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Affronted; p. pr. & vb.

n. Affronting.] [OF. afronter, F. affronter, to confront,

LL. affrontare to strike against, fr. L. ad + frons

forehead, front. See Front.] 1. To front; to face in

position; to meet or encounter face to face. [Obs.]

All the seaOcoasts do affront the Levant.

Holland.

That he, as 't were by accident, may here

Affront Ophelia.

Shak.

2. To face in defiance; to confront; as, to confront; as, to

affront death; hence, to meet in hostile encounter.

[Archaic]

3. To offend by some manifestation of disrespect; to insult

to the face by demeanor or language; to treat with marked

incivility.

How can any one imagine that the fathers would have dared to

affront the wife of Aurelius?

Addison.

Syn. P TO insult; abuse; outrage; wound; illtreat; slight;

defy; offend; provoke; pique; nettle.

AfOfront6, n. [Cf. F. affront, fr. affronter.] 1. An

encounter either friendly or hostile. [Obs.]

I walked about, admired of all, and dreaded

On hostile ground, none daring my affront.

Milton.

2. Contemptuous or rude treatment which excites or justifies

resentment; marked disrespect; a purposed indignity; insult.

Offering an affront to our understanding.

Addison.

3. An offense to one's selfPrespect; shame.

Arbuthnot.

Syn. P Affront, Insult, Outrage. An affront is a designed

mark of disrespect, usually in the presence of others. An

insult is a personal attack either by words or actions,

designed to humiliate or degrade. An outrage is an act of

extreme and violent insult or abuse. An affront piques and

mortifies; an insult irritates and provokes; an outrage

wounds and injures.

Captious persons construe every innocent freedom into an

affront. When people are in a state of animosity, they seek

opportunities of offering each other insults. Intoxication

or violent passion impels men to the commission of outrages.

Crabb.

AfOfronOt.6(?), a. [F. affront., p. p.] (Her.) Face to face,

or front to front; facing.

AfOfront6edOly (?), adv. Shamelessly. [Obs.]

Bacon.

AfOfronOtee6, n. One who receives an affront.

Lytton.

AfOfront6er (?), n. One who affronts, or insults to the

face.

AfOfront6ingOly, adv. In an affronting manner.

AfOfront6ive (?), a. Tending to affront or offend;

offensive; abusive.

How affrontive it is to despise mercy.

South.

AfOfront6iveOness (?), n. The quality that gives an affront

or offense. [R.]

Bailey.

AfOfuse6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Affused (?); p. pr. & vb.

n. Affusing (?).] [L. affusus, p. p. of affundere to pour

to; ad + fundere. See Fuse.] To pour out or upon. [R.]

I first affused water upon the compressed beans.

Boyle.

AfOfu6sion (?), n. [Cf. F. affusion.] The act of pouring

upon, or sprinkling with a liquid, as water upon a child in

baptism. Specifically: (Med) The act of pouring water or

other fluid on the whole or a part of the body, as a remedy

in disease.

Dunglison.

AfOfy6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Affied (?); p. ?r.

Affying.] [OF. afier, LL. affidare. Cf. Affiance.] 1. To

confide (one's self to, or in); to trust. [Obs.]

2. To betroth or espouse; to affiance. [Obs.]

Shak.

3. To bind in faith. [Obs.]

Bp. Montagu.

AfOfy6, v. i. To trust or confide. [Obs.]

Shak.

Af6ghan (?), a. Of or pertaining to Afghanistan.

Af6ghan, n. 1. A native of Afghanistan.

2. A kind of worsted blanket or wrap.

AOfield6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + field.] 1. To, in, or on the

field. =We drove afield.8

Milton.

How jocund did they drive their team afield!

Gray.

2. Out of the way; astray.

Why should he wander afield at the age of fiftyPfive!

Trollope.

AOfire6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + fire.] On fire.

AOflame6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + flame.] Inflames;

glowing with light or passion; ablaze.

G. Eliot.

AOflat6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + flat.] Level with the ground;

flat. [Obs.]

Bacon.

AOflaunt6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + flaunt.] In a flaunting

state or position.

Copley.

AOflick6er (?)(?), adv. & a [Pref. aO + flicker.] In a

flickering state.

AOfloat6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + float.] 1. Borne on the

water; floating; on board ship.

On such a full sea are we now afloat.

Shak.

2. Moving; passing from place to place; in general

circulation; as, a rumor is afloat.

3. Unfixed; moving without guide or control; adrift; as, our

affairs are all afloat.

AOflow6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + flow.] Flowing.

Their founts aflow with tears.

R. Browning.

AOflush6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + flush, n.] In a flushed

or blushing state.

AOflush6, adv. & a. [Pref. aO + flush, a.] On a level.

The bank is... aflush with the sea.

Swinburne.

AOflut6ter (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + flutter.] In a

flutter; agitated.

AOfoam6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + foam.] In a foaming

state; as, the sea is all afoam.

AOfoot6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + foot.] 1. On foot.

We 'll walk afoot a while.

Shak.

2. Fig.: In motion; in action; astir; in progress.

The matter being afoot.

Shak.

AOfore6 (?), adv. [OE. afore, aforn, AS. onforan or .tforan;

pref. aO + fore.] 1. Before. [Obs. or Dial.]

If he have never drunk wine afore.

Shak.

2. (Naut.) In the fore part of a vessel.

AOfore6, prep. 1. Before (in all its senses). [Archaic]

2. (Naut.) Before; in front of; farther forward than; as,

afore the windlass.

w the mast, among the common sailors; P a phrase used to

distinguish the ship's crew from the officers.

AOfore6cit7ed (?), a. Named or quoted before.

AOfore6go7ing (?), a. GoFng before; foregoing.

AOfore6hand7 (?)(?) adv. Beforehand; in anticipation.

[Archaic or Dial.]

She is come aforehand to anoint my body.

Mark xiv. 8.

AOfore6hand7, a. Prepared; previously provided; P opposed to

behindhand. [Archaic or Dial.]

Aforehand in all matters of power.

Bacon.

AOfore6men7tioned (?), a. Previously mentioned;

beforePmentioned.

Addison.

AOfore6named7 (?), a. Named before.

Peacham.

AOfore6said7 (?), a. Said before, or in a preceding part;

already described or identified.

AOfore6thought7 (?), a. Premeditated; prepense; previously

in mind; designed; as, malice aforethought, which is

required to constitute murder.

Bouvier.

AOfore6thought7, n. Premeditation.

AOfore6time7 (?), adv. In time past; formerly. =He prayed...

as he did aforetime.8

Dan. vi. 10.

X A for7tiOo6ri (?). [L.] (Logic & Math.) With stronger

reason.

AOfoul6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + foul.] In collision;

entangled.

Totten.

To run ~ of, to run against or come into collision with,

especially so as to become entangled or to cause injury.

AOfraid6 (?), p. a. [OE. afrayed, affraide, p. p. of afraien

to affray. See Affray, and cf. Afeard.] Impressed with fear

or apprehension; in fear; apprehensive. [Afraid comes after

the noun it limits.] =Back they recoiled, afraid.8

Milton.

5 This word expresses a less degree of fear than terrified

or frightened. It is followed by of before the object of

fear, or by the infinitive, or by a dependent clause; as, to

be afraid of death. =I am afraid to die.8 =I am afraid he

will chastise me.8 =Be not afraid that I your hand should

take.8 Shak. I am afraid is sometimes used colloquially to

soften a statement; as, I am afraid I can not help you in

this matter.

Syn. P Fearful; timid; timorous; alarmed; anxious.

Af6reet (?), n. Same as Afrit.

AOfresh6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + fresh.] Anew; again; once

more; newly.

They crucify... the Son of God afresh.

Heb. vi. 6.

Af6ric (?), a. African. P n. Africa. [Poetic]

Af6riOcan (?), a. [L. Africus, Africanus, fr. Afer African.]

Of or pertaining to Africa.

w hemp, a fiber prerared from the leaves of the Sanseviera

Guineensis, a plant found in Africa and India. P w marigold,

a tropical American plant (Tagetes erecta). P w oak or w

teak, a timber furnished by Oldfieldia Africana, used in

ship building.

Af6riOcan, n. A native of Africa; also one ethnologically

belonging to an African race.

Af7riOcan6der (?), n. One born in Africa, the offspring of a

white father and a =colored8 mother. Also, and now commonly

in Southern Africa, a native born of European settlers.

Af6riOcanOism (?), n. A word, phrase, idiom, or custom

peculiar to Africa or Africans. =The knotty Africanisms...

of the fathers.8

Milton.

Af6riOcanOize (?), v. t. To place under the domination of

Africans or negroes. [Amer.]

Bartlett.

Af6rit (?), Af6rite (?), Af6reet (?), n. [Arab. 'ifrFt.]

(Moham. Myth.) A powerful evil jinnee, demon, or monstrous

giant.

AOfront6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + front.] In front; face to

face. P prep. In front of.

Shak.

Aft (?), adv. & a. [AS. .ftan behind; orig. superl. of of,

off. See After.] (Naut.) Near or towards the stern of a

vessel; astern; abaft.

Aft6er (?), a. [AS. .fter after, behind; akin to Goth.

aftaro, aftra, backwards, Icel. aptr, Sw. and Dan. efter,

OHG. aftar behind, Dutch and LG. achter, Gr. ? further off.

The ending Oter is an old comparative suffix, in E.

generally Other (as in other), and after is a compar. of of,

off. ? See Of; cf. Aft.] 1. Next; later in time; subsequent;

succeeding; as, an after period of life.

Marshall.

5 In this sense the word is sometimes needlessly combined

with the following noun, by means of a hyphen, as,

afterPages, afterPact, afterPdays, afterPlife. For the most

part the words are properly kept separate when after has

this meaning.

2. Hinder; nearer the rear. (Naut.) To ward the stern of the

ship; P applied to any object in the rear part of a vessel;

as the after cabin, after hatchway. It is often combined

with its noun; as, afterPbowlines, afterPbraces,

afterPsails, afterPyards, those on the mainmasts and

mizzenmasts.

w body (Naut.), the part of a ship abaft the dead flat, or

middle part.

Aft6er, prep. 1. Behind in place; as, men in line one after

another. =Shut doors after you.8

Shak.

2. Below in rank; next to in order.

Shak.

Codrus after Ph?bus sings the best.

Dryden.

3. Later in time; subsequent; as, after supper, after three

days. It often precedes a clause. Formerly that was

interposed between it and the clause.

After I am risen again, I will go before you into Galilee.

Matt. xxvi. 32.

4. Subsequent to and in consequence of; as, after what you

have said, I shall be careful.

5. Subsequent to and notwithstanding; as, after all our

advice, you took that course.

6. Moving toward from behind; following, in search of; in

pursuit of.

Ye shall not go after other gods.

Deut. vi. 14.

After whom is the king of Israel come out?

1 Sam. xxiv. 14.

7. Denoting the aim or object; concerning; in relation to;

as, to look after workmen; to inquire after a friend; to

thirst after righteousness.

8. In imitation of; in conformity with; after the manner of;

as, to make a thing after a model; a picture after Rubens;

the boy takes after his father.

To name or call ~, to name like and reference to.

Our eldest son was named George after his uncle.

Goldsmith.

9. According to; in accordance with; in conformity with the

nature of; as, he acted after his kind.

He shall not judge after the sight of his eyes.

Isa. xi. 3.

They that are after the flesh do mind the things of the

flesh.

Rom. viii. 5.

10. According to the direction and influence of; in

proportion to; befitting. [Archaic]

He takes greatness of kingdoms according to bulk and

currency, and not after their intrinsic value.

Bacon.

w all, when everything has been considered; upon the whole.

P w (with the same noun preceding and following), as, wave

after wave, day after day, several or many (waves, etc.)

successively. P One ~ another, successively. P To be ~, to

be pursuit of in order to reach or get; as, he is after

money.

Aft6er, adv. Subsequently in time or place; behind;

afterward; as, he follows after.

It was about the space of three hours after.

Acts. v. 7.

5 After is prefixed to many words, forming compounds, but

retaining its usual signification. The prefix may be

adverbial, prepositional, or adjectival; as in afterP

described, afterOdinner, afterPpart. The hyphen is sometimes

needlessly used to connect the adjective after with its

noun. See Note under After, a., 1.

Aft6erObirth7 (?), n. (Med.) The placenta and membranes with

which the fetus is connected, and which come away after

delivery.

Aft6erOcast7 (?), n. A throw of dice after the game in

ended; hence, anything done too late.

Gower.

Aft6erOclap7 (?), n. An unexpected subsequent event;

something disagreeable happening after an affair is supposed

to be at an end.

Spenser.

Aft6erOcrop7 (?), n. A second crop or harvest in the same

year.

Mortimer.

Aft6er damp7 (?). An irrespirable gas, remaining after an

explosion of fire damp in mines; choke damp. See Carbonic

acid.

Aft6erPdin7ner (?), n. The time just after dinner. =An

afterOdinner's sleep.8 Shak. [Obs.] P a. Following dinner;

postPprandial; as, an afterPdinner nap.

Aft6erPeat7age (?), n. Aftergrass.

Aft6erOeye7 (?), v. t. To look after. [Poetic]

Shak.

Aft6erOgame7 (?), n. A second game; hence, a subsequent

scheme or expedient.

Wotton.

w at Irish, an ancient game very nearly resembling

backgammon.

Beau. & Fl.

Aft6erPglow7 (?), n. A glow of refulgence in the western sky

after sunset.

Aft6erOgrass7 (?), n. The grass that grows after the first

crop has been mown; aftermath.

Aft6erOgrowth7 (?), n. A second growth or crop, or

(metaphorically) development.

J. S. Mill.

Aft6erOguard7 (?), n. (Naut.) The seaman or seamen stationed

on the poop or after part of the ship, to attend the

afterPsails.

Totten.

Aft6erPim7age (?), n. The impression of a vivid sensation

retained by the retina of the eye after the cause has been

removed; also extended to impressions left of tones, smells,

etc.

Aft6erOings (?), n. pl. The last milk drawn in milking;

strokings. [Obs. or Dial.]

Grose.

Aft6erOmath (?), n. [After + math. See Math.] A second

moving; the grass which grows after the first crop of hay in

the same season; rowen.

Holland.

Aft6erPmen7tioned (?), a. Mentioned afterwards; as, persons

afterPmentioned (in a writing).

Aft6erOmost (?), a. superl. [OE. eftemest, AS. .ftemest,akin

to Gothic aftumist and aftuma, the last, orig. a superlative

of of, with the superlative endings Ote, Ome, Ost.] 1.

Hindmost; P opposed to foremost.

2. (Naut.) Nearest the stern; most aft.

Aft6erOnoon6 (?), n. The part of the day which follows noon,

between noon and evening.

Aft6erPnote7 (?), n. (Mus.) One of the small notes occur on

the unaccented parts of the measure, taking their time from

the preceding note.

Aft6erOpains7 (?), n. pl. (Med.) The pains which succeed

childbirth, as in expelling the afterbirth.

Aft6erOpiece7 (?), n. 1. A piece performed after a play,

usually a farce or other small entertainment.

2. (Naut.) The heel of a rudder.

Aft6erPsails7 (?), n. pl. (Naut.) The sails on the

mizzenmast, or on the stays between the mainmast and

mizzenmast.

Totten.

Aft6erOshaft7 (?), n. (Zo.l.) The hypoptilum.

Aft6erOtaste7 (?), n. A taste which remains in the mouth

after eating or drinking.

Aft6erOthought7 (?), n. Reflection after an act; later or

subsequent thought or expedient.

Aft6erOwards (?), Aft6erOward (?), } adv. [AS. .fteweard,

a., behind. See Aft, and Oward (suffix). The final s in

afterwards is adverbial, orig. a genitive ending.] At a

later or succeeding time.

Aft6erOwise7 (?), a. Wise after the event; wise or knowing,

when it is too late.

Aft6erPwit7 (?), n. Wisdom or perception that comes after it

can be of use. =AfterPwit comes too late when the mischief

is done.8

L'Estrange.

Aft6erPwit7ted (?), a. Characterized by afterwit;

slowPwitted.

Tyndale.

Aft6most (?), a. (Naut.) Nearest the stern.

Aft6ward (?), adv. (Naut.) Toward the stern.

X AOga6 or X AOgha6 (?), n. [Turk. adh> a great lord, chief

master.] In Turkey, a commander or chief officer. It is used

also as a title of respect.

AOgain6 (?; 277), adv. [OE. agein, agayn, AS. ongegn,

onge n, against, again; on + ge n, akin to Ger. gegewn

against, Icel. gegn. Cf. Gainsay.] 1. In return, back; as,

bring us word again.

2. Another time; once more; anew.

If a man die, shall he live again?

Job xiv. 14.

3. Once repeated; P of quantity; as, as large again, half as

much again.

4. In any other place. [Archaic]

Bacon.

5. On the other hand. =The one is mi sovereign... the other

again is my kinsman.8

Shak.

6. Moreover; besides; further.

Again, it is of great consequence to avoid, etc.

Hersche?.

w and ~, more than once; often; repeatedly. P Now and ~, now

and then; occasionally. P To and ~, to and fro. [Obs.]

De Foe.

5 Again was formerly used in many verbal combinations, as,

againPwitness, to witness against; againPride, to ride

against; againOcome, to come against, to encounter;

againObring, to bring back, etc.

AOgain6 (?), AOgains6 (?), } prep. Against; also, towards

(in order to meet). [Obs.]

Albeit that it is again his kind.

Chaucer.

AOgain6buy7 (?), v. t. To redeem. [Obs.]

Wyclif.

AOgain6say7 (?), v. t. To gainsay. [Obs.]

Wyclif.

AOgainst6 (?; 277), prep. [OE. agens, ageynes, AS. ongegn.

The s is adverbial, orig. a genitive ending. See Again.] 1.

Abreast; opposite to; facing; towards; as, against the mouth

of a river; P in this sense often preceded by over.

Jacob saw the angels of God come against him.

Tyndale.

2. From an opposite direction so as to strike or come in

contact with; in contact with; upon; as, hail beats against

the roof.

3. In opposition to, whether the opposition is of sentiment

or of action; on the other side; counter to; in contrariety

to; hence, adverse to; as, against reason; against law; to

run a race against time.

The gate would have been shut against her.

Fielding.

An argument against the use of steam.

Tyndale.

4. By of before the time that; in preparation for; so as to

be ready for the time when. [Archaic or Dial.]

Urijah the priest made it, against King Ahaz came from

Damascus.

2 Kings xvi. 11.

w the sun, in a direction contrary to that in which the sun

appears to move.

AOgain6stand7 (?), v. t. To withstand. [Obs.]

AOgain6ward (?), adv. Back again. [Obs.]

X Ag7aOlac6tiOa (?), Ag6aOlax7y (?), } n. [Gr. ?; ? priv. +

?, ?, milk.] (Med.) Failure of the due secretion of milk

after childbirth.

Ag7aOlac6tous (?), a. Lacking milk to suckle with.

X A7galPa6gal (?), n. Same as AgarPagar.

Ag6alOloch (?), X AOgal6loOchum (?), } n. [Gr. ?, of Eastern

origin: cf. Skr. aguru, Heb. pl. ah>tFm.] A soft, resinous

wood (Aquilaria Agallocha) of highly aromatic smell, burnt

by the orientals as a perfume. It is called also agal?wood

and aloes wood. The name is also given to some other

species.

Ag7alOmat6oOlite (?), n. [Gr. ?, ?, image, statue + Olite:

cf. F. agalmatolithe.] (Min.) A soft, compact stone, of a

grayish, greenish, or yellowish color, carved into images by

the Chinese, and hence called figure stone, and pagodite. It

is probably a variety of pinite.

X Ag6aOma (?), n. pl. Agamas (?). [From the Caribbean name

of a species of lizard.] (Zo.l.) A genus of lizards, one of

the few which feed upon vegetable substances; also, one of

these lizards.

X Ag6aOmi (?), n. pl. Agamis (?). [F. agami, fr. the native

name.] (Zo.l.) A South American bird (Psophia crepitans),

allied to the cranes, and easily domesticated; P called also

the goldPbreasted trumpeter. Its body is about the size of

the pheasant. See Trumpeter.

AOgam6ic (?), a. [See Agamous.] (a) (Biol.) Produced without

sexual union; as, agamic or unfertilized eggs. (b) Not

having visible organs of reproduction, as flowerless plants;

agamous.

AOgam6icOalOly (?), adv. In an agamic manner.

Ag6aOmist (?), n. [See Agamous.] An unmarried person; also,

one opposed to marriage.

Foxe.

X Ag7aOmoOgen6eOsis (?), n. [Gr. ? unmarried (? priv. + ?

marriage) + ? reproduction.] (Biol.) Reproduction without

the union of parents of distinct sexes: asexual

reproduction.

Ag7aOmoOgeOnet6ic (?), n. (Biol.) Reproducing or produced

without sexual union. P Ag7aOmoOgeOnet6icOalOly (?), adv.

All known agamogenetic processes end in a complete return to

the primitive stock.

Huxley.

Ag6aOmous (?), a. [Gr. ? unmarried; ? priv. + ? marriage.]

(Biol.) Having no visible sexual organs; asexual. In Bot.,

cryptogamous.

AOgan7gliOo6nic (?), a. [Pref. aO not + ganglionic.]

(Physiol.) Without ganglia.

AOgape6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + gape.] Gaping, as with

wonder, expectation, or eager attention.

Dazzles the crowd and sets them all agape.

Milton.

X Ag6aOpe (?), n.; pl. Agap. (?). [Gr. ? love, pl. ?.] The

love feast of the primitive Christians, being a meal

partaken of in connection with the communion.

X A7garPa6gar (?), n. [Ceylonese local name.] A fucus or

seaweed much used in the East for soups and jellies; Ceylon

moss (Gracilaria lichenoides).

Ag6aOric (?; 277), n. [L. agaricum, Gr. ?, said to be fr.

Agara, a town in Sarmatia.] 1. (Bot.) A fungus of the genus

Agarius, of many species, of which the common mushroom is an

example.

2. An old name for several species of Polyporus, corky fungi

growing on decaying wood.

5 The =female agaric8 (Polyporus officinalic) was renowned

as a cathartic; the =male agaric8 (Polyporus igniarius) is

used for preparing touchwood, called punk of German tinder.

w mineral, a light, chalky deposit of carbonate of ?ime,

sometimes called rock milk, formed in caverns or fissures of

limestone.

AOgasp6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + gasp.] In a state of

gasping.

Coleridge.

AOgast6 or AOghast6 (?), v. t. To affright; to terrify.

[Obs.]

Chaucer. Spenser.

AOgast6 (?), p. p. & a. See Aghast.

AOgas6tric (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? stomach.] (Physiol.)

Having to stomach, or distinct digestive canal, as the

tapeworm.

AOgate6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO on + gate way.] On the way;

agoing; as, to be agate; to set the bells agate. [Obs. or

Prov. Eng.]

Cotgrave.

Ag6ate (?), n. [F. agate, It. agata, L. achates, fr. Gr. ?.]

1. (Min.) A semipellucid, uncrystallized variety of quartz,

presenting various tints in the same specimen. Its colors

are delicately arranged in stripes or bands, or blended in

clouds.

5 The fortification agate, or Scotch pebble, the moss agate,

the clouded agate, etc., are familiar varieties.

2. (Print.) A kind of type, larger than pearl and smaller

than nonpareil; in England called ruby.

5 This line is printed in the type called agate.

3. A diminutive person; so called in allusion to the small

figures cut in ~ for rings and seals. [Obs.]

Shak.

4. A tool used by goldPwire drawers, bookbinders, etc.; P so

called from the ~ fixed in it for burnishing.

Ag7aOtif6erOous (?), a. [Agate + Oferous.] Containing or

producing agates.

Craig.

Ag6aOtine (?), a. Pertaining to, or like, agate.

Ag6aOtize (?), v. t. [Usually p. p. Agatized (?).] To

convert into agate; to make resemble agate.

Dana.

Ag6aOty (?), a. Of the nature of agate, or containing agate.

AOga6ve (?), n. [L. Agave, prop. name, fr. Gr. ?, fem. of ?

illustrious, noble.] (bot.) A genus of plants (order

Amaryllidace.) of which the chief species is the maguey or

century plant (A. Americana), wrongly called Aloe. It is

from ten to seventy years, according to climate, in

attaining maturity, when it produces a gigantic flower stem,

sometimes forty feet in height, and perishes. The fermented

juice is the pulque of the Mexicans; distilled, it yields

mescal. A strong thread and a tough paper are made from the

leaves, and the wood has many uses.

AOgazed6 (?), p. p. [Only in p. p.; another spelling for

aghast.] Gazing with astonishment; amazed. [Obs.]

The whole army stood agazed on him.

Shak.

Age (?), n. [OF. aage, eage, F. .ge, fr. L. aetas through a

supposed LL. aetaticum. L. aetas is contracted fr. aevitas,

fr. aevum lifetime, ~; akin to E. aye ever. Cf. Each.] 1.

The whole duration of a being, whether animal, vegetable, or

other kind; lifetime.

Mine age is as nothing before thee.

Ps. xxxix. 5.

2. That part of the duration of a being or a thing which is

between its beginning and any given time; as, what is the

present age of a man, or of the earth?

3. The latter part of life; an advanced period of life;

seniority; state of being old.

Nor wrong mine age with this indignity.

Shak.

4. One of the stages of life; as, the age of infancy, of

youth, etc.

Shak.

5. Mature ~; especially, the time of life at which one

attains full personal rights and capacities; as, to come of

age; he (or she) is of age. Abbott. In the United States,

both males and females are of age when twentyone years old.

6. The time of life at which some particular power or

capacity is understood to become vested; as, the age of

consent; the age of discretion.

Abbott.

7. A particular period of time in history, as distinguished

from others; as, the golden age, the age of Pericles. =The

spirit of the age.8

Prescott.

Truth, in some age or other, will find her witness.

Milton.

Archeological ages are designated as three: The Stone age

(the early and the later stone ~, called paleolithic and

neolithic), the Bronze age, and the Iron age. During the Age

of Stone man is supposed to have employed stone for weapons

and implements.

See Augustan, Brazen, Golden, Heroic, Middle.

8. A great period in the history of the Earth.

The geologic ages are as follows: 1. The Arch.an, including

the time when was no life and the time of the earliest and

simplest forms of life. 2. The age of Invertebrates, or the

Silurian, when the life on the globe consisted distinctively

of invertebrates. 3. The age of Fishes, or the Devonian,

when fishes were the dominant race. 4. The age of Coal

Plants, or Acrogens, or the Carboniferous age. 5. The

Mesozoic or Secondary age, or age of Reptiles, when reptiles

prevailed in great numbers and of vast size. 6. The Tertiary

age, or age of Mammals, when the mammalia, or quadrupeds,

abounded, and were the dominant race. 7. The Quaternary age,

or age of Man, or the modern era.

Dana.

9. A century; the period of one hundred years.

Fleury... apologizes for these five ages.

Hallam.

10. The people who live at a particular period; hence, a

generation. =Ages yet unborn.8

Pope.

The way which the age follows.

J. H. Newman.

Lo! where the stage, the poor, degraded stage,

Holds its warped mirror to a ?aping age.

C. Sprague.

11. A long time. [Colloq.] =He made minutes an age.8

Tennyson.

w of a tide, the time from the origin of a tide in the South

Pacific Ocean to its arrival at a given place. P Moon's ~,

the time that has elapsed since the last preceding

conjunction of the sun and moon.

5 Age is used to form the first part of many compounds; as,

agelasting, agePadorning, agePworn, agePenfeebled, agelong.

Syn. P Time; period; generation; date; era; epoch.

Age, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Aged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Aging

(?).] To grow aged; to become old; to show marks of ~; as,

he grew fat as he aged.

They live one hundred and thirty years, and never age for

all that.

Holland.

I am aging; that is, I have a whitish, or rather a

lightPcolored, hair here and there.

Landor.

Age, v. t. To cause to grow old; to impart the

characteristics of ~ to; as, grief ages us.

A6ged (?), a. 1. Old; having lived long; having lived almost

to or beyond the usual time allotted to that species of

being; as, an aged man; an aged oak.

2. Belonging to old age. =Aged cramps.8

Shak.

3. (?) Having a certain age; at the age of; having lived;

as, a man aged forty years.

A6gedOly, adv. In the manner of an aged person.

A6gedOness, n. The quality of being aged; oldness.

Custom without truth is but agedness of error.

Milton.

Age6less (?), a. Without old age limits of duration; as,

fountains of ageless youth.

AOgen6 (?), adv. & prep. See Again. [Obs.]

A6genOcy (?), n.; pl. Agencies (?). [LL. agentia, fr. L.

agens, agentis: cf. F. agence. See Agent.] 1. The faculty of

acting or of exerting power; the state of being in action;

action; instrumentality.

The superintendence and agency of Providence in the natural

world.

Woodward.

2. The office of an agent, or factor; the relation between a

principal and his agent; business of one intrusted with the

concerns of another.

3. The place of business of am agent.

Syn. P Action; operation; efficiency; management.

A6gend (?), n. See Agendum. [Obs.]

X AOgen6dum (?), n.; pl. Agenda (?). [L., neut. of the

gerundive of agere to act.] 1. Something to be done; in the

pl., a memorandum book.

2. A church service; a ritual or liturgy. [In this sense,

usually Agenda.]

Ag7eOnes6ic (?), a. [See Agensis.] (Physiol.) Characterized

by sterility; infecund.

X AOgen6eOsis (?), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? birth.] (Physiol.)

Any imperfect development of the body, or any anomaly of

organization.

X Ag7enOne6sis (?), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? an engendering.]

(Physiol.) Impotence; sterility.

A6gent (?), a. [L. agens, agentis, p. pr. of agere to act;

akin to Gr. ? to lead, Icel. aka to drive, Skr. aj. ?.]

Acting? P opposed to patient, or sustaining, action.

[Archaic] =The body agent.8

Bacon.

A6gent, n. 1. One who exerts power, or has the power to act;

an actor.

Heaven made us agents, free to good or ill.

Dryden.

2. One who acts for, or in the place of, another, by

authority from him; one intrusted with the business of

another; a substitute; a deputy; a factor.

3. An active power or cause; that which has the power to

produce an effect; as, a physical, chemical, or medicinal

agent; as, heat is a powerful agent.

AOgen6tial (?), a. Of or pertaining to an agent or an

agency.

Fitzed. Hall.

A6gentOship (?), n. Agency.

Beau. & Fl.

X AOger6aOtum (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? a sort of plant; ?

priv. + ? old age.] (Bot.) A genus of plants, one species of

which (A. Mexicanum) has lavenderPblue flowers in dense

clusters.

AfOgen7erOa6tion (?), n. [L. aggenerare to beget in

addition. See Generate.] The act of producing in addition.

[Obs.]

T. Stanley.

X Ag6ger (?), n. [L., a mound, fr. aggerere to bear to a

place, heap up; ad + gerere to bear.] An earthwork; a mound;

a raised work. [Obs.]

Hearne.

Ag6gerOate (?), v. t. [L. aggeratus, p. p. of aggerare. See

Agger.] To heap up. [Obs. or R.]

Foxe.

Ag7gerOa6tion (?), n. [L. aggeratio.] A heaping up;

accumulation; as, aggerations of sand. [R.]

Ag7gerOose6 (?), a. In heaps; full of heaps.

AgOgest6 (?), v. t. [L. aggestus, p. p. of aggerere. See

Agger.] To heap up. [Obs.]

The violence of the waters aggested the earth.

Fuller.

AgOglom6erOate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Agglomerated (?); p.

pr. & vb. n. Agglomerating (?).] [L. agglomeratus, p. p. of

agglomerare; ad + glomerare to form into a ball. See

Glomerate.] To wind or collect into a ball; hence, to gather

into a mass or anything like a mass.

Where he builds the agglomerated pile.

Cowper.

AgOglom6erOate, v. i. To collect in a mass.

AgOglom6erOate (?), AgOglom6erOa7ted (?), } a. 1. Collected

into a ball, heap, or mass.

2. (Bot.) Collected into a rounded head of flowers.

AgOglom6erOate (?), n. 1. A collection or mass.

2. (Geol.) A mass of angular volcanic fragments united by

heat; P distinguished from conglomerate.

AgOglom7erOa6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. agglom.ration.] 1. The act

or process of collecting in a mass; a heaping together.

An excessive agglomeration of turrets.

Warton.

2. State of being collected in a mass; a mass; cluster.

AgOglom6erOaOtive (?), a. Having a tendency to gather

together, or to make collections.

Taylor is eminently discursive, accumulative, and (to use

one of his own words) agglomerative.

Coleridge.

AgOglu6tiOnant (?), a. [L. agglutinans, Oantis, p. pr. of

agglutinare.] Uniting, as glue; causing, or tending to

cause, adhesion. P n. Any viscous substance which causes

bodies or parts to adhere.

AgOglu6tiOnate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Agglutinated (?); p.

pr. & vb. n. Agglutinating.] [L. agglutinatus, p. p. of

agglutinare to glue or cement to a thing; ad + glutinare to

glue; gluten glue. See Glue.] To unite, or cause to adhere,

as with glue or other viscous substance; to unite by causing

an adhesion of substances.

AgOglu6tiOnate (?), a. 1. United with glue or as with glue;

cemented together.

2. (physiol.) Consisting of root words combined but not

materially altered as to form or meaning; as, agglutinate

forms, languages, etc. See Agglutination, 2.

AgOglu7tiOna6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. agglutination.] 1. The act

of uniting by glue or other tenacious substance; the state

of being thus united; adhesion of parts.

2. (Physiol.) Combination in which root words are united

with little or no change of form or loss of meaning. See

Agglutinative, 2.

AgOglu6tiOnaOtive (?), a. [Cf. F. agglutinatif.] 1.

Pertaining to agglutination; tending to unite, or having

power to cause adhesion; adhesive.

2. (Philol.) Formed or characterized by agglutination, as a

language or a compound.

In agglutinative languages the union of words may be

compared to mechanical compounds, in inflective languages to

chemical compounds.

R. Morris.

Cf. manPkind, heirPloom, warPlike, which are agglutinative

compounds. The Finnish, Hungarian, Turkish, the Tamul, etc.,

are agglutinative languages.

R. Morris.

Agglutinative languages preserve the consciousness of their

roots.

Max M.ller.

AgOgrace6 (?), v. t. [Pref. aO + grace: cf. It. aggraziare,

LL. aggratiare. See Grace.] To favor; to grace. [Obs.] =That

knight so much aggraced.8

Spenser.

AgOgrace6 (?), n. Grace; favor. [Obs.]

Spenser.

Ag6granOdi6zaOble (?), a. Capable of being aggrandized.

AgOgran7diOza6tion (?), n. Aggrandizement. [Obs.]

Waterhouse.

Ag6granOdize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aggrandized (?); p.

pr. & vb. n. Aggrandizing (?).] [F. agrandir; . (L. ad) +

grandir to increase, L. grandire, fr. grandis great. See

Grand, and cf. Finish.] 1. To make great; to enlarge; to

increase; as, to aggrandize our conceptions, authority,

distress.

2. To make great or greater in power, rank, honor, or

wealth; P applied to persons, countries, etc.

His scheme for aggrandizing his son.

Prescott.

3. To make appear great or greater; to exalt.

Lamb.

Syn. P To augment; exalt; promote; advance.

Ag6granOdize, v. i. To increase or become great. [Obs.]

Follies, continued till old age, do aggrandize.

J. Hall.

AgOgran6dizeOment (?; 277), n. [Cf. F. agrandissement.] The

act of aggrandizing, or the state of being aggrandized or

exalted in power, rank, honor, or wealth; exaltation;

enlargement; as, the emperor seeks only the aggrandizement

of his own family.

Syn. P Augmentation; exaltation; enlargement; advancement;

promotion; preferment.

Ag6granOdi7zer (?), n. One who aggrandizes, or makes great.

AgOgrate6 (?), v. t. [It. aggratare, fr. L. ad + gratus

pleasing. See Grate, a.] To please. [Obs.]

Each one sought his lady to aggrate.

Spenser.

Ag6graOvate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aggravated (?); p. pr.

& vb. n. Aggravating.] [L. aggravatus, p. p. of aggravare.

See Aggrieve.] 1. To make heavy or heavier; to add to; to

increase. [Obs.] =To aggravate thy store.8

Shak.

2. To make worse, or more severe; to render less tolerable

or less excusable; to make more offensive; to enhance; to

intensify. =To aggravate my woes.8

Pope.

To aggravate the horrors of the scene.

Prescott.

The defense made by the prisioner's counsel did rather

aggravate than extenuate his crime.

Addison.

3. To give coloring to in description; to exaggerate; as, to

aggravate circumstances.

Paley.

4. To exasperate; to provoke; to irritate. [Colloq.]

If both were to aggravate her parents, as my brother and

sister do mine.

Richardson (Clarissa).

Syn. P To heighten; intensify; increase; magnify;

exaggerate; provoke; irritate; exasperate.

Ag6graOva7ting (?), a. 1. Making worse or more heinous; as,

aggravating circumstances.

2. Exasperating; provoking; irritating. [Colloq.]

A thing at once ridiculous and aggravating.

J. Ingelow.

Ag6graOva7tingOly, adv. In an aggravating manner.

Ag7graOva6tion (?), n. [LL. aggravatio: cf. F. aggravation.]

1. The act of aggravating, or making worse; P used of evils,

natural or moral; the act of increasing in severity or

heinousness; something additional to a crime or wrong and

enhancing its guilt or injurious consequences.

2. Exaggerated representation.

By a little aggravation of the features changed it into the

Saracen's head.

Addison.

3. An extrinsic circumstance or accident which increases the

guilt of a crime or the misery of a calamity.

4.Provocation; irritation. [Colloq.]

Dickens.

Ag6graOvaOtive (?), a. Tending to aggravate. P n. That which

aggravates.

Ag6greOgate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aggregated (?); p. pr.

& vb. n. Aggregating.] [L. aggregatus, p. p. of aggregare to

lead to a flock or herd; ad + gregare to collect into a

flock, grex flock, herd. See Gregarious.] 1. To bring

together; to collect into a mass or sum. =The aggregated

soil.8

Milton.

2. To add or unite, as, a person, to an association.

It is many times hard to discern to which of the two sorts,

the good or the bad, a man ought to be aggregated.

Wollaston.

3. To amount in the ~ to; as, ten loads, aggregating five

hundred bushels. [Colloq.]

Syn. P To heap up; accumulate; pile; collect.

Ag6greOgate (?), a. [L. aggregatus, p. p.] 1. Formed by a

collection of particulars into a whole mass or sum;

collective.

The aggregate testimony of many hundreds.

Sir T. Browne.

2. (Anat.) Formed into clusters or groups of lobules; as,

aggregate glands.

3. (Bot.) Composed of several florets within a common

involucre, as in the daisy; or of several carpels formed

from one flower, as in the raspberry.

4. (Min. & Geol.) Having the several component parts

adherent to each other only to such a degree as to be

separable by mechanical means.

5. (Zo.l.) United into a common organized mass; P said of

certain compound animals.

Corporation ~. (Law) See under Corporation.

Ag6greOgate, n. 1. A mass, assemblage, or sum of

particulars; as, a house is an aggregate of stone, brick,

timber, etc.

5 In an aggregate the particulars are less intimately mixed

than in a compound.

2. (Physics) A mass formed by the union of homogeneous

particles; P in distinction from a compound, formed by the

union of heterogeneous particles.

In the ~, collectively; together.

Ag6greOgateOly, adv. Collectively; in mass.

Ag7greOga6tion (?), n. [Cf. LL. aggregatio, F. agr.gation.]

The act of aggregating, or the state of being aggregated;

collection into a mass or sum; a collection of particulars;

an aggregate.

Each genus is made up by aggregation of species.

Carpenter.

A nation is not an idea only of local extent and individual

momentary aggregation, but... of continuity, which extends

in time as well as in numbers, and in space.

Burke.

Ag6greOgaOtive (?), a. [Cf. Fr. agr.gatif.] 1. Taken

together; collective.

2. Gregarious; social. [R.]

Carlyle.

Ag6greOga7tor (?), n. One who aggregates.

AgOgrege6 (?), v. t. [OF. agreger. See Aggravate.] To make

heavy; to aggravate. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

AgOgress6 (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Aggressed (?); p. pr. &

vb. n. Aggressing.] [L. aggressus, p. p. of aggredi to go

to, approach; ad + gradi to step, go, gradus step: cf. OF.

aggresser. See Grade.] To commit the first act of hostility

or offense; to begin a quarrel or controversy; to make an

attack; P with on.

AgOgress6, v. t. To set upon; to attack. [R.]

AgOgress6, n. [L. aggressus.] Aggression. [Obs.]

Their military aggresses on others.

Sir M. Hale.

AgOgres6sion (?), n. [L. aggressio, fr. aggredi: cf. F.

agression.] The first attack, or act of hostility; the first

act of injury, or first act leading to a war or a

controversy; unprovoked attack; assault; as, a war of

aggression. =Aggressions of power.8

Hallam

Syn. P Attack; offense; intrusion; provocation.

AgOgres6sive (?), a. [Cf. F. agressif.] Tending or disposed

to aggress; characterized by aggression; making assaults;

unjustly attacking; as, an aggressive policy, war, person,

nation. P AgOgres6siveOly, adv. P AgOgres6siveOness, n.

No aggressive movement was made.

Macaulay.

AgOgres6sor (?), n. {L.: cf. F. agresseur.] The person who

first attacks or makes an aggression; he who begins

hostility or a quarrel; an assailant.

The insolence of the aggressor is usually proportioned to

the tameness of the sufferer.

Ames.

AgOgriev6ance (?), n. [OF. agrevance, fr. agrever. See

Aggrieve.] Oppression; hardship; injury; grievance.

[Archaic]

AgOgrieve6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aggrieved (?); p. pr. &

vb. n. Aggrieving (?).] [OE. agreven, OF. agrever; a (L. ad)

+ grever to burden, injure, L. gravare to weigh down, fr.

gravis heavy. See Grieve, and cf. Aggravate.] To give pain

or sorrow to; to afflict; hence, to oppress or injure in

one's rights; to bear heavily upon; P now commonly used in

the passive TO be aggrieved.

Aggrieved by oppression and extortion.

Macaulay.

AgOgrieve6, v. i. To grieve; to lament. [Obs.]

AgOgroup6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aggrouped (?); . pr. &

vb. n. Aggrouping.] [F. agrouper; . (L. ad) + groupe group.

See Group..] To bring together in a group; to group.

Dryden.

AgOgroup6ment (?), n. Arrangement in a group or in groups;

grouping.

X Ag6gry, X Ag6gri (?), a. Applied to a kind of variegated

glass beads of ancient manufacture; as, aggry beads are

found in Ashantee and Fantee in Africa.

AOghast6 (?), v. t. See Agast, v. t. [Obs.]

AOghast6 (?), a & p. p. [OE. agast, agasted, p. p. of

agasten to terrify, fr. AS. pref. >O (cf. Goth. usO, G. erO,

orig. meaning out) + g?stan to terrify, torment: cf. Goth.

usgaisjan to terrify, primitively to fix, to root to the

spot with terror; akin to L. haerere to stick fast, cling.

See Gaze, Hesitate.] Terrified; struck with amazement;

showing signs of terror or horror.

Aghast he waked; and, starting from his bed,

Cold sweat in clammy drops his limbs o'erspread.

Dryden.

The commissioners read and stood aghast.

Macaulay.

Ag6iOble (?), a. [Cf. LL. agibilis, fr. L. agere to move,

do.] Possible to be done; practicable. [Obs.] =Fit for

agible things.8

Sir A. Sherley.

Ag6ile (?), a. [F. agile, L. agilis, fr. agere to move. See

Agent.] Having the faculty of quick motion in the limbs; apt

or ready to move; nimble; active; as, an agile boy; an agile

tongue.

Shaking it with agile hand.

Cowper.

Syn. P Active; alert; nimble; brisk; lively; quick.

Ag6ileOly, adv. In an agile manner; nimbly.

Ag6ileOness, n. Agility; nimbleness. [R.]

AOgil6iOty (?), n. [F. agili., L. agilitas , fr. agilis.] 1.

The quality of being agile; the power of moving the limbs

quickly and easily; nimbleness; activity; quickness of

motion; as, strength and agility of body.

They... trust to the agility of their wit.

Bacon.

Wheeling with the agility of a hawk.

Sir W. Scott.

2. Activity; powerful agency. [Obs.]

The agility of the sun's fiery heat.

Holland.

Ag6iOo (?), n.; pl. Agios (?). [It. aggio exchange,

discount, premium, the same word as agio ease. See Ease.]

(Com.) The premium or percentage on a better sort of money

when it is given in exchange for an inferior sort. The

premium or discount on foreign bills of exchange is

sometimes called agio.

Ag6iOoOtage (?), n. [F. agiotage, fr. agioter to practice

stockjobbing, fr. agio.] Exchange business; also,

stockjobbing; the maneuvers of speculators to raise or lower

the price of stocks or public funds.

Vanity and agiotage are to a Parisian the oxygen and

hydrogen of life.

Landor.

AOgist6 (?), v. t. [OF. agister; . (L. ad) + gister to

assign a lodging, fr. giste lodging, abode, F. g.te, LL.

gistum, gista, fr. L. jacitum, p. p. of jac?re to lie: cf.

LL. agistare, adgistare. See Gist.] (Law) To take to graze

or pasture, at a certain sum; P used originally of the

feeding of cattle in the king's forests, and collecting the

money for the same.

Blackstone.

Ag7isOta6tor (?), n. [LL.] See Agister.

AOgist6er, AOgist6or } (?), n. [AngloPNorman agistour.]

(Law) (a) Formerly, an officer of the king's forest, who had

the care of cattle agisted, and collected the money for the

same; P hence called gisttaker, which in England is

corrupted into guestPtaker. (b) Now, one who agists or takes

in cattle to pasture at a certain rate; a pasturer.

Mozley & W.

AOgist6ment (?), n. [OF. agistement. See Agist.] (Law) (a)

Formerly, the taking and feeding of other men's cattle in

the king's forests. (b) The taking in by any one of other

men's cattle to graze at a certain rate. Mozley & W. (c) The

price paid for such feeding. (d) A charge or rate against

lands; as, an agistment of sea banks, i. e., charge for

banks or dikes.

Ag6iOtaOble (?), a. [L. agitabilis: cf. F. agitable.]

Capable of being agitated, or easily moved. [R.]

Ag6iOtate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Agitated (?); p. pr. &

vb. n. Agitating (?).] [L. agitatus, p. p. of agitare to put

in motion, fr. agere to move: cf. F. agiter. See Act,

Agent.] 1. To move with a violent, irregular action; as, the

wind agitates the sea; to agitate water in a vessel.

=Winds... agitate the air.8

Cowper.

2. To move or actuate. [R.]

Thomson.

3. To stir up; to disturb or excite; to perturb; as, he was

greatly agitated.

The mind of man is agitated by various passions.

Johnson.

4. To discuss with great earnestness; to debate; as, a

controversy hotly agitated.

Boyle.

5. To revolve in the mind, or view in all its aspects; to

contrive busily; to devise; to plot; as, politicians agitate

desperate designs.

Syn. P To move; shake; excite; rouse; disturb; distract;

revolve; discuss; debate; canvass.

Ag6iOta7tedOly, adv. In an agitated manner.

Ag7iOta6tion (?), n. [L. agitatio: cf. F. agitation.] 1.The

act of agitating, or the state of being agitated; the state

of being moved with violence, or with irregular action;

commotion; as, the sea after a storm is in agitation.

2. A stirring up or arousing; disturbance of tranquillity;

disturbance of mind which shows itself by physical

excitement; perturbation; as, to cause any one agitation.

3. Excitement of public feeling by discussion, appeals,

etc.; as, the antislavery agitation; labor agitation.

=Religious agitations.8

Prescott.

4. Examination or consideration of a subject in controversy,

or of a plan proposed for adoption; earnest discussion;

debate.

A logical agitation of the matter.

L'Estrange.

The project now in agitation.

Swift.

Syn. P Emotion; commotion; excitement; trepidation; tremor;

perturbation. See Emotion.

Ag6iOtaOtive (?), a. Tending to agitate.

X A7giOta6to (?), a. [It., agitated.] (Med.) Sung or played

in a restless, hurried, and spasmodic manner.

Ag6iOta7tor (?), n. [L.] 1. One who agitates; one who stirs

up or excites others; as, political reformers and agitators.

2. (Eng. Hist.) One of a body of men appointed by the army,

in Cromwell's time, to look after their interests; P called

also adjutators.

Clarendon.

3. An implement for shaking or mixing.

AOgleam6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + gleam.] Gleaming; as,

faces agleam.

Lowell.

Ag6let (?), Aig6let (?), } n. [F. aiguillette point, tagged

point, dim. of aiguilee needle, fr. LL. acucula for acicula,

dim. of L. acus needle, pin?: cf. OF. agleter to hook on.

See Acute, and cf. Aiguillette.] 1. A tag of a lace or of

the points, braids, or cords formerly used in dress. They

were sometimes formed into small images. Hence, =aglet baby=

(Shak.), an aglet image.

2. (Haberdashery) A round white staylace.

Beck.

AOgley6 (?), adv. Aside; askew. [Scotch]

Burns.

AOglim6mer (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + glimmer.] In a

glimmering state.

Hawthorne.

AOglit6ter (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + glitter.] Clittering;

in a glitter.

AOglos6sal (?), a. [Gr. ?.] (Zo.l.) Without tongue;

tongueless.

AOglow6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + glow.] In a glow;

glowing; as, cheeks aglow; the landscape all aglow.

Ag7luOti6tion (?), n. [Pref. aO not + L. glutire to

swallow.] (Med.) Inability to swallow.

Ag6miOnal (?), a. [L. agminalis; agmen, agminis, a train.]

Pertaining to an army marching, or to a train. [R.]

Ag6miOnate (?), Ag6miOna7ted (?), } a. [L. agmen, agminis, a

train, crowd.] (Physiol.) Grouped together; as, the

agminated glands of Peyer in the small intestine.

Ag6nail (?), n. [AS. angn.gl; ange vexation, trouble + n.gel

nail. Cf. Hangnail.] 1. A corn on the toe or foot. [Obs.]

2. An inflammation or sore under or around the nail; also, a

hangnail.

Ag6nate (?), a. [L. agnatus, p. p. of agnasci to be born in

addition to; ad + nasci (for gnasci) to be born. Cf.

Adnate.] 1. Related or akin by the father's side; also,

sprung from the same male ancestor.

2. Allied; akin. =Agnate words.8

Pownall.

Assume more or less of a fictitious character, but congenial

and agnate with the former.

Landor.

Ag6nate, n. [Cf. F. agnat.] (Civil Law) A relative whose

relationship can be traced exclusively through males.

AgOnat6ic (?), a. [Cf. F. agnatique.] Pertaining to descent

by the male line of ancestors. =The agnatic succession.8

Blackstone.

AgOna6tion (?), n. [L. agnatio: cf. F. agnation.] 1. (Civil

Law) Consanguinity by a line of males only, as distinguished

from cognation.

Bouvier.

2. Relationship; kinship by descent; as, an agnation between

the Latin language and the German.

AgOni6tion (?), n. [L. agnitio, fr. agnoscere. See Notion.]

Acknowledgment. [Obs.]

Grafton.

AgOnize6 (?), v. t. [Formed like recognize, fr. L.

agnoscere.] To recognize; to acknowledge. [Archaic]

I do agnize a natural and prompt alacrity.

Shak.

Ag7noiOol6Ogy (?), n. [Gr. ? ignorance + Ology.] (Metaph.)

The doctrine concerning those things of which we are

necessarily ignorant.

X AgOno6men (?), n. [L.; ad + nomen name.] 1. An additional

or fourth name given by the Romans, or account of some

remarkable exploit or event; as, Publius Caius Scipio

Africanus.

2. An additional name, or an epithet appended to a name; as,

Aristides the Just.

AgOnom6iOnate (?), v. t. To name. [Obs.]

AgOnom7iOna6tion (?), n. [L. agnominatio. See Agnomen.] 1. A

surname. [R.]

Minsheu.

2. Paronomasia; also, alliteration; annomination.

AgOnos6tic (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? knowing, ? to know.]

Professing ignorance; involving no dogmatic; pertaining to

or involving agnosticism. P AgOnos6ticOalOly (?), adv.

AgOnos6tic, n. One who professes ignorance, or denies that

we have any knowledge, save of phenomena; one who supports

agnosticism, neither affirming nor denying the existence of

a personal Deity, a future life, etc.

5 A name first suggested by Huxley in 1869.

AgOnos6tiOcism (?), n. That doctrine which, professing

ignorance, neither asserts nor denies. Specifically:

(Theol.) The doctrine that the existence of a personal

Deity, an unseen world, etc., can be neither proved nor

disproved, because of the necessary limits of the human mind

(as sometimes charged upon Hamilton and Mansel), or because

of the insufficiency of the evidence furnished by physical

and physical data, to warrant a positive conclusion (as

taught by the school of Herbert Spencer); P opposed alike

dogmatic skepticism and to dogmatic theism.

X Ag6nus (?), n.; pl. E. Agnuses (?); L. Agni (?). [L., a

lamb.] Agnus Dei.

X Ag6nus cas6tus (?). [Gr. ? a willowlike tree, used at a

religious festival; confused with ? holy, chaste.] (Bot.) A

species of Vitex (V. agnus castus); the chaste tree.

Loudon.

And wreaths of agnus castus others bore.

Dryden.

X Ag6nus De6i (?). [L., lamb of God.] (R. C. Ch.) (a) A

figure of a lamb bearing a cross or flag. (b) A cake of wax

stamped with such a figure. It is made from the remains of

the paschal candles and blessed by the Pope. (c) A triple

prayer in the sacrifice of the Mass, beginning with the

words =Agnus Dei.8

AOgo6 (?), a. & adv. [OE. ago, agon, p. p. of agon to go

away, pass by, AS. >g>n to pass away; >O (cf. Goth. usO,

Ger. erO, orig. meaning out) + g>n to go. See Go.] Past;

gone by; since; as, ten years ago; gone long ago.

AOgog6 (?), a. & adv. [Cf. F. gogue fun, perhaps of Celtic

origin.] In eager desire; eager; astir.

All agog to dash through thick and thin.

Cowper.

AOgo6ing (?), adv. [Pref. aO + p. pr. of go.] In motion; in

the act of going; as, to set a mill agoing.

X Ag6on (?), n.; pl. Agones (?). [Gr. ?, fr. ? to lead.]

(gr. Antiq.) A contest for a prize at the public games.

AOgone6 (?), a. & adv. Ago. [Archaic & Poet.]

Three days agone I fell sick.

1 Sam. xxx. 13.

A6gone (?), n. [See Agonic.] Agonic line.

AOgon6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? without angles; ? priv. + ? an

angle.] Not forming an angle.

w line (Physics), an imaginary line on the earth's surface

passing through those places where the magnetic ?eodle

points to the true north; the line of no magnetic variation.

There is one such line in the Western hemisphere, and

another in the Eastern hemisphere.

Ag6oOnism (?), n. [Gr. ?, fr. ? to contend for a prize, fr.

?. See Agon.] Contention for a prize; a contest. [Obs. & R.]

Blount.

Ag6oOnist (?), n. [Gr. ?.] One who contends for the prize in

public games. [R.]

Ag7oOnis6tic (?), Ag7oOnis6ticOal (?), } a. [Gr. ?. See

Agonism.] Pertaining to violent contests, bodily or mental;

pertaining to athletic or polemic feats; athletic;

combative; hence, strained; unnatural.

As a scholar, he [Dr. Parr] was brilliant, but he consumed

his power in agonistic displays.

De Quincey.

Ag7oOnis6ticOalOly, adv. In an agonistic manner.

Ag7oOnis6tics (?), n. The science of athletic combats, or

contests in public games.

Ag6oOnize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Agonized (?); p. pr. &

vb. n. Agonizing (?).] [F. agoniser, LL. agonizare, fr. Gr.

?. See Agony.] 1. To writhe with agony; to suffer violent

anguish.

To smart and agonize at every pore.

Pope.

2. To struggle; to wrestle; to strive desperately.

Ag6oOnize, v. t. To cause to suffer agony; to subject to

extreme pain; to torture.

He agonized his mother by his behavior.

Thackeray.

Ag6oOni7zingOly (?), adv. With extreme anguish or desperate

struggles.

Ag6oOnoOthete7 (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? + ? to set. appoint.]

[Antiq.] An officer who presided over the great public games

in Greece.

Ag7oOnoOthet6ic (?), a. [Gr. ?.] Pertaining to the office of

an agonothete.

Ag6oOny (?), n.; pl. Agonies (?). [L. agonia, Gr. ?, orig. a

contest, fr. ?: cf. F. agonie. See Agon.] 1. Violent contest

or striving.

The world is convulsed by the agonies of great nations.

Macaulay.

2. Pain so extreme as to cause writhing or contortions of

the body, similar to those made in the athletic contests in

Greece; and hence, extreme pain of mind or body; anguish;

paroxysm of grief; specifically, the sufferings of Christ in

the garden of Gethsemane.

Being in an agony he prayed more earnestly.

Luke xxii. 44.

3. Paroxysm of joy; keen emotion.

With cries and agonies of wild delight.

Pope.

4. The last struggle of life; death struggle.

Syn. P Anguish; torment; throe; distress; pangs; suffering.

P Agony, Anguish, Pang. These words agree in expressing

extreme pain of body or mind. Agony denotes acute and

permanent pain, usually of the whole system., and often

producing contortions. Anguish denotes severe pressure, and,

considered as bodily suffering, is more commonly local (as

anguish of a wound), thus differing from agony. A pang is a

paroxysm of excruciating pain. It is severe and transient.

The agonies or pangs of remorse; the anguish of a wounded

conscience. =Oh, sharp convulsive pangs of agonizing

pride !8

Dryden.

APgood6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + good.] In earnest; heartily.

[Obs.] =I made her weep agood.8

Shak.

X Ag6oOra (?), n. [Gr. ?.] An assembly; hence, the place of

assembly, especially the market place, in an ancient Greek

city.

X AOgou6aOra (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo.l.) The crabPeating

raccoon (Procyon cancrivorus), found in the tropical parts

of America.

X AOgou6ta (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo.l.) A small

insectivorous mammal (Solenodon paradoxus), allied to the

moles, found only in Hayti.

AOgou6ti, AOgou6ty } (?), n. [F. agouti, acouti, Sp. aguti,

fr. native name.] (Zo.l.) A rodent of the genus Dasyprocta,

about the size of a rabbit, peculiar to South America and

the West Indies. The most common species is the Dasyprocta

agouti.

AOgrace6 (?), n. & v. See Aggrace. [Obs.]

AOgraffe6 (?), n. [F. agrafe, formerly agraffe, OF. agrappe.

See Agrappes.] 1. A hook or clasp.

The feather of an ostrich, fastened in her turban by an

agraffe set with brilliants.

Sir W. Scott.

2. A hook, eyelet, or other device by which a piano wire is

so held as to limit the vibration.

AOgram6maOtist (?), n. [Gr. ? illiterate; ? priv. + ?

letters, fr. ? to write.] A illiterate person. [Obs.]

Bailey.

X AOgraph6iOa (?), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? to write.] The

absence or loss of the power of expressing ideas by written

signs. It is one form of aphasia.

AOgrah6ic (?), a. Characterized by agraphia.

AOgrappes6 (?), n. pl. [OF. agrappe, F. agrafe; a + grappe

(see Grape) fr. OHG. kr>pfo hook.] Hooks and eyes for armor,

etc.

Fairholt.

AOgra6riOan (?), a. [L. agrarius, fr. ager field.] 1.

Pertaining to fields, or lands, or their tenure; esp.,

relating to am equal or equitable division of lands; as, the

agrarian laws of Rome, which distributed the conquered and

other public lands among citizens.

His Grace's landed possessions are irresistibly inviting to

an agrarian experiment.

Burke.

2. (Bot.) Wild; P said of plants growing in the fields.

AOgra6riOan, n. 1. One in favor of an equal division of

landed property.

2. An ~ law. [R.]

An equal agrarian is perpetual law.

Harrington.

AOgra6riOanOism (?), n. An equal or equitable division of

landed property; the principles or acts of those who favor a

redistribution of land.

AOgra6riOanOize (?), v. t. To distribute according to, or to

imbue with, the principles of agrarianism.

AOgre6, AOgree6 } (?), adv. [F. . gr.. See Agree.] In good

part; kindly. [Obs.]

Rom. of R.

AOgree6 (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Agreed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.

Agreeing.] [F. agr.er to accept or receive kindly, fr. .

gr.; . (L. ad) + gr. good will, consent, liking, fr. L.

gratus pleasing, agreeable. See Grateful.] 1. To harmonize

in opinion, statement, or action; to be in unison or

concord; to be or become united or consistent; to concur;

as, all parties agree in the expediency of the law.

If music and sweet poetry agree.

Shak.

Their witness agreed not together.

Mark xiv. 56.

The more you agree together, the less hurt can your enemies

do you.

Sir T. Browne.

2. To yield assent; to accede; P followed by to; as, to

agree to an offer, or to opinion.

3. To make a stipulation by way of settling differences or

determining a price; to exchange promises; to come to terms

or to a common resolve; to promise.

Agree with thine adversary quickly.

Matt. v. 25.

Didst not thou agree with me for a penny ?

Matt. xx. 13.

4. To be conformable; to resemble; to coincide; to

correspond; as, the picture does not agree with the

original; the two scales agree exactly.

5. To suit or be adapted in its effects; to do well; as, the

same food does not agree with every constitution.

6. (Gram.) To correspond in gender, number, case, or person.

5 The auxiliary forms of to be are often employed with the

participle agreed. =The jury were agreed.8 Macaulay. =Can

two walk together, except they be agreed ?8 Amos iii. 3. The

principal intransitive uses were probably derived from the

transitive verb used reflexively. =I agree me well to your

desire.8

Ld. Berners.

Syn. - To assent; concur; consent; acquiesce; accede;

engage; promise; stipulate; contract; bargain; correspond;

harmonize; fit; tally; coincide; comport.

AOgree6 (?), v. t. 1. To make harmonious; to reconcile or

make friends. [Obs.]

Spenser.

2. To admit, or come to one mind concerning; to settle; to

arrange; as, to agree the fact; to agree differences. [Obs.

or Archaic.]

AOgree7aObil6iOty (?), n. [OF. agreablete.] 1. Easiness of

disposition. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

2. The quality of being, or making one's self, agreeable;

agreeableness.

Thackeray.

AOgree6aOble (?), a. [F. agr.able.] 1. Pleasing, either to

the mind or senses; pleasant; grateful; as, agreeable

manners or remarks; an agreeable person; fruit agreeable to

the taste.

A train of agreeable reveries.

Goldsmith.

2. Willing; ready to agree or consent. [Colloq.]

These Frenchmen give unto the said captain of Calais a great

sum of money, so that he will be but content and agreeable

that they may enter into the said town.

Latimer.

3. Agreeing or suitable; conformable; correspondent;

concordant; adapted; P followed by to, rarely by with.

That which is agreeable to the nature of one thing, is many

times contrary to the nature of another.

L'Estrange.

4. In pursuance, conformity, or accordance; P in this sense

used adverbially for agreeably; as, agreeable to the order

of the day, the House took up the report.

Syn. P Pleasing; pleasant; welcome; charming; acceptable;

amiable. See Pleasant.

AOgree6aObleOness, n. 1. The quality of being agreeable or

pleasing; that quality which gives satisfaction or moderate

pleasure to the mind or senses.

That author... has an agreeableness that charms us.

Pope.

2. The quality of being agreeable or suitable; suitableness

or conformity; consistency.

The agreeableness of virtuous actions to human nature.

Pearce.

3. Resemblance; concordance; harmony; P with to or between.

[Obs.]

The agreeableness between man and the other parts of the

universe.

Grew.

AOgree6aObly, adv. 1. In an agreeably manner; in a manner to

give pleasure; pleasingly. =Agreeably entertained.8

Goldsmith.

2. In accordance; suitably; consistently; conformably; P

followed by to and rarely by with. See Agreeable, 4.

The effect of which is, that marriages grow less frequent,

agreeably to the maxim above laid down.

Paley.

3. Alike; similarly. [Obs.]

Both clad in shepherds' weeds agreeably.

Spenser.

AOgree6ingOly, adv. In an agreeing manner (to);

correspondingly; agreeably. [Obs.]

AOgree6ment (?), ?. [Cf. F. agr.ment.] 1. State of agreeing;

harmony of opinion, statement, action, or character;

concurrence; concord; conformity; as, a good agreement

subsists among the members of the council.

What agreement hath the temple of God with idols ?

2 Cor. vi. 16.

Expansion and duration have this further agreement.

Locke.

2. (Gram.) Concord or correspondence of one word with

another in gender, number, case, or person.

3. (Law) (a) A concurrence in an engagement that something

shall be done or omitted; an exchange of promises; mutual

understanding, arrangement, or stipulation; a contract. (b)

The language, oral or written, embodying reciprocal

promises.

Abbott. Brande & C.

Syn. - Bargain; contract; compact; stipulation.

AOgre6er (?), n. One who agrees.

AOgres6tic (?), a. [L. agrestis, fr. ager field.] Pertaining

to fields or the country, in opposition to the city; rural;

rustic; unpolished; uncouth. =Agrestic behavior.8

Gregory.

AOgres6ticOal (?), a. Agrestic. [Obs.]

AOgric7oOla6tion (?), n. [L., agricolatio.] Agriculture.

[Obs.]

Bailey.

AOgric6oOlist (?), n. A cultivator of the soil; an

agriculturist.

Dodsley.

Ag6riOcul7tor (?), n. [L., fr. ager field + cultor

cultivator.] An agriculturist; a farmer. [R.]

Ag7riOcul6turOal (?), a. Of or pertaining to agriculture;

connected with, or engaged in, tillage; as, the agricultural

class; agricultural implements, wages, etc. P

Ag7riOcul6turOalOly, adv.

w ant (Zo.l.), a species of ant which gathers and stores

seeds of grasses, for food. The remarkable species (Myrmica

barbata) found in Texas clears circular areas and carefully

cultivates its favorite grain, known as ant rice.

Ag7riOcul6turOalOist, n. An agriculturist (which is the

preferred form.)

Ag6riOcul7ture (?; 135), n. [L. agricultura; ager field +

cultura cultivation: cf. F. agriculture. See Acre and

Culture.] The art or science of cultivating the ground,

including the harvesting of crops, and the rearing and

management of live stock; tillage; husbandry; farming.

Ag7riOcul6turOism (?), n. Agriculture. [R.]

Ag7riOcul6turOist, n. One engaged or skilled in agriculture;

a husbandman.

The farmer is always a practitioner, the agriculturist may

be a mere theorist.

Crabb.

AOgrief6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + grief.] In grief; amiss.

[Obs.]

Chaucer.

Ag6riOmoOny (?), n. [OE. agremoyne, OF. aigremoine, L.

agrimonia for argemonia, fr. Gr. ?.] (Bot.) (a) A genus of

plants of the Rose family. (b) The name is also given to

various other plants; as, hemp agrimony (Eupatorium

cannabinum); water agrimony (Bidens).

5 The Agrimonia eupatoria, or common ~, a perennial herb

with a spike of yellow flowers, was once esteemed as a

medical remedy, but is now seldom used.

AOgrin6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + grin.] In the act of

grinning. =His visage all agrin.8

Tennyson.

Ag7riOol6oOgist (?), n. One versed or engaged in agriology.

Ag7riOol6oOgy (?), n. [Gr. ? wild, savage + Ology.]

Description or comparative study of the customs of savage or

uncivilized tribes.

AOgrise6 (?), v. i. [AS. >grFsan to dread; >O (cf. Goth.

usO, Ger. erO, orig. meaning out) + grFsan, for gr?san (only

in comp.), akin to OHG. gr?is?n, G. grausen, to shudder. See

Grisly.] To shudder with terror; to tremble with fear.

[Obs.]

Chaucer.

AOgrise6, v. t. 1. To shudder at; to abhor; to dread; to

loathe. [Obs.]

Wyclif.

2. To terrify; to affright. [Obs.]

His manly face that did his foes agrise.

Spenser.

X A6grom (?), n. [Native name.] (Med.) A disease occurring

in Bengal and other parts of the East Indies, in which the

tongue chaps and cleaves.

Ag7roOnom6ic (?), Ag7roOnom6icOal (?), } [Cf. F.

agronomique.] Pertaining to agronomy, of the management of

farms.

Ag7roOnom6ics (?), n. The science of the distribution and

management of land.

AOgron6oOmist (?), n. One versed in agronomy; a student of

agronomy.

AOgron6oOmy (?), n. [Gr. ? rural; as a noun, an overseer of

the public lands; ? field + ? usage, ? to deal out, manage:

cf. F. agronomie.] The management of land; rural economy;

agriculture.

AOgrope6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + grope.] In the act of

groping.

Mrs. Browning.

X AOgros6tis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?.] A genus of grasses,

including species called in common language bent grass. Some

of them, as redtop (Agrostis vulgaris), are valuable pasture

grasses.

AOgros7toOgraph6ic (?), AOgros7toOgraph6icOal (?), } a. [Cf.

F. agrostographique.] Pertaining to agrostography.

Ag7rosOtog6raOphy (?), n. [Gr. ? + Ography.] A description

of the grasses.

AOgros7toOlog6ic (?), AOgros7toOlog6icOal (?), } a.

Pertaining to agrostology.

Ag7rosOtol6oOgist (?), n. One skilled in agrostology.

Ag7rosOtol6ogy (?), n. [Gr. ? + Ology.] That part of botany

which treats of the grasses.

AOground6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + ground.] On the ground;

stranded; P a nautical term applied to a ship when its

bottom lodges on the ground.

Totten.

AOgroup6ment (?), n. See Aggroupment.

Ag7rypOnot6ic (?), n. [Gr. ? sleepless; ? to chase, search

for + ? sleep: cf. F. agrypnotique.] Anything which prevents

sleep, or produces wakefulness, as strong tea or coffee.

X A7guarOdiOen6te (?), n. [Sp., contr. of agua ardiente

burning water (L. aqua water + ardens burning).] 1. A

inferior brandy of Spain and Portugal.

2. A strong alcoholic drink, especially pulque. [Mexico and

Spanish America.]

A6gue (?), n. [OE. agu, ague, OF. agu, F. aigu, sharp, OF.

fem. ague, LL. (febris) acuta, a sharp, acute fever, fr. L.

acutus sharp. See Acute.] 1. An acute fever. [Obs.]

=Brenning agues.8

P. Plowman.

2. (Med.) An intermittent fever, attended by alternate cold

and hot fits.

3. The cold fit or rigor of the intermittent fever; as,

fever and ague.

4. A chill, or state of shaking, as with cold.

Dryden.

w cake, an enlargement of the spleen produced by ~. P w

drop, a solution of the arsenite of potassa used for ~. P w

fit, a fit of the ~. Shak. P w spell, a spell or charm

against ~. Gay. P w tree, the sassafras, P sometimes so

called from the use of its root formerly, in cases of ~.

[Obs.]

A6gue, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Agued (?).] To strike with an ~,

or with a cold fit.

Heywood.

AOguilt6 (?), v. t. To be guilty of; to offend; to sin

against; to wrong. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

AOguise6 (?), n. Dress. [Obs.]

Dr. H. More.

AOguise6, v. t. [Pref aO + guise.] To dress; to attire; to

adorn. [Obs.]

Above all knights ye goodly seem aguised.

Spenser.

A6guOish (?), a. 1. Having the qualities of an ague;

somewhat cold or shivering; chilly; shaky.

Her aguish love now glows and burns.

Granville.

2. Productive of, or affected by, ague; as, the aguish

districts of England.

T. Arnold.

P A6guOishOly, adv. P A6guOishOness, n.

AOgush6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + gush.] In a gushing

state.

Hawthorne.

Ag6yOnous (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? woman.] (Bot.) Without

female organs; male.

Ah (?), interj. [OE. a: cf. OF. a, F. ah, L. ah, Gr. ?, Sk.

>, Icel. ., OHG. >, Lith. , .] An exclamation, expressive

of surprise, pity, complaint, entreaty, contempt,

threatening, delight, triumph, etc., according to the manner

of utterance.

AOha6 (?), interj. [Ah, interj. + ha.] An exclamation

expressing, by different intonations, triumph, mixed with

derision or irony, or simple surprise.

AOha6, n. A sunk fence. See HaPha.

Mason.

AOhead6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + head.] 1. In or to the front;

in advance; onward.

The island bore but a little ahead of us.

Fielding.

2. Headlong; without restraint. [Obs.]

L'Estrange.

To go ~. (a) To go in advance. (b) To go on onward. (c) To

push on in an enterprise. [Colloq.] P To get ~ of. (a) To

get in advance of. (b) To surpass; to get the better of.

[Colloq.]

AOheap6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + heap.] In a heap; huddled

together.

Hood.

AOheight6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + height.] Aloft; on high.

[Obs.] =Look up aheight.8

Shak.

AOhem6 (?), interj. An exclamation to call one's attention;

hem.

AOhey6 (?), interj. Hey; ho.

AOhigh6 (?), adv. On high. [Obs.]

Shak.

AOhold6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + hold.] Near the wind; as, to

lay a ship ahold. [Obs.]

Shak.

AOhorse6back (?), adv. On horseback.

Two suspicious fellows ahorseback.

Smollet.

AOhoy6 (?), interj. [OE. a, interj. + hoy.] (Naut.) A term

used in hailing; as, =Ship ahoy.8

X Ah6riOman (?), n. [Per.] The Evil Principle or Being of

the ancient Persians; the Prince of Darkness as opposer to

Ormuzd, the King of Light.

X A6hu (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo.l.) The Asiatic gazelle.

AOhull6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO = hull.] (Naut.) With the sails

furled, and the helm lashed alee; P applied to ships in a

storm. See Hull, n.

AOhun6gered (?), a. [Pref. aO + hungered.] Pinched with

hunger; very hungry.

C. Bront..

A6i (?), n.; pl. Ais (?). [Braz. a., ha., from the animal's

cry: cf. F. a..] (Zo.l.) The threePtoed sloth (Bradypus

tridactylus) of South America. See Sloth.

X Ai6blins, A6blins (?), adv. [See Able.] Perhaps; possibly.

[Scotch]

Burns.

Aich's met6al (?). A kind of gun metal, containing copper,

zinc, and iron, but no tin.

Aid (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aided (?); p. pr. & vb. n.

Aiding.] [F. aider, OF. aidier, fr. L. adjutare to help,

freq. of adjuvare to help; ad + juvare to help. Cf.

Adjutant.] To support, either by furnishing strength or

means in co.peration to effect a purpose, or to prevent or

to remove evil; to help; to assist.

You speedy helpers...

Appear and aid me in this enterprise.

Shak.

Syn. - To help; assist; support; sustain; succor; relieve;

befriend; co.perate; promote. See Help.

Aid, n. [F. aide, OF. a.de, a.e, fr. the verb. See Aid, v.

t.] 1. Help; succor; assistance; relief.

An unconstitutional mode of obtaining aid.

Hallam.

2. The person or thing that promotes or helps in something

done; a helper; an assistant.

It is not good that man should be alone; let us make unto

him an aid like unto himself.

Tobit viii. 6.

3. (Eng. Hist.) A subsidy granted to the king by Parliament;

also, an exchequer loan.

4. (Feudal Law) A pecuniary tribute paid by a vassal to his

lord on special occasions.

Blackstone.

5. An ~PdePcamp, so called by abbreviation; as, a general's

aid.

w prayer (Law), a proceeding by which a defendant beseeches

and claims assistance from some one who has a further or

more permanent interest in the matter in suit. P To pray in

~, to beseech and claim such assistance.

Aid6ance (?), n. [Cf. OF. aidance.] Aid. [R.]

Aidance 'gainst the enemy.

Shak.

Aid6ant (?), a. [Cf. F. aidant, p. pr. of aider to help.]

Helping; helpful; supplying aid.

Shak.

Aid6PdePcamp7 (?), n.; pl. AidsPdePcamp. (?). [F. aide de

camp (literally) camp assistant.] (Mil.) An officer selected

by a general to carry orders, also to assist or represent

him in correspondence and in directing movements.

Aid6er (?), n. One who, or that which, aids.

Aid6ful (?), a. Helpful. [Archaic.]

Bp. Hall.

Aid6less, a. Helpless; without aid.

Milton.

Aid6Pma7jor (?), n. The adjutant of a regiment.

Ai6el (?), n. See Ayle. [Obs.]

Aig6let (?), n. Same as Aglet.

Ai6gre (?), a. [F. See Eager.] Sour. [Obs.]

Shak.

X Ai6greOmore (?), n. [F. origin unknown.] Charcoal prepared

for making powder.

Ai6gret (?), AiOgrette (?), } n. [F., a sort of white heron,

with a tuft of feathers on its head; a tuft of feathers;

dim. of the same word as heron. See Heron, and cf. Egret,

Egrette.] 1. (Zo.l.) The small white European heron. See

Egret.

2. A plume or tuft for the head composed of feathers, or of

gems, etc.

Prescott.

3. A tuft like that of the egret. (Bot.) A feathery crown of

seed; egret; as, the aigrette or down of the dandelion or

the thistle.

X Ai7guille6 (?), n. [F., a needle. See Aglet.] 1. A

needlePshaped peak.

2. An instrument for boring holes, used in blasting.

Ai7guilOlette6 (?), n. [F. See Aglet.] 1. A point or tag at

the end of a fringe or lace; an aglet.

2. One of the ornamental tags, cords, or loops on some

military and naval uniforms.

Ai6guOlet (?), n. See Aglet.

Spenser.

Ail (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ailed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.

Ailing.] [OE. eilen, ailen, AS. eglan to trouble, pain; akin

to Goth. usPagljan to distress, agls troublesome, irksome,

aglo, aglitha, pain, and prob. to E. awe. ?.] To affect with

pain or uneasiness, either physical or mental; to trouble;

to be the matter with; P used to express some uneasiness or

affection, whose cause is unknown; as, what ails the man? I

know not what ails him.

What aileth thee, Hagar?

Gen. xxi. 17.

5 It is never used to express a specific disease. We do not

say, a fever ails him; but, something ails him.

Ail, v. i. To be affected with pain or uneasiness of any

sort; to be ill or indisposed or in trouble.

When he ails ever so little... he is so peevish.

Richardson.

Ail, n. Indisposition or morbid affection.

Pope.

AiOlan6thus (?), n. Same as Ailantus.

AiOlan6tus (?), n. [From aylanto, i. e., tree of heaven, the

name of the tree in the Moluccas.] (Bot.) A genus of

beautiful trees, natives of the East Indies. The tree

imperfectly di?cious, and the staminate or male plant is

very offensive when blossom.

AiOlette (?), n. [F. ailette, dim. of aile wing, L. ala.] A

small square shield, formerly worn on the shoulders of

knights, P being the prototype of the modern epaulet.

Fairholt.

Ail6ment (?), n. Indisposition; morbid affection of the

body; P not applied ordinarily to acute diseases. =Little

ailments.8

Landsdowne.

X Ai7luOroid6eOa (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? cat + Ooid.]

(Zo.l.) A group of the Carnivora, which includes the cats,

civets, and hyenas.

Aim (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Aimed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.

Aiming.] [OE. amen, aimen, eimen, to guess at, to estimate,

to aim, OF. esmer, asmer, fr. L. aestimare to estimate; or

perh. fr. OF. aesmer; ? (L. ad) + esmer. See Estimate.] 1.

To point or direct a missile weapon, or a weapon which

propels as missile, towards an object or spot with the

intent of hitting it; as, to aim at a fox, or at a target.

2. To direct the indention or purpose; to attempt the

accomplishment of a purpose; to try to gain; to endeavor; P

followed by at, or by an infinitive; as, to aim at

distinction; to aim to do well.

Aim'st thou at princes?

Pope.

3. To guess or conjecture. [Obs.]

Shak.

Aim, v. t. To direct or point, as a weapon, at a particular

object; to direct, as a missile, an act, or a proceeding,

at, to, or against an object; as, to aim a musket or an

arrow, the fist or a blow (at something); to aim a satire or

a reflection (at some person or vice).

Aim, n. [Cf. OF. esme estimation, fr. esmer. See Aim, v. i.]

1. The pointing of a weapon, as a gun, a dart, or an arrow,

in the line of direction with the object intended to be

struck; the line of fire; the direction of anything, as a

spear, a blow, a discourse, a remark, towards a particular

point or object, with a view to strike or affect it.

Each at the head leveled his deadly aim.

Milton.

2. The point intended to be hit, or object intended to be

attained or affected.

To be the aim of every dangerous shot.

Shak.

3. Intention; purpose; design; scheme.

How oft ambitious aims are crossed!

Pope.

4. Conjecture; guess. [Obs.]

What you would work me to, I have some aim.

Shak.

To cry ~ (Archery), to encourage. [Obs.]

Shak.

Syn. - End; object; scope; drift; design; purpose;

intention; scheme; tendency; aspiration.

Aim6er (?), n. One who aims, directs, or points.

Aim6less, a. Without aim or purpose; as, an aimless life. P

Aim6lessOly, adv. P Aim6lessOness, n.

Ai6no (?), n. [Said to be the native name for man.] One of a

peculiar race inhabiting Yesso, the Kooril Islands etc., in

the northern part of the empire of Japan, by some supposed

to have been the progenitors of the Japanese. The Ainos are

stout and short, with hairy bodies.

Ain't (?). A contraction for are not and am not; also used

for is not. [Colloq. or llliterate speech] See An't.

Air (?), n. [OE. air, eir, F. air, L. a r, fr. Gr. ?, ~,

mist, for ?, fr. root ? to blow, breathe, probably akin to

E. wind. In sense 10 the French has taking a meaning fr. It.

aria atmosphere, ~, fr. the same Latin word; and in senses

11, 12, 13 the French meaning is either fr. L. aria, or due

to confusion with F. aire, in an older sense of origin,

descent. Cf. A?ry, Debonair, Malaria, Wind.] 1. The fluid

which we breathe, and which surrounds the earth; the

atmosphere. It is invisible, inodorous, insipid,

transparent, compressible, elastic, and ponderable.

5 By the ancient philosophers, air was regarded as an

element; but modern science has shown that it is essentially

a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen, with a small amount of

carbon dioxide, the average proportions being, by volume:

oxygen, 20.96 per cent.; nitrogen, 79.00 per cent.; carbon

dioxide, 0.04 per cent. These proportions are subject to a

very slight variability. w also always contains some vapor

of water.

2. Symbolically: Something unsubstantial, light, or

volatile. =Charm ache with air.8

Shak.

He was still all air and fire. Macaulay. [Air and fire being

the finer and quicker elements as opposed to earth and

water.]

3. A particular state of the atmosphere, as respects heat,

cold, moisture, etc., or as affecting the sensations; as, a

smoky air, a damp air, the morning air, etc.

4. Any a riform body; a gas; as, oxygen was formerly called

vital air. [Obs.]

5. Air in motion; a light breeze; a gentle wind.

Let vernal airs through trembling osiers play.

Pope.

6. Odoriferous or contaminated ~.

7. That which surrounds and influences.

The keen, the wholesome air of poverty.

Wordsworth.

8. Utterance abroad; publicity; vent.

You gave it air before me.

Dryden.

9. Intelligence; information. [Obs.]

Bacon.

10. (Mus.) (a) A musical idea, or motive, rhythmically

developed in consecutive single tones, so as to form a

symmetrical and balanced whole, which may be sung by a

single voice to the stanzas of a hymn or song, or even to

plain prose, or played upon an instrument; a melody; a tune;

an aria. (b) In harmonized chorals, psalmody, part songs,

etc., the part which bears the tune or melody P in modern

harmony usually the upper part P is sometimes called the

air.

11. The peculiar look, appearance, and bearing of a person;

mien; demeanor; as, the air of a youth; a heavy air; a lofty

air. =His very air.8

Shak.

12. Peculiar appearance; apparent character; semblance;

manner; style.

It was communicated with the air of a secret.

Pope.

12. pl. An artificial or affected manner; show of

pride or vanity; haughtiness; as, it is said of a person, he

puts on airs.

Thackeray.

14. (Paint.) (a) The representation or reproduction of the

effect of the atmospheric medium through which every object

in nature is viewed. New Am. Cyc. (b) Carriage; attitude;

action; movement; as, the head of that portrait has a good

air.

Fairholt.

15. (Man.) The artificial motion or carriage of a horse.

5 Air is much used adjectively or as the first part of a

compound term. In most cases it might be written

indifferently, as a separate limiting word, or as the first

element of the compound term, with or without the hyphen;

as, air bladder, airPbladder, or airbladder; air cell,

airPcell, or aircell; airPpump, or airpump.

w balloon. See Balloon. P w bath. (a) An apparatus for the

application of ~ to the body. (b) An arrangement for drying

substances in ~ of any desired temperature. P w castle. See

Castle in the air, under Castle. P w compressor, a machine

for compressing ~ to be used as a motive power. P w

crossing, a passage for ~ in a mine. P w cushion, an ~Ptight

cushion which can be inflated; also, a device for arresting

motion without shock by confined ~. P w fountain, a

contrivance for producing a jet of water by the force of

compressed ~. P w furnace, a furnace which depends on a

natural draft and not on blast. P w line, a straight line; a

bee line. Hence wPline, adj.; airPline road. P w lock (Hydr.

Engin.), an intermediate chamber between the outer ~ and the

compressedP~ chamber of a pneumatic caisson. Knight. P w

port (Nav.), a scuttle or porthole in a ship to admit ~. P w

spring, a spring in which the elasticity of ~ is utilized. P

w thermometer, a form of thermometer in which the

contraction and expansion of ~ is made to measure changes of

temperature. P w threads, gossamer. P ~ trap, a contrivance

for shutting off foul ~ or gas from drains, sewers, etc.; a

stench trap. P w trunk, a pipe or shaft for conducting foul

or heated ~ from a room. P w valve, a valve to regulate the

admission or egress of ~; esp. a valve which opens inwardly

in a steam boiler and allows ~ to enter. P w way, a passage

for a current of ~; as the air way of an ~ pump; an air way

in a mine. P In the ~. (a) Prevalent without traceable

origin or authority, as rumors. (b) Not in a fixed or stable

position; unsettled. (c) (Mil.) Unsupported and liable to be

turned or taken in flank; as, the army had its wing in the

air. P To take ~, to be divulged; to be made public. P To

take the ~, to go abroad; to walk or ride out.

Air (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aired (?); p. pr. & vb. n.

Airing.] [See Air, n., and cf. A?rate.] 1. To expose to the

~ for the purpose of cooling, refreshing, or purifying; to

ventilate; as, to air a room.

It were good wisdom... that the jail were aired.

Bacon.

Were you but riding forth to air yourself.

Shak.

2. To expose for the sake of public notice; to display

ostentatiously; as, to air one's opinion.

Airing a snowy hand and signet gem.

Tennyson.

3. To expose to heat, for the purpose of expelling dampness,

or of warming; as, to air linen; to air liquors.

Air6 bed7 (?). A sack or matters inflated with air, and used

as a bed.

Air6 blad7der (?). 1. (Anat.) An air sac, sometimes double

or variously lobed, in the visceral cavity of many fishes.

It originates in the same way as the lungs of airPbreathing

vertebrates, and in the adult may retain a tubular

connection with the pharynx or esophagus.

2. A sac or bladder full of air in an animal or plant; also

an air hole in a casting.

Air6 brake7 (?). (Mach.) A railway brake operated by

condensed air.

Knight.

Air6Pbuilt7 (?), a. Erected in the air; having no solid

foundation; chimerical; as, an airPbuilt castle.

Air6 cell7 (?). 1. (Bot.) A cavity in the cellular tissue of

plants, containing air only.

2. (Anat.) A receptacle of air in various parts of the

system; as, a cell or minute cavity in the walls of the air

tubes of the lungs; the air sac of birds; a dilatation of

the air vessels in insects.

Air6 cham7ber (?). 1. A chamber or cavity filled with air,

in an animal or plant.

2. A cavity containing air to act as a spring for equalizing

the flow of a liquid in a pump or other hydraulic machine.

Air6 cock7 (?). A faucet to allow escape of air.

Air6Pdrawn6 (?), a. Drawn in air; imaginary.

This is the airPdrawn dagger.

Shak.

Air6 drill7 (?). A drill driven by the elastic pressure of

condensed air; a pneumatic drill.

Knight.

Air6 engine7 (?). An engine driven by heated or by

compressed air.

Knight.

Air6er (?), n. 1. One who exposes to the air.

2. A frame on which clothes are aired or dried.

Air6 gas7 (?). See under Gas.

Air6 gun7 (?). A kind of gun in which the elastic force of

condensed air is used to discharge the ball. The air is

powerfully compressed into a reservoir attached to the gun,

by a condensing pump, and is controlled by a valve actuated

by the trigger.

Air6 hole7 (?). 1. A hole to admit or discharge air;

specifically, a spot in the ice not frozen over.

2. (Founding) A fault in a casting, produced by a bubble of

air; a blowhole.

Air6iOly (?), adv. In an airy manner; lightly; gaily;

jauntily; fippantly.

Air6iOness, n. 1. The state or quality of being airy;

openness or exposure to the air; as, the airiness of a

country seat.

2. Lightness of spirits; gayety; levity; as, the airiness of

young persons.

Air6ing (?), n. 1. A walk or a ride in the open air; a short

excursion for health's sake.

2. An exposure to air, or to a fire, for warming, drying,

etc.; as, the airing of linen, or of a room.

Air6 jack7et (?). A jacket having airPtight cells, or

cavities which can be filled with air, to render persons

buoyant in swimming.

Air6less (?), a. Not open to a free current of air; wanting

fresh air, or communication with the open air.

Air6 lev7el (?). Spirit level. See Level.

Air6like7 (?), a. Resembling air.

Air6ling (?), n. A thoughtless, gay person. [Obs.] =Slight

airlings.8

B. Jonson.

AirOom6eOter (?), n. [Air + Ometer.] A hollow cylinder to

contain air. It is closed above and open below, and has its

open end plunged into water.

Air6 pipe7 (?). A pipe for the passage of air; esp. a

ventilating pipe.

Air6 plant7 (?). (Bot.) A plant deriving its sustenance from

the air alone; an a rophyte.

5 The =Florida moss8 (Tillandsia), many tropical orchids,

and most mosses and lichens are air plants. Those which are

lodged upon trees, but not parasitic on them, are epiphytes.

Air6 poise7 (?). [See Poise.] A? ? measure the weight of

air.

Air6 pump7 (?). 1. (Physics) A kind of pump for exhausting

air from a vessel or closed space; also, a pump to condense

air of force in into a closed space.

2. (Steam Engines) A pump used to exhaust from a condenser

the condensed steam, the water used for condensing, and any

commingled air.

Air6 sac7 (?). (Anat.) One of the spaces in different parts.

of the bodies of birds, which are filled with air and

connected with the air passages of the lungs; an air cell.

Air6 shaft7 (?). A passage, usually vertical, for admitting

fresh air into a mine or a tunnel.

Air6Pslacked7 (?), a. Slacked, or pulverized, by exposure to

the air; as, airPslacked lime.

Air6 stove7 (?). A stove for heating a current of air which

is directed against its surface by means of pipes, and then

distributed through a building.

Air6Ptight7 (?), a. So tight as to be impermeable to air;

as, an airPtight cylinder.

Air6Ptight7, n. A stove the draft of which can be almost

entirely shut off. [Colloq. U. S.]

Air6 ves7sel (?). A vessel, cell, duct, or tube containing

or conducting air; as the air vessels of insects, birds,

plants, etc.; the air vessel of a pump, engine, etc. For the

latter, see Air chamber. The air vessels of insects are

called trache., of plants spiral vessels.

Air6ward (?), Air6wards (?), } adv. Toward the air; upward.

[R.]

Keats.

Air6y (?), a. 1. Consisting of air; as, an airy substance;

the airy parts of bodies.

2. Relating or belonging to air; high in air; a rial; as, an

airy flight. =The airy region.8

Milton.

3. Open to a free current of air; exposed to the air;

breezy; as, an airy situation.

4. Resembling air; thin; unsubstantial; not material;

airlike. =An airy spirit.8

Shak.

5. Relating to the spirit or soul; delicate; graceful; as,

airy music.

6. Without reality; having no solid foundation; empty;

trifling; visionary. =Airy fame.8

Shak.

Empty sound, and airy notions.

Roscommon.

7. Light of heart; vivacious; sprightly; flippant;

superficial. =Merry and airy.8

Jer. Taylor.

8. Having an affected manner; being in the habit of putting

on airs; affectedly grand. [Colloq.]

9. (Paint.) Having the light and a rial tints true to

nature.

Elmes.

Aisle (?), n. [OF. ele, F. aile, wing, wing of a building,

L. ala, contr. fr. axilla.] (Arch.) (a) A lateral division

of a building, separated from the middle part, called the

nave, by a row of columns or piers, which support the roof

or an upper wall containing windows, called the clearstory

wall. (b) Improperly used also for the have; P as in the

phrases, a church with three aisles, the middle aisle. (c)

Also (perhaps from confusion with alley), a passage into

which the pews of a church open.

Aisled (?), a. Furnished with an aisle or aisles.

Ais6less (?), a. Without an aisle.

Ait (?), n. [AS. ?, ?, perh. dim. of Feg, Fg, island. See

Eyot.] An islet, or little isle, in a river or lake; an

eyot.

The ait where the osiers grew.

R. Hodges (1649).

Among green aits and meadows.

Dickens.

Ait (?), n. Oat. [Scot.]

Burns.

Aitch (?), n. The letter h or H.

Aitch6bone7 (?), n. [For nachebone. For loss of n, cf.

Adder. See Natch.] The bone of the rump; also, the cut of

beef surrounding this bone. [Spelt also edgebone.]

Ai7tiOol6oOgy (?), n. See .tiology.

AOjar6 (?), adv. [OE. on char ~, on the turn; AS. cerr,

cyrr, turn, akin to G. kehren to turn, and to D. akerre. See

Char.] Slightly turned or opened; as, the door was standing

ajar.

AOjar6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + jar.] In a state of discord;

out of harmony; as, he is ajar with the world.

AOjog6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + jog.] On the jog.

Aj6uOtage (?), n. [F. ajutage, for ajoutage, fr. ajouter to

add, LL. adjuxtare, fr. L. ad + juxta near to, nigh. Cf.

Adjutage, Adjustage, Adjust.] A tube through which is water

is discharged; an efflux tube; as, the ajutage of a

fountain.

Ake (?), n. & v. See Ache.

AOkene6 (?), n. (Bot.) Same as Achene.

Ak6eOton (?), n. [Obs.] See Acton.

AOkim6bo (?), a. [Etymology unknown. Cf. Kimbo.] With a

crook or bend; with the hand on the hip and elbow turned

outward. =With one arm akimbo.8

Irving.

AOkin6 (?), a. [Pref. aO (for of) + kin.] 1. Of the same

kin; related by blood; P used of persons; as, the two

families are near akin.

2. Allied by nature; partaking of the same properties; of

the same kind. =A joy akin to rapture.8

Cowper.

The literary character of the work is akin to its moral

character.

Jeffrey.

5 This adjective is used only after the noun.

X Ak7iOne6siOa (?), n. [Gr. ? quiescence; ? priv. + ?

motion.] (Med.) Paralysis of the motor nerves; loss of

movement.

Foster.

Ak7iOne6sic (?), a. (med.) Pertaining to akinesia.

AOknee6 (?), adv. On the knee. [R.]

Southey.

AkOnow6 (?). Earlier form of Acknow. [Obs.]

To be ~, to acknowledge; to confess. [Obs.]

Al (?), a. All. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

AlO. A prefix. (a) [AS. eal.] All; wholly; completely; as,

almighty,almost. (b) [L. ad.] To; at; on; P in OF. shortened

to aO. See AdO. (c) The Arabic definite article answering to

the English the; as, Alkoran, the Koran or the Book;

alchemy, the chemistry.

Al. conj. Although; if. [Obs.] See All, conj.

X A6la (?), n.; pl. Al. (?). [L., a wing.] (Biol.) A

winglike organ, or part.

Al7aOba6ma pe6riOod (?). (Geol.) A period in the American

eocene, the lowest in the tertiary age except the lignitic.

Al6aObas6ter (?), n. [L. alabaster, Gr. ?, said to be

derived fr. Alabastron, the name of a town in Egypt, near

which it was common: cf. OF. alabastre, F. alb.tre.] 1.

(Min.) (a) A compact variety or sulphate of lime, or gypsum,

of ??ne texture, and usually white and translucent, but

sometimes yellow, red, or gray. It is carved into vases,

mantel ornaments, etc. (b) A hard, compact variety of

carbonate of lime, somewhat translucent, or of banded shades

of color; stalagmite. The name is used in this sense by

Pliny. It is sometimes distinguished as oriental alabaster.

2. A box or vessel for holding odoriferous ointments, etc.;

P so called from the stone of which it was originally made.

Fosbroke.

Al7aObas6triOan (?), a. Alabastrine.

Al7aObas6trine (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or like,

alabaster; as alabastrine limbs.

X Al7aObas6trum (?), n.; pl. Alabastra (?). [NL.] (Bot.) A

flower bud.

Gray.

AOlack6 (?), interj. [Prob. from ah! lack! OE. lak loss,

failure, misfortune. See Lack.] An exclamation expressive of

sorrow. [Archaic. or Poet.]

Shak.

AOlack6aOday7 (?), interj. [For alack the day. Cf.

Lackaday.] An exclamation expressing sorrow.

5 Shakespeare has =alack the day8 and =alack the heavy day.8

Compare =woe worth the day.8

AOlac6riOfy (?), v. t. [L. alacer, alacris, lively + Ofly.]

To rouse to action; to inspirit.

AOlac6riOous (?), a. [L. alacer, alacris.] Brisk; joyously

active; lively.

'T were well if we were a little more alacrious.

Hammond.

AOlac6riOousOly, adv. With alacrity; briskly.

AOlac6riOousOness, n. Alacrity. [Obs.]

Hammond.

AOlac6riOty (?), n. [L. alacritas, fr. alacer lively, eager,

prob. akin to Gr. ? to drive, Goth. aljan zeal.] A cheerful

readiness, willingness, or promptitude; joyous activity;

briskness; sprightliness; as, the soldiers advanced with

alacrity to meet the enemy.

I have not that alacrity of spirit,

Nor cheer of mind that I was wont to have.

Shak.

AOlad6inOist (?), n. [From Aladin, for Ala Eddin, i. e.,

height of religion, a learned divine under Mohammed II. and

Bajazet II.] One of a sect of freethinkers among the

Mohammedans.

Al7aOlon6ga (?), or Al7iOlon6ghi (?), n. (Zo.l.) The tunny.

See Albicore.

X A7laOmi6re (?), n. [Compounded of a la mi re, names of

notes in the musical scale.] The lowest note but one in

Guido Aretino's scale of music.

Al7aOmoOdal6iOty (?), n. The quality of being . la mode;

conformity to the mode or fashion; fashionableness. [R.]

Southey.

Al6aOmode7 (?), adv. & a. [F. . la mode after the fashion.]

According to the fashion or prevailing mode. =Alamode beef

shops.8

Macaulay.

Al6aOmode7, n. A thin, black silk for hoods, scarfs, etc.; P

often called simply mode.

Buchanan.

Al7aOmort6 (?), a. [F. . la mort to the death. Cf. Amort.]

To the death; mortally.

AOlan6 (?), n. [OF. alan, alant; cf. Sp. alano.] A

wolfhound. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

AOland6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + land.] On land; to the land;

ashore. =Cast aland.8

Sir P. Sidney.

Al6aOnine (?), n. [Aldehyde + the ending Oine. The OanO is a

euphonic insertion.] (Chem.) A white crystalline base,

C3H7NO2, derived from aldehyde ammonia.

AOlan6tin (?), n. [G. alant elecampane, the Inula helenium

of Linn.us.] (Chem.) See Inulin.

A6lar (?), a. [L. alarius, fr. ala wing: cf. F. alaire.] 1.

Pertaining to, or having, wings.

2. (Bot.) Axillary; in the fork or axil.

Gray.

AOlarm6 (?), n. [F. alarme, It. all' arme to arms ! fr. L.

arma, pl., arms. See Arms, and cf. Alarum.] 1. A summons to

arms, as on the approach of an enemy.

Arming to answer in a night alarm.

Shak.

2. Any sound or information intended to give notice of

approaching danger; a warming sound to arouse attention; a

warning of danger.

Sound an alarm in my holy mountain.

Joel ii. 1.

3. A sudden attack; disturbance; broil. [R.] =These home

alarms.8

Shak.

Thy palace fill with insults and alarms.

Pope.

4. Sudden surprise with fear or terror excited by

apprehension of danger; in the military use, commonly,

sudden apprehension of being attacked by surprise.

Alarm and resentment spread throughout the camp.

Macaulay.

5. A mechanical contrivance for awaking persons from sleep,

or rousing their attention; an alarum.

~ bell, a bell that gives notice on danger. P w clock or

watch, a clock or watch which can be so set as to ring or

strike loudly at a prearranged hour, to wake from sleep, or

excite attention. P w gauge, a contrivance attached to a

steam boiler for showing when the pressure of steam is too

high, or the water in the boiler too low. P w post, a place

to which troops are to repair in case of an ~.

Syn. - Fright; affright; terror; trepidation; apprehension;

consternation; dismay; agitation; disquiet; disquietude. P

Alarm, Fright, Terror, Consternation. These words express

different degrees of fear at the approach of danger. Fright

is fear suddenly excited, producing confusion of the senses,

and hence it is unreflecting. Alarm is the hurried agitation

of feeling which springs from a sense of immediate and

extreme exposure. Terror is agitating and excessive fear,

which usually benumbs the faculties. Consternation is

overwhelming fear, and carries a notion of powerlessness and

amazement. Alarm agitates the feelings; terror disorders the

understanding and affects the will; fright seizes on and

confuses the sense; consternation takes possession of the

soul, and subdues its faculties. See Apprehension.

AOlarm6, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Alarmed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.

Alarming.] [Alarm, n. Cf. F. alarmer.] 1. To call to arms

for defense; to give notice to (any one) of approaching

danger; to rouse to vigilance and action; to put on the

alert.

2. To keep in excitement; to disturb.

3. To surprise with apprehension of danger; to fill with

anxiety in regard to threatening evil; to excite with sudden

fear.

Alarmed by rumors of military preparation.

Macaulay.

AOlarm6aOble (?), a. Easily alarmed or disturbed.

AOlarmed6 (?), a. Aroused to vigilance; excited by fear of

approaching danger; agitated; disturbed; as, an alarmed

neighborhood; an alarmed modesty.

The white pavilions rose and fell

On the alarmed air.

Longfellow.

AOlarm6edOly (?), adv. In an alarmed manner.

AOlarm6ing, a. Exciting, or calculated to excite, alarm;

causing apprehension of danger; as, an alarming crisis or

report. P AOlarm6ingOly, adv.

AOlarm6ist, n. [Cf. F. alarmiste.] One prone to sound or

excite alarms, especially, needless alarms.

Macaulay.

AOlar6um (?; 277), n. [OE. alarom, the same word as alarm,

n.] See Alarm. [Now Poetic]

5 The variant form alarum is now commonly restricted to an

alarm signal or the mechanism to sound an alarm (as in an

alarm clock.)

Al6aOry (?), a. [L. alarius, fr. ala wing.] Of or pertaining

to wings; also, wingPshaped.

The alary system of insects.

Wollaston.

AOlas6 (?), interj. [OE. alas, allas, OF. alas, F. h.las; a

interj. (L. ah.) + las wretched (that I am), L. lassus

weary, akin to E. late. See Late.] An exclamation expressive

of sorrow, pity, or apprehension of evil; P in old writers,

sometimes followed by day or white; alas the day, like alack

a day, or alas the white.

AOlate6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + late.] Lately; of late.

[Archaic]

There hath been alate such tales spread abroad.

Latimer.

A6late (?), A6laOted (?), } a. [L. alatus, from ala wing.]

Winged; having wings, or side appendages like wings.

Al6aOtern (?), X Al7aOter6nus (?), } n. [L. ala wing + terni

three each.] (Bot.) An ornamental evergreen shrub (Rhamnus

alaternus) belonging to the buckthorns.

AOla6tion (?), n. [F., fr. L. alatus winged.] The state of

being winged.

AOlaunt6 (?), n. See Alan. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Alb (?), n. [OE. albe, LL. alba, fr. L. albus white. Cf.

Album and Aube.] A vestment of white linen, reaching to the

feet, an enveloping the person; P in the Roman Catholic

church, worn by those in holy orders when officiating at

mass. It was formerly worn, at least by clerics, in daily

life.

Al6baOcore (?), n. (Zo.l.) See Albicore.

Al6ban (?), n. [L. albus white.] (Chem.) A white crystalline

resinous substance extracted from guttaPpercha by the action

of alcohol or ether.

AlOba6niOan (?), a. Of or pertaining to Albania, a province

of Turkey. P n. A native of Albania.

X AlOba6ta (?), n. [L. albatus, p. p. of albare to make

white, fr. albus white.] A white metallic alloy; which is

made into spoons, forks, teapots, etc. British plate or

German silver. See German silver, under German.

Al6baOtross (?), n. [Corrupt. fr. Pg. alcatraz cormorant, ~,

or Sp. alcatraz a pelican: cf. Pg. alcatruz, Sp. arcaduz, a

bucket, fr. Ar. alPq>dus the bucket, fr. Gr. ?, a water

vessel. So an Arabic term form pelican is waterPcarrier, as

a bird carrying water in its pouch.] (Zo.l.) A web-footed

bird, of the genus Diomedea, of which there are several

species. They are the largest of sea birds, capable of

longPcontinued flight, and are often seen at great distances

from the land. They are found chiefly in the southern

hemisphere.

Al7be6, Al7bee6 } (?), conj. [See Albeit.] Although; albeit.

[Obs.]

Albe Clarissa were their chiefest founderess.

Spenser.

X AlObe6do (?), n. [L., fr. albus white.] Whiteness.

Specifically: (Astron.) The ratio which the light reflected

from an unpolished surface bears to the total light falling

upon that surface.

Al7be6it (?), conj. [OE. al be although it be, where al is

our all. Cf. Although.] Even though; although;

notwithstanding.

Chaucer.

Albeit so masked, Madam, I love the truth.

Tennyson.

Al6bertOite (?), n. (Min.) A bituminous mineral resembling

asphaltum, found in the county of A. ?bert, New Brunswick.

Al6berOtype (?), n. [From the name of the inventor, Albert,

of Munich.] A picture printed from a kind of gelatine plate

produced by means of a photographic negative.

AlObes6cence (?), n. The act of becoming white; whitishness.

AlObes6cent (?), a. [L. albescens, p. pr. of albescere to

grow white, fr. albus white.] Becoming white or whitish;

moderately white.

Al6biOcant (?), a. [L. albicans, p. pr. of albicare,

albicatum, to be white, fr. albus white.] Growing or

becoming white.

Al7biOca6tion (?), n. The process of becoming white, or

developing white patches, or streaks.

Al6biOcore (?), n. [F. albicore (cf. Sp. albacora, Pg.

albacor, albacora, albecora), fr. Ar. bakr, bekr, a young

camel, young cow, heifer, and the article al: cf. Pg. bacoro

a little pig.] (Zo.l.) A name applied to several large

fishes of the Mackerel family, esp. Orcynus alalonga. One

species (Orcynus thynnus), common in the Mediterranean and

Atlantic, is called in New England the horse mackerel; the

tunny. [Written also albacore.]

Al7biOfiOca6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. albification: L. albus

white + ficare (only in comp.), facere, to make.] The act or

process of making white. [Obs.]

Al7biOgen6ses (?), X Al7bi7geois6 (?), } n. pl. [From Albi

and Albigeois, a town and its district in the south of

France, in which the sect abounded.] (Eccl. Hist.) A sect of

reformers opposed to the church of Rome in the 12th

centuries.

The Albigenses were a branch of the Catharists (the pure).

They were exterminated by crusades and the Inquisition. They

were distinct from the Waldenses.

Al7biOgen6sian (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Albigenses.

AlObi6ness (?), n. A female albino.

Holmes.

Al6biOnism (?), n. The state or condition of being an

albino: abinoism; leucopathy.

Al7biOnis6tic (?), a. Affected with albinism.

AlObi6no (?; 277), n.; pl. Albinos (?). [Sp. or Pg. albino,

orig. whitish, fr. albo white, L. albus.] A person, whether

negro, Indian, or white, in whom by some defect of

organization the substance which gives color to the skin,

hair, and eyes is deficient or in a morbid state. An ~ has a

skin of a milky hue, with hair of the same color, and eyes

with deep red pupil and pink or blue iris. The term is also

used of the lower animals, as white mice, elephants, etc.;

and of plants in a whitish condition from the absence of

chlorophyll.

Amer. Cyc.

5 The term was originally applied by the Portuguese to

negroes met with on the coast of Africa, who were mottled

with white spots.

AlObi6noOism (?), n. The state or condition of being an

albino; albinism.

Al7biOnot6ic (?), a. Affected with albinism.

Al6biOon (?), n. [Prob. from the same root as Gael. alp a

height or hill. =It may have been bestowed on the land lying

behind the white cliffs visible from the coast of Gaul.

Albany, the old name of Scotland, means probably the =hilly

land.8 I. Taylor.] An ancient name of England, still

retained in poetry.

In that nookPshotten isle of Albion.

Shak.

Al6bite (?), n. [L. albus white.] (Min.) A mineral of the

feldspar family, triclinic in crystallization, and in

composition a silicate of alumina and soda. It is a common

constituent of granite and of various igneous rocks. See

Feldspar.

Al6boOlith (?), n. [L. albus white + Olith.] A kind of

plastic cement, or artificial stone, consisting chiefly of

magnesia and silica; P called also albolite.

X Al6boOrak (?; 277), n. [Ar. alPbur>q, fr. baraqa to flash,

shine.] The imaginary milkPwhite animal on which Mohammed

was said to have been carried up to heaven; a white mule.

Al7buOgin6eOous (?), a. [See Albugo.] Of the nature of, or

resembling, the white of the eye, or of an egg; albuminous;

P a term applied to textures, humors, etc., which are

perfectly white.

X AlObu6go (?), n.; pl. Albugines (?). [L., whiteness, fr.

albus white.] (Med.) Same as Leucoma.

Al6bum (?), n. [L., neut. of albus white: cf. F. album. Cf.

Alb.] 1. (Rom. Antiq.) A white tablet on which anything was

inscribed, as a list of names, etc.

2. A register for visitors' names; a visitors' book.

3. A blank book, in which to insert autographs sketches,

memorial writing of friends, photographs, etc.

AlObu6men (?), n. [L., fr. albus white.] 1. The white of an

egg.

2. (Bot.) Nourishing matter stored up within the integuments

of the seed in many plants, but not incorporated in the

embryo. It is the floury part in corn, wheat, and like

grains, the oily part in poppy seeds, the fleshy part in the

cocoanut, etc.

3. (Chem.) Same as Albumin.

AlObu6menOize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Albumenized (?); p.

pr. & vb. n. Albumenizing.] To cover or saturate with

albumen; to coat or treat with an albuminous solution; as,

to albuminize paper.

X Al6bum Gr.6cum (?). [L., Greek white.] Dung of dogs or

hyenas, which becomes white by exposure to air. It is used

in dressing leather, and was formerly used in medicine.

AlObu6min (?), n. (Chem.) A thick, viscous nitrogenous

substance, which is the chief and characteristic constituent

of white of eggs and of the serum of blood, and is found in

other animal substances, both fluid and solid, also in many

plants. It is soluble in water is coagulated by heat ad by

certain chemical reagents.

Acid ~, a modification of ~ produced by the action of dilute

acids. It is not coagulated by heat. P Alkali ~, ~ as

modified by the action of alkaline substances; P called also

albuminate.

AlObu6miOnate (?), n. (Chem.) A substance produced by the

action of an alkali upon albumin, and resembling casein in

its properties; also, a compound formed by the union of

albumin with another substance.

AlObu7miOnif6erOous (?), a. [L. albumen + Oferous.]

Supplying albumen.

AlObu7miOnim6eOter (?), n. [L. albumen, albuminis + Ometer:

cf. F. albuminim

tre.] An instrument for ascertaining the

quantity of albumen in a liquid.

AlObu6miOnin (?), n. (Chem.) The substance of the cells

which inclose the white of birds' eggs.

AlObu7miOnip6aOrous (?), a. [L. albumen + parere to bear,

bring forth.] Producing albumin.

AlObu6miOnoid (?), a. [L. albumen + Ooid.] (Chem.)

Resembling albumin. P n. One of a class of organic

principles (called also proteids) which form the main part

of organized tissues.

Brunton.

AlObu7miOnoid6al (?), a. (Chem.) Of the nature of an

albuminoid.

AlObu6miOnose7 (?), n.(Chem.) A diffusible substance formed

from albumin by the action of natural or artificial gastric

juice. See Peptone.

AlObu6miOnous (?), AlObu6miOnose7 (?), } a. [Cf. F.

albumineux.] Pertaining to, or containing, albumen; having

the properties of, or resembling, albumen or albumin. P

AlObu6miOnousOness, n.

X AlObu7miOnu6riOa (?), n. [NL., fr. L. albumen + Gr. ?

urine.] (Med.) A morbid condition in which albumin is

present in the urine.

Al6buOmose7 (?), n. [From albumin.] (Chem.) A compound or

class of compounds formed from albumin by dilute acids or by

an acid solution of pepsin. Used also in combination, as

antialbumose, hemialbumose.

Al6burn (?), n. [L. alburnus, fr. L. albus white. Cf.

Auburn.] (Zo.l.) The bleak, a small European fish having

scales of a peculiarly silvery color which are used in

making artificial pearls.

AlObur6nous (?), a. Of or pertaining to alburnum; of the

alburnum; as, alburnous substances.

AlObur6num (?), n. [L., fr. albus white.] (Bot.) The white

and softer part of wood, between the inner bark and the hard

wood or duramen; sapwood.

Al6byn (?), n. [See Albion.] Scotland; esp. the Highlands of

Scotland.

T. Cambell.

AlOcade6 (?), n. Same as Alcaid.

Al6caOhest (?), n. Same as Alkahest.

AlOca6ic (?), a. [L. Alca.cus, Gr. ?.] Pertaining to Alc.us,

a lyric poet of Mitylene, about 6000 b. c. P n. A kind of

verse, so called from Alc.us. One variety consists of five

feet, a spondee or iambic, an iambic, a long syllable, and

two dactyls.

X AlOcaid6, AlOcayde6 (?), n. [Sp. alcaide, fr. Ar. alPq>Fd

governor, fr. q>da to lead, govern.] 1. A commander of a

castle or fortress among the Spaniards, Portuguese, and

Moors.

2. The warden, or keeper of a jail.

X AlOcal6de (?), n. [Sp. alcalde, fr. Ar. alPq>dF judge, fr.

qada to decide, judge. Hence, the cadi of the Turks. Cf.

Cadi.] A magistrate or judge in Spain and in Spanish

America, etc.

Prescott.

5 Sometimes confounded with Alcaid.

Al7caOlim6eOter, n. See Alkalimeter.

X AlOcan6na (?), n. [Sp. alcana, alhe?a, fr. Ar. alOhinn>.

See Henna, and cf. Alkanet.] (Bot.) An oriental shrub

(Lawsonia inermis) from which henna is obtained.

X Al7carOra6za (?), n.; pl. Alcarrazas. [Sp., from Ar.

alPkurr>z earthen vessel.] A vessel of porous earthenware,

used for cooling liquids by evaporation from the exterior

surface.

X AlOcayde6 (?), n. Same as Alcaid.

X AlOca6zar (?), n. [Sp., fr. Ar. al the + qacr (in pl.) a

castle.] A fortress; also, a royal palace.

Prescott.

X AlOce6do (?), n. [L., equiv. to Gr. ?. See Halcyon.]

(Zo.l.) A genus of perching birds, including the European

kingfisher (Alcedo ispida). See Halcyon.

AlOchem6ic (?), AlOchem6icOal (?), } a. [Cf. F. alchimique.]

Of or relating to alchemy.

AlOchem6icOalOly, adv. In the manner of alchemy.

Al6cheOmist (?), n. [Cf. OF. alquemiste, F. alchimiste.] One

who practices alchemy.

You are alchemist; make gold.

Shak.

Al7cheOmis6tic (?), Al7cheOmis6ticOal (?), } a. Relating to

or practicing alchemy.

Metaphysical and alchemistical legislators.

Burke.

Al6cheOmisOtry (?), n. Alchemy. [Obs.]

Al6cheOmize (?), v. t. To change by alchemy; to transmute.

Lovelace.

Al6cheOmy (?), n. [OF. alkemie, arquemie, F. alchimie, Ar.

alOkFmFa, fr. late Gr. ?, for ?, a mingling, infusion, ?

juice, liquid, especially as extracted from plants, fr. ? to

pour; for chemistry was originally the art of extracting the

juices from plants for medicinal purposes. Cf. Sp. alquimia,

It. alchimia. Gr. ? is prob. akin to L. fundere to pour,

Goth. guitan, AS. ge"tan, to pour, and so to E. fuse. See

Fuse, and cf. Chemistry.] 1. An imaginary art which aimed to

transmute the baser metals into gold, to find the panacea,

or universal remedy for diseases, etc. It led the way to

modern chemistry.

2. A mixed metal composed mainly of brass, formerly used for

various utensils; hence, a trumpet. [Obs.]

Put to their mouths the sounding alchemy.

Milton.

3. Miraculous power of transmuting something common into

something precious.

Kissing with golden face the meadows green,

Gilding pale streams with heavenly alchemy.

Shak.

AlOchym6ic (?), a., Al6chyOmist (?), n., Al7chyOmis6tic (?),

a., Al6chyOmy (?), n. See Alchemic, Alchemist, Alchemistic,

Alchemy.

X Al6co (?), n. A small South American dog, domesticated by

the aborigines.

Al6coOate (?), Al6coOhate (?), } n. Shortened forms of

Alcoholate.

Al6coOhol (?), n. [Cf. F. alcool, formerly written alcohol,

Sp. alcohol alcohol, antimony, galena, OSp. alcofol; all fr.

Ar. alPkohl a powder of antimony or galena, to paint the

eyebrows with. The name was afterwards applied, on account

of the fineness of this powder, to highly rectified spirits,

a signification unknown in Arabia. The Sp. word has bot

meanings. Cf. Alquifou.] 1. An impalpable powder. [Obs.]

2. The fluid essence or pure spirit obtained by

distillation. [Obs.]

Boyle.

3. Pure spirit of wine; pure or highly rectified spirit

(called also ethyl alcohol); the spirituous or intoxicating

element of fermented or distilled liquors, or more loosely

a liquid containing it is considerable quantity. It is

extracted by simple distillation from various vegetable

juices and infusions of a saccharine nature, which have

undergone vinous fermentation.

5 As used in the U. S. =Pharmacop?ia, alcohol contains 91

per cent by weight of ethyl ~ and 9 per cent of water; and

d???ted alcohol (proof spirit) contains 45.5 per cent by

weight of ethyl ~ and 54.5 per cent of water.

4. ( Organic Chem.) A class of compounds analogous to vinic

~ in constitution. Chemically speaking, they are hydroxides

of certain organic radicals; as, the radical ethyl forms

common or ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH); methyl forms methyl

alcohol (CH3.OH) or wood spirit; amyl forms amyl alcohol

(C5H11.OH) or fusel oil, etc.

Al6coOholOate (?), n. [Cf. F. alcolaie.] (Chem.) A

crystallizable compound of a salt with alcohol, in which the

latter plays a part analogous to that of water of

crystallization.

Graham.

Al7coOhol6aOture (?), n. [Cf. F. alcoolature.] (Med.) An

alcoholic tincture prepared with fresh plants.

New Eng. Dict.

Al7coOhol6ic (?), a. [Cf. F. alcolique.] Of or pertaining to

alcohol, or partaking of its qualities; derived from, or

caused by, alcohol; containing alcohol; as, alcoholic

mixtures; alcoholic gastritis; alcoholic odor.

Al7coOhol6ic, n. 1. A person given to the use of ~ liquors.

2. pl. w liquors.

Al6coOholOism (?), n. [Cf. F. alcoolisme.] (Med.) A diseased

condition of the system, brought about by the continued use

of alcoholic liquors.

Al7coOhol7iOza6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. alcoolisation.] 1. The

act of reducing a substance to a fine or impalpable powder.

[Obs.]

Johnson.

2. The act rectifying spirit.

3. Saturation with alcohol; putting the animal system under

the influence of alcoholic liquor.

Al6coOholOize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Alcoholized (?); p.

pr. & vb. n. Alcoholizing.] [Cf. F. alcooliser.] 1. To

reduce to a fine powder. [Obs.]

Johnson.

2. To convert into alcohol; to rectify; also, to saturate

with alcohol.

Al7coOholOom6eOter (?), Al7coOhol6meOter (?), } n. [Alcohol

+ Ometer.] (Chem.) An instrument for determining the

strength of spirits, with a scale graduated so as to

indicate the percentage of pure alcohol, either by weight or

volume. It is usually a form of hydrometer with a special

scale.

Al7coOhol7oOmet6ric (?), Al7coOhol7oOmet6ricOal (?),

Al7coOholOmet6ricOal (?), } a. Relating to the alcoholometer

or alcoholometry.

The alcoholometrical strength of spirituous liquors.

Ure.

Al7coOhol6om6eOtry (?), n. The process or method of

ascertaining the proportion of pure alcohol which spirituous

liquors contain.

Al7coOhom6eOter (?), n., Al7coOhoOmet6ric, a. Same as

Alcoholometer, Alcoholometric.

Al7coO.m6eOtry (?), n. See Alcoholometry.

5 The chemists say alcom

tre, alcoom

trie, doubtless by the

suppression of a syllable in order to avoid a disagreeable

sequence of sounds. (Cf. Idolatry.)

Littr..

Al6coOran (?; 277), n. [F. alcoran, fr. Ar. alPqor>n, orig.

the reading, the book, fr. qaraa to read. Cf. Koran.] The

Mohammedan Scriptures; the Koran (now the usual form).

[Spelt also Alcoran.]

Al7coOran6ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Koran.

Al7coOran6ist, n. One who adheres to the letter of the

Koran, rejecting all traditions.

Al6cove (?; 277), n. [F. alc.ve, Sp. or Pg. alcoba, from Ar.

alPquobbah arch, vault, tent.] 1. (Arch.) A recessed portion

of a room, or a small room opening into a larger one;

especially, a recess to contain a bed; a lateral recess in a

library.

2. A small ornamental building with seats, or an arched

seat, in a pleasure ground; a garden bower.

Cowper.

3. Any natural recess analogous to an ~ or recess in an

apartment.

The youthful wanderers found a wild alcove.

Falconer.

Al6cyOon (?), n. See Halcyon.

X Al7cyOoOna6ceOa (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo.l.) A group of

softPbodied Alcyonaria, of which Alcyonium is the type. See

Illust. under Alcyonaria.

X Al7cyOoOna6riOa (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo.l.) One of the

orders of Anthozoa. It includes the Alcyonacea,

Pennatulacea, and Gorgonacea.

X AlOcy6oOnes (?), n. pl. [L., pl. of Alcyon.] (Zo.l.) The

kingfishers.

Al7cyOon6ic (?), a. (Zo.l.) Of or pertaining to the

Alcyonaria.

X Al7cyOo6niOum (?), n. [Gr. ? a zo.phyte, so called from

being like the halcyon's nest.] (Zo.l.) A genus of fleshy

Alcyonaria, its polyps somewhat resembling flowers with

eight fringed rays. The term was also formerly used for

certain species of sponges.

Al6cyOoOnoid (?), a. [Gr. ? + Ooid.] (Zo.l.) Like or

pertaining to the Alcyonaria. P n. A zo.phyte of the order

Alcyonaria.

Al6day (?), adv. Continually. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

AlOdeb6aOran (?), n. [Ar. alOdebar>n, fr. dabar to follow;

so called because this star follows upon the Pleiades.]

(Astron.) A red star of the first magnitude, situated in the

eye of Taurus; the Bull's Eye. It is the bright star in the

group called the Hyades.

Now when Aldebaran was mounted high

Above the shiny Cassiopeia's chair.

Spenser.

Ai6deOhyde (?), n. [Abbrev. fr. alcohol dehydrogenatum,

alcohol deprived of its hydrogen.] (Chem.) A colorless,

mobile, and very volatile liquid obtained from alcohol by

certain of oxidation.

5 The aldehydes are intermediate between the alcohols and

acids, and differ from the alcohols in having two less

hydrogen atoms in the molecule, as common aldehyde (called

also acetic aldehyde or ethyl aldehyde), C2H4O; methyl

aldehyde, CH2O.

w ammonia (Chem.), a compound formed by the union of ~ with

ammonia.

Al7deOhy6dic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to aldehyde;

as, aldehydic acid.

Miller.

Al6der (?), n. [OE. aldir, aller, fr. AS. alr, aler, alor,

akin to D. els, G. erle, Icel. erlir, erli, Swed. al, Dan.

elle, el, L. alnus, and E. elm.] (Bot.) A tree, usually

growing in moist land, and belonging to the genus Alnus. The

wood is used by turners, etc.; the bark by dyers and

tanners. In the U. S. the species of alder are usually

shrubs or small trees.

Black ~. (a) A European shrub (Rhamnus frangula); ~

buckthorn. (b) An American species of holly (Ilex

verticillata), bearing red berries.

Al6der (?), Al6ler (?), } a. [From ealra, alra, gen. pl. of

AS. eal. The d is excrescent.] Of all; P used in

composition; as, alderbest, best of all, alderwisest, wisest

of all. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Al7derPlief6est (?), a. [For allerliefest dearest of all.

See Lief.] Most beloved. [Obs.]

Shak.

Al6derOman (?), n.; pl. Aldermen (?). [AS. aldormon,

ealdorman; ealdor an elder + man. See Elder, n.] 1. A senior

or superior; a person of rank or dignity. [Obs.]

5 The title was applied, among the AngloPSaxons, to princes,

dukes, earls, senators, and presiding magistrates; also to

archbishops and bishops, implying superior wisdom or

authority. Thus Ethelstan, duke of the EastPAnglians, was

called Alderman of all England; and there were aldermen of

cities, counties, and castles, who had jurisdiction within

their respective districts.

3. One of a board or body of municipal officers next in

order to the mayor and having a legislative function. They

may, in some cases, individually exercise some magisterial

and administrative functions.

Al6derOmanOcy (?), n. The office of an alderman.

Al6derOman6ic (?), a. Relating to, becoming to, or like, an

alderman; characteristic of an alderman.

Al7derOman6iOty (?), n. 1. Aldermen collectively; the body

of aldermen.

2. The state of being an alderman. [Jocular]

Al7derOmanOlike7 (?), a. Like or suited to an alderman.

Al6derOmanOly, a. Pertaining to, or like, an alderman.

Al6derOmanOly, a. Pertaining to, or like, an alderman. =An

aldermanly discretion.8

Swift.

Al6derOmanOry (?), n. 1. The district or ward of an

alderman.

2. The office or rank of an alderman. [R.]

B. Jonson.

Al6derOmanOship, n. The condition, position, or office of an

alderman.

Fabyan.

Al6dern (?), a. Made of alder.

Al6derOney (?), n. One of a breed of cattle raised in

Alderney, one of the Channel Islands. Alderneys are of a dun

or tawny color and are often called Jersey cattle. See

Jersey, 3.

Al6dine (?; 277), a. (Bibliog.) An epithet applied to

editions (chiefly of the classics) which proceeded from the

press of Aldus Manitius, and his family, of Venice, for the

most part in the 16th century and known by the sign of the

anchor and the dolphin. The term has also been applied to

certain elegant editions of English works.

Ale (?), n. [AS. ealu, akin to Icel., Sw., and Dan. .l,

Lith. alus a kind of beer, OSlav. ol? beer. Cf. Ir. ol

drink, drinking.] 1. An intoxicating liquor made from an

infusion of malt by fermentation and the addition of a

bitter, usually hops.

5 The word ale, in England and the United States, usually

designates a heavier kind of fermented liquor, and the word

beer a lighter kind. The word beer is also in common use as

the generic name for all malt liquors.

2. A festival in English country places, so called from the

liquor drunk. =At wakes and ales.8 B. Jonson.=On ember eves

and holy ales.8 Shak.

AOleak6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + leak.] In a leaking

condition.

A6leOaOtoOry (?), a. [L. aleatorius, fr. alea chance, die.]

(Law) Depending on some uncertain contingency; as, an

aleatory contract.

Bouvier.

Ale6bench7 (?), n. A bench in or before an alehouse.

Bunyan.

Ale6ber7ry (?), n. [OE. alebery, alebrey; ale + bre broth,

fr. AS. brFw pottage.] A beverage, formerly made by boiling

ale with spice, sugar, and sops of bread.

Their aleberries, caudles, possets.

Beau. & Fl.

AOlect6iOthal (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? yelk.] (Biol.)

Applied to those ova which segment uniformly, and which have

little or no food yelk embedded in their protoplasm.

Balfour.

Ale6con6ner (?), n. [Ale + con, OE. cunnen to test, AS.

cunnian to test. See Con.] Orig., an officer appointed to

look to the goodness of ale and beer; also, one of the

officers chosen by the liverymen of London to insect the

measures used in public houses. But the office is a

sinecure. [Also called aletaster.] [Eng.]

Ale6cost7 (?), n. [Ale + L. costus an aromatic plant: cf.

Costmary.] (Bot.) The plant costmary, which was formerly

much used for flavoring ale.

X Al7ecOtor6iOdes (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? a cock.]

(Zo.l.) A group of birds including the common fowl and the

pheasants.

AOlec7toOrom6aOchy (?), n. [Gr. ? cock + ? fight.]

Cockfighting.

AOlec6toOroOman7cy (?), n. See Alectryomancy.

AOlec7tryOom'aOchy (?), n. [Gr. ? cock + ? fight.]

Cockfighting.

AOlec6tryOoOman7cy (?), n. [Gr. ? cock + Omancy.] Divination

by means of a cock and grains of corn placed on the letters

of the alphabet, the letters being put together in the order

in which the grains were eaten.

Amer. Cyc.

AOlee6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + lee.] (Naut.) On or toward the

lee, or the side away from the wind; the opposite of

aweather. The helm of a ship is alee when pressed close to

the lee side.

Hard ~, or Luff ~, an order to put the helm to the lee side.

Al6eOgar (?), n. [Ale + eager sour, F. aigre. Cf. Vinegar.]

Sour ale; vinegar made of ale.

Cecil.

Al6eOger (?), a. [F. all

gre, earlier al

gre, fr. L.

alacer.] Gay; cheerful; sprightly. [Obs.]

Bacon.

AOlegge6 (?), v. t. [OE. aleggen, alegen, OF. alegier, F.

all.ger, fr. LL. alleviare, for L. allevare to lighten; ad +

levis light. Cf. Alleviate, Allay, Allege.] To allay or

alleviate; to lighten. [Obs.]

That shall alegge this bitter blast.

Spenser.

Ale6hoof7 (?), n. [AS. h?fe ground ivy; the first part is

perh. a corruption: cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove,

ground ivy, =in old MSS. heyhowe, heyoue, haihoue,

halehoue.8 Prior.] Ground ivy (Nepeta Glechoma).

Ale6house7 (?), n. A house where ale is retailed; hence, a

tippling house.

Macaulay.

Ale6Pknight7 (?), n. A pot companion. [Obs.]

Al7eOman6nic (?), a. Belonging to the Alemanni, a

confederacy of warlike German tribes.

Al7eOman6nic, n. The language of the Alemanni.

The Swabian dialect... is known as the Alemannic.

Amer. Cyc.

AOlem6bic (?), n. [F. alambic (cf. Sp. alambique), Ar.

alPanbFq, fr. Gr. ? cup, cap of a still. The cap or head was

the alembic proper. Cf. Limbec.] An apparatus formerly used

in distillation, usually made of glass or metal. It has

mostly given place to the retort and worm still.

Used also metaphorically.

The alembic of a great poet's imagination.

Brimley.

AOlem6broth (?), n. [Origin uncertain.] The salt of wisdom

of the alchemists, a double salt composed of the chlorides

of ammonium and mercury. It was formerly used as a

stimulant.

Brande & C.

A7len7con6 lace6 (?). See under Lace.

AOlength6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + length.] At full length;

lenghtwise.

Chaucer.

AOlep6iOdote , a. [Gr. ? priv. + ?, ?, a scale.] (Zo.l.) Not

having scales. P n. A fish without scales.

Ale6pole7 (?), n. A pole set up as the sign of an alehouse.

[Obs.]

AOlert6 (?), a. [F. alerte, earlier . l'erte on the watch,

fr. It. all' erta on the watch, prop. (standing) on a

height, where one can look around; erta a declivity, steep,

erto steep, p. p. of ergere, erigere, to erect, raise, L.

erigere. See Erect.] 1. Watchful; vigilant; active in

vigilance.

2. Brisk; nimble; moving with celerity.

An alert young fellow.

Addison.

Syn. - Active; agile; lively; quick; prompt.

AOlert6, n. (Mil.) An alarm from a real or threatened

attack; a sudden attack; also, a bugle sound to give

warning. =We have had an alert.8

Farrow.

On the ~, on the lookout or watch against attack or danger;

ready to act.

AOlert6ly, adv. In an alert manner; nimbly.

AOlert6ness, n. The quality of being alert or on the alert;

briskness; nimbleness; activity.

Ale6 sil7ver (?). A duty payable to the lord mayor of London

by the sellers of ale within the city.

Ale6stake (?), n. A stake or pole projecting from, or set up

before, an alehouse, as a sign; an alepole. At the end was

commonly suspended a garland, a bunch of leaves, or a

=bush.8 [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Ale6tast7er (?), n. See Aleconner. [Eng.]

AOle7thiOol6oOgy (?), n. [Gr. ? truth + Ology.] The science

which treats of the nature of truth and evidence.

Sir W. Hamilton.

AOleth6oOscope (?), n. [Gr. ? true + ? to view.] An

instrument for viewing pictures by means of a lens, so as to

present them in their natural proportions and relations.

AOleu6roOman7cy (?), n. [Gr. ? wheaten flour + Omancy: cf.

F. aleuromancie.] Divination by means of flour.

Encyc. Brit.

Al7euOrom6eOter (?), n. [Gr. ? flour + Ometer.] An

instrument for determining the expansive properties, or

quality, of gluten in flour.

Knight.

AOleu6rone (?), n. [Gr. ? flour.] (Bot.) An albuminoid

substance which occurs in minute grains (=protein granules8)

in maturing seeds and tubers; P supposed to be a

modification of protoplasm.

Al7euOron6ic (?), a. (Bot.) Having the nature of aleurone.

D. C. Eaton.

AOleu6tian (?), AOleu6tic (?), } a. [Said to be from the

Russ. aleut a bold rock.] Of or pertaining to a chain of

islands between Alaska and Kamtchatka; also, designating

these islands.

Al6eOvin (?), n. [F. alevin, OF. alever to rear, fr. L. ad +

levare to raise.] Young fish; fry.

AOlew6 (?), n. Halloo. [Obs.]

Spenser.

Ale6wife7 (?), n.; pl. Alewives (?). A woman who keeps an

alehouse.

Gay.

Ale6wife7, n.; pl. Alewives. [This word is properly aloof,

the Indian name of a fish. See Winthrop on the culture of

maize in America, =Phil Trans.8 No. 142, p. 1065, and

Baddam's =Memoirs,8 vol. ii. p. 131.] (Zo.l.) A North

American fish (Clupea vernalis) of the Herring family. It is

called also ellwife, ellwhop, branch herring. The name is

locally applied to other related species.

Al7exOan6ders (?), Al7iOsan6ders (?), n. [OE. alisaundre,

OF. alissandere, fr. Alexander or Alexandria.] (Bot) A name

given to two species of the genus Smyrnium, formerly

cultivated and used as celery now is; P called also horse

parsely.

Al7exOan6driOan (?), a. 1. Of or pertaining to Alexandria in

Egypt; as, the Alexandrian library.

2. Applied to a kind of heroic verse. See Alexandrine, n.

Al7exOan6drine (?; 277), a. Belonging to Alexandria;

Alexandrian.

Bancroft.

Al7exOan6drine (?)(?), n. [F. alexandrin.] A kind of verse

consisting in English of twelve syllables.

The needless Alexandrine ends the song,

That, like a wounded snake, drags its slow length along.

Pope.

AOlex7iOphar6mac (?), AOlex7iOphar6maOcal (?), } a. & n.

[See Alexipharmic.] Alexipharmic. [Obs.]

AOlex7iOphar6mic (?), AOlex7iOphar6micOal (?), } a. [Gr. ?

keeping off poison; ? to keep off + ? drug, poison: cf. F.

alexipharmaque.] (Med.) Expelling or counteracting poison;

antidotal.

AOlex7iOphar6mic (?), n. (Med.) An antidote against poison

or infection; a counterpoison.

AOlex7iOpyOret6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? + ? burning heat, fever, ?

fire.] (Med.) Serving to drive off fever; antifebrile. P n.

A febrifuge.

AOlex7iOter6ic (?), AOlex7iOter6icOal (?), } a. [Gr. ? fit

to keep off or help, fr. ? one who keeps off, helper; ? to

keep off: cf. F. alexit

re.] (med.) Resisting poison;

obviating the effects of venom; alexipharmic.

AOlex7iOter6ic, n. [Gr. ? a remedy, an amulet: cf. F.

alexit

re, LL. alexiterium.] (Med.) A preservative against

contagious and infectious diseases, and the effects of

poison in general.

Brande & C.

X Al6fa (?) or Al6fa grass6 (?), n. A plant (Macrochloa

tenacissima) of North Africa; also, its fiber, used in paper

making.

AlOfal6fa (?), n. [Sp.] (Bot.) The lucern (Medicago sativa);

P so called in California, Texas, etc.

Al6feOnide (?), n. (Metal.) An alloy of nickel and silver

electroplated with silver.

X AlOfe6res (?), n. [Sp., fr. Ar. alOf>rs knight.] An

ensign; a standard bearer. [Obs.]

J. Fletcher.

Al6fet , n. [LL. alfetum, fr. AS. >lf.t a pot to boil in; >l

burning + f.t vat.] A caldron of boiling water into which an

accused person plunged his forearm as a test of innocence or

guilt.

X AlOfil7aOri6a (?), n. (Bot.) The pin grass (Erodium

cicutarium), a weed in California.

X Al7fiOo6ne (?), n. (Zo.l.) An edible marine fish of

California (Rhacochilus toxotes).

X AlOfres6co (?), adv. & a. [It. al fresco in or on the

fresh.] In the openPair.

Smollett.

X Al6ga (?), n.; pl. Alg. (?). [L., seaweed.] (Bot.) A kind

of seaweed; pl. the class of cellular cryptogamic plants

which includes the black, red, and green seaweeds, as kelp,

dulse, sea lettuce, also marine and fresh water conferv.,

etc.

Al6gal (?), a,. (Bot.) Pertaining to, or like, alg..

X Al7gaOro6ba (?), n. [Sp. algarroba, fr. Ar. alOkharr?bah.

Cf. Carob.] (Bot.) (a) The Carob, a leguminous tree of the

Mediterranean region; also, its edible beans or pods, called

St. John's bread. (b) The Honey mesquite (Prosopis

juliflora), a small tree found from California to Buenos

Ayres; also, its sweet, pulpy pods. A valuable gum,

resembling gum arabic, is collected from the tree in Texas

and Mexico.

Al6gaOrot (?), Al6gaOroth (?), } n. [F. algaroth, fr. the

name of the inventor, Algarotti.] (Med.) A term used for the

Powder of Algaroth, a white powder which is a compound of

trichloride and trioxide of antimony. It was formerly used

in medicine as an emetic, purgative, and diaphoretic.

X Al7gaOroOvil6la (?), n. The agglutinated seeds and husks

of the legumes of a South American tree (Inga Marth.). It is

valuable for tanning leather, and as a dye.

Al6gate (?), Al6gates (?), } adv. [All + gate way. The s is

and adverbial ending. See Gate.] 1. Always; wholly;

everywhere. [Obs. or Dial.]

Ulna now he algates must forego.

Spenser.

5 Still used in the north of England in the sense of

=everywhere.8

2. By any or means; at all events. [Obs.]

Fairfax.

3. Notwithstanding; yet. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Al6gaOzel7 (?), n. [Ar. al the + ghaz>l.] (Zo.l.) The true

gazelle.

Al6geObra (?), n. [LL. algebra, fr. Ar. alPjebr reduction of

parts to a whole, or fractions to whole numbers, fr. jabara

to bind together, consolidate; alPjebr w'almuq>balah

reduction and comparison (by equations): cf. F. alg

bre, It.

& Sp. algebra.] 1. (Math.) That branch of mathematics which

treats of the relations and properties of quantity by means

of letters and other symbols. It is applicable to those

relations that are true of every kind of magnitude.

2. A treatise on this science.

Al7geObra6ic (?), Al7geObra6icOal (?), } a. Of or pertaining

to algebra; containing an operation of algebra, or deduced

from such operation; as, algebraic characters; algebraical

writings.

Algebraic curve, a curve such that the equation which

expresses the relation between the co.rdinates of its points

involves only the ordinary operations of algebra; P opposed

to a transcendental curve.

Al7geObra6icOalOly, adv. By algebraic process.

Al6geObra7ist (?), n. One versed in algebra.

Al6geObraOize (?)(?), v. t. To perform by algebra; to reduce

to algebraic form.

AlOge6riOan (?), a. Of or pertaining to Algeria. P n. A

native of Algeria.

Al7geOrine6 (?), a. Of or pertaining to Algiers or Algeria.

Al7geOrine6, n. A native or one of the people of Algiers or

Algeria. Also, a pirate.

Al6gid (?), a. [L. algidus cold, fr. algere to be cold: cf.

F. algide.] Cold; chilly.

Bailey.

w cholera (Med.), Asiatic cholera.

AlOgid6iOty (?), n. Chilliness; coldness; especially (Med.),

coldness and collapse.

Al6gidOness (?), n. Algidity. [Obs.]

AlOgif6ic (?), a. [L. algificus, fr. algus cold + facere to

make.] Producing cold.

Al6goid (?), a. [L. alga + Ooid.] Of the nature of, or

resembling, an alga.

Al6gol (?), n. [Ar. alPgh?l destruction, calamity, fr. gh>la

to take suddenly, destroy.] (Astron.) A fixed star, in

Medusa's head, in the constellation Perseus, remarkable for

its periodic variation in brightness.

Al7goOlog6icOal (?), a. Of or pertaining to algology; as,

algological specimens.

AlOgol6oOgist (?), n. One learned about alg.; a student of

algology.

AlOgol6oOgy (?), n. [L. alga seaweed + Ology.] (Bot.) The

study or science of alg. or seaweeds.

AlOgon6quin (?), AlOgon6kin (?), } n. One of a widely spread

family of Indians, including many distinct tribes, which

formerly occupied most of the northern and eastern part of

North America. The name was originally applied to a group of

Indian tribes north of the River St. Lawrence.

X Al6gor (?), n. [L.] (Med.) Cold; chilliness.

Al6goOrism (?), Al6goOrithm (?), } n. [OE. algorism, algrim,

augrim, OF. algorisme, F. algorithme (cf. Sp. algoritmo,

OSp. alguarismo, LL. algorismus), fr. the Ar. alPKhow>rezmF

of Khow>rezm, the modern Khiwa, surname of Abu Ja'far

Mohammed ben Mus>, author of a work on arithmetic early in

the 9th century, which was translated into Latin, such books

bearing the name algorismus. The spelling with th is due to

a supposed connection with Gr. ? number.] 1. The art of

calculating by nine figures and zero.

2. The art of calculating with any species of notation; as,

the algorithms of fractions, proportions, surds, etc.

Al6gous (?), a. [L. algosus, fr. alga seaweed.] Of or

pertaining to the alg., or seaweeds; abounding with, or

like, seaweed.

X Al7guaOzil6 (?)(?), n. [Sp. alguacil, fr. Ar. alwazFr the

vizier. Cf. Vizier.] An inferior officer of justice in

Spain; a warrant officer; a constable.

Prescott.

Al6gum (?), n. Same as Almug (and etymologically

preferable).

2 Chron. ii. 8.

AlOham6bra (?), n. [Ultimately fr. Ar. al the + hamr> red;

i. e., the red (sc. house).] The palace of the Moorish kings

at Granada.

Al7hamObra6ic (?), Al7hamObresque6 (?; 277), } a. Made or

decorated after the fanciful style of the ornamentation in

the Alhambra, which affords an unusually fine exhibition of

Saracenic or Arabesque architecture.

X AlOhen6na (?), n. See Henna.

A6liOas (?), adv. [L., fr. alius. See Else.] (Law) (a)

Otherwise; otherwise called; P a term used in legal

proceedings to connect the different names of any one who

has gone by two or more, and whose true name is for any

cause doubtful; as, Smith, alias Simpson. (b) At another

time.

A6liOas, n.; pl. Aliases (?). [L., otherwise, at another

time.] (Law) (a) A second or further writ which is issued

after a first writ has expired without effect. (b) Another

name; an assumed name.

Al6iObi (?), n. [L., elsewhere, at another place. See

Alias.] (Law) The plea or mode of defense under which a

person on trial for a crime proves or attempts to prove that

he was in another place when the alleged act was committed;

as, to set up an alibi; to prove an alibi.

Al7iObil6iOty (?), n. Quality of being alible.

Al6iOble (?), a. [L. alibilis, fr. alere to nourish.]

Nutritive; nourishing.

Al6iOcant (?), n. A kind of wine, formerly much esteemed; P

said to have been made near Alicant, in Spain.

J. Fletcher.

Al6iOdade (?), n. [LL. alidada, alhidada, fr. Ar. alO'id>da

a sort of rule: cf. F. alidade.] The portion of a graduated

instrument, as a quadrant or astrolabe, carrying the sights

or telescope, and showing the degrees cut off on the arc of

the instrument

Whewell.

Al6ien (?), a. [OF. alien, L. alienus, fr. alius another;

properly, therefore, belonging to another. See Else.] 1. Not

belonging to the same country, land, or government, or to

the citizens or subjects thereof; foreign; as, alien

subjects, enemies, property, shores.

2. Wholly different in nature; foreign; adverse;

inconsistent (with); incongruous; P followed by from or

sometimes by to; as, principles alien from our religion.

An alien sound of melancholy.

Wordsworth.

w enemy (Law), one who owes allegiance to a government at

war with ours.

Abbott.

Al6ien, n. 1. A foreigner; one owing allegiance, or

belonging, to another country; a foreignPborn resident of a

country in which he does not posses the privileges of a

citizen. Hence, a stranger. See Alienage.

2. One excluded from certain privileges; one alienated or

estranged; as, aliens from God's mercies.

Aliens from the common wealth of Israel.

Ephes. ii. 12.

Al6ien, v. t. [F. ali.ner, L. alienare.] To alienate; to

estrange; to transfer, as property or ownership. [R.] =It

the son alien lands.8

Sir M. Hale.

The prince was totally aliened from all thoughts of... the

marriage.

Clarendon.

Al7ienOaObil6iOty (?), n. Capability of being alienated.

=The alienability of the domain.8

Burke.

Al6ienOaOble (?), a. [Cf. F. ali.nable.] Capable of being

alienated, sold, or transferred to another; as, land is

alienable according to the laws of the state.

Al6ienOage (?), n. [Cf. OF. ali.nage.] 1. The state or legal

condition of being an alien.

5 The disabilities of alienage are removable by

naturalization or by special license from the State of

residence, and in some of the United States by declaration

of intention of naturalization.

Kent. Wharton.

Estates forfeitable on account of alienage.

Story.

2. The state of being alienated or transferred to another.

Brougham.

Al6ienOate (?), a. [L. alienatus, p. p. of alienare, fr.

alienus. See Alien, and cf. Aliene.] Estranged; withdrawn in

affection; foreign; P with from.

O alienate from God.

Milton.

Al6ienOate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Alienated (?); p. pr. &

vb. n. Alienating.] 1. To convey or transfer to another, as

title, property, or right; to part voluntarily with

ownership of.

2. To withdraw, as the affections; to make indifferent of

averse, where love or friendship before subsisted; to

estrange; to wean; P with from.

The errors which... alienated a loyal gentry and priesthood

from the House of Stuart.

Macaulay.

The recollection of his former life is a dream that only the

more alienates him from the realities of the present.

I. Taylor.

Al6ienOate (?), n. A stranger; an alien. [Obs.]

Al7ienOa6tion (?), n. [F. ali.nation, L. alienatio, fr.

alienare, fr. alienare. See Alienate.] 1. The act of

alienating, or the state of being alienated.

2. (Law) A transfer of title, or a legal conveyance of

property to another.

3. A withdrawing or estrangement, as of the affections.

The alienation of his heart from the king.

Bacon.

4. Mental alienation; derangement of the mental faculties;

insanity; as, alienation of mind.

Syn. - Insanity; lunacy; madness; derangement; aberration;

mania; delirium; frenzy; dementia; monomania. See Insanity.

Al6ienOa6tor (?), n. One who alienates.

AlOiene (?), v. t. To alien or alienate; to transfer, as

title or property; as, to aliene an estate.

Al6ienOee6 (?), n. (Law) One to whom the title of property

is transferred; P opposed to alienor.

It the alienee enters and keeps possession.

Blackstone.

Al6ienOism (?), n. 1. The status or legal condition of an

alien; alienage.

The law was very gentle in the construction of the

disability of alienism.

Kent.

2. The study or treatment of diseases of the mind.

Al6ienOist (?), n. [F. ali.niste.] One who treats diseases

of the mind.

Ed. Rev.

Al7ienOor6 (?), n. [OF. ali.neur.] One who alienates or

transfers property to another.

Blackstone.

Al7iOeth6moid (?), Al7iOethOmoid6al (?), } a. [L. ala wing +

E. ethomoid.] (Anat.) Pertaining to expansions of the

ethmoid bone or ?artilage.

AOlife6 (?), adv. [Cf. lief dear.] On my life; dearly.

[Obs.] =I love that sport alife.8

Beau. & Fl.

AOlif6erOous (?), a. [L. ala wing + Oferous.] Having wings,

winged; aligerous. [R.]

Al6iOform (?), a. [L. ala wing + Oform.] WingOshaped;

winglike.

AOlig6erOous (?), a. [L. aliger; ala wing + gerere to

carry.] Having wings; winged. [R.]

AOlight6 (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Alighted (?) sometimes

Alit (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Alighting.] [OE. alihten, fr. AS.

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